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Forensic Identification of Salvia divinorum and Salvinorin A
Forensic Identification of Salvia divinorum and Salvinorin A

... and many other countries as a hallucinogenic drug. Because of this, numerous studies have been conducted in identifying the plant material. Some of the most common methods include UV/Vis, TLC, and GC/MS. This article discusses these methods, as well as two other common identification methods proven ...
BSACI guidelines for the management of drug allergy
BSACI guidelines for the management of drug allergy

... exposure [7, 8]. Symptoms occur typically during subsequent courses by a variety of mechanisms, many of which have yet to be determined. Background and epidemiology ADRs account for approximately 6.5% of all hospital admissions [9–11] and up to 15% of in-patients have a hospital stay prolonged as a ...
3. pharmapeutical form - Veterinary Medicines Directorate
3. pharmapeutical form - Veterinary Medicines Directorate

... 4.5 Special precautions for use Special precautions for use in animals Degenerative changes of articular cartilage were observed in calves treated orally with 30 mg enrofloxacin/kg bw during 14 days. Do not exceed the recommended dose. Repeat injections should be administered at different sites. Enr ...
ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION OF NIFEDIPINE BY SURFACE SOLID DISPERSION  TECHNIQUE  Research Article   
ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION OF NIFEDIPINE BY SURFACE SOLID DISPERSION  TECHNIQUE  Research Article   

... by their solubility and dissolution rate. Several studies were carried  out to increase the dissolution rate of drugs [1]. One such study was  solid  dispersion  which  has  shown  promising  results  in  improving  solubility, wettability, dissolution  rate of  drug and  subsequently  its  bioavail ...
Histamine receptor antagonists
Histamine receptor antagonists

... PHARMACOLOGY ...
Pfizer Inc All Rights Reserved
Pfizer Inc All Rights Reserved

... – May leverage multivariate methods (i.e. PCA) to simplify data analysis. Joseph Kushner IV. (2013) Utilizing quantitative certificate of analysis data to assess the amount of excipient lot-to-lot variability sampled during drug product development. Pharm Dev Tech, 18(2):333-342. ...
Dissolution Testing of Poorly Soluble Compounds
Dissolution Testing of Poorly Soluble Compounds

... their disintegration and solubilization properties, drugs also may be classified by additional factors such as permeability. A classification system that uses permeability is the biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS), which is based on estimates of the contribution of solubility, permeabilit ...
Case Report[ Fatal Cold Medication Intoxication in an Infant
Case Report[ Fatal Cold Medication Intoxication in an Infant

... the liver (3,9). Although there are limitations in interpreting postmortem drug levels in the blood, especially in the context of limited data on infants and young children, the values in this report are elevated and definitely confirm that multiple substances were present in the infant's body at th ...
itopride - European Medical Journal
itopride - European Medical Journal

... dosage for clinical practice (50 mg TID). It is therefore interesting that the percentage of sideeffects in all three treated groups did not differ significantly, and it was not even different compared to the placebo. The most common side-effects were abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation, and nau ...
Sonophoresis - International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology
Sonophoresis - International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

... induce sinusoidal density variation. At frequencies greater than 1 MHz, the density variations occur so rapidly that a small gaseous nucleus cannot grow and cavitational effects cease. But other effects due to density variations, such as generation of cyclic stresses because of density changes that ...
PhD thesis
PhD thesis

... published within the field of endocrine disruption per year from 1990 to 2010. The focus  of  the  research  has  been  on  identifying  EDCs,  findings  ways  to  screen  chemicals  for  endocrine effects, and on effects observed in humans and wildlife both in subpopulation  being exposed to relati ...
Nasal Decongestant
Nasal Decongestant

... MAOI may increase blood pressure. Sympathomimetic may increase toxicity it can decrease effect of methyldopa, reserpine. ...
American Geriatrics Society Updated Beers Criteria for
American Geriatrics Society Updated Beers Criteria for

... were preventable, with most problems occurring at the ordering and monitoring stages of care.1,2 In a study of the 2000/2001 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, the total estimated healthcare expenditures related to the use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) was $7.2 billion.3 Avoiding th ...
Two simple animal models of intraocular pressure elevation for testing
Two simple animal models of intraocular pressure elevation for testing

... On day 28, the IOP lowering effect of bilateral single drop application of latanoprost (0.002%)4 or brimonidine/timolol (0.2%/0.25%) was evaluated in high IOP rats. The naive group and an induced group treated with bilateral single drop application of 0.9% NaCl served as controls (n=10 per group). I ...
Reinforcing Effects of Psychostimulants in Humans Are Associated
Reinforcing Effects of Psychostimulants in Humans Are Associated

... the Diagnostic and Statistics Manual IV (DSM IV; American Psychiatric Association) (excluding nicotine/caffeine). Subjects were excluded if they had a current or past psychiatric, neurological, cardiovascular, or endocrinological disease. None of the subjects was taking medications at the time of th ...
Botika ng Bayan Overview - The Center for Health Market
Botika ng Bayan Overview - The Center for Health Market

... from the combined sales of all other small independent pharmacies, 7 percent comes from private hospitals, 2.5 comes from public hospitals, 10 percentcomes from other private outlets, and 0.5 percent comes from other public outlets. Thus, the private sector as a whole holds an inordinate share of th ...
i-Cheaper Medicines Program Review - DBM
i-Cheaper Medicines Program Review - DBM

... from the combined sales of all other small independent pharmacies, 7 percent comes from private hospitals, 2.5 comes from public hospitals, 10 percentcomes from other private outlets, and 0.5 percent comes from other public outlets. Thus, the private sector as a whole holds an inordinate share of th ...
About the Author - Pharmacy Technician Certification
About the Author - Pharmacy Technician Certification

... Prescriptions are orders for medications in a specified dose and amount to be given in a specific time frame. Prescriptions are typically written by physicians but may also come from physician assistants (PA), dentists (DDS, DMD), podiatrists (DPM), ophthalmologists (OD) and veterinarians (DVM). In ...
AJBBL formatted Abstracts
AJBBL formatted Abstracts

... provides rapid diagnosis. These techniques have wide application for the detection of bacteria, fungi and toxins from patient samples and identification from culture. This is particularly useful for organisms that are difficult to cultivate, like Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Chlamydia trachomatis. ...
Naltrexone potentiates anti-HIV-1 activity of antiretroviral drugs in
Naltrexone potentiates anti-HIV-1 activity of antiretroviral drugs in

... Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus; Indinavir; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Zidovudine ...
NIDA Research Report - Heroin
NIDA Research Report - Heroin

... if any problems leaving opiates after their pain is resolved by other means. This may be because the patient in pain is simply seeking relief of pain and not the rush sought by the addict. What are the medical complications of chronic heroin use? edical consequences of chronic heroin injection use i ...
ARVO 2017 Annual Meeting Abstracts 160 Anti
ARVO 2017 Annual Meeting Abstracts 160 Anti

... hydrocortisone. Modifications of IOP were examined after twice daily instillations of T1565 (preservative free hydrocortisone 0.335%), for 5 weeks in a rat model of glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension, in comparison to dexamethasone. Methods: Twenty four albino rats (Sprague Dawley females) w ...
7-KETO™ DHEA - Pure Encapsulations
7-KETO™ DHEA - Pure Encapsulations

... 7-KETO DHEA, a safe and natural metabolite of DHEA, was the subject of research for over a decade at the University of Wisconsin in Madison. Of over 150 DHEA compounds tested, 7-KETO proved to be the most promising form. Researchers discovered that 7-KETO does not convert to testosterone or estrogen ...
Breakdown of the Blood-Ocular Barrier as a Strategy for the
Breakdown of the Blood-Ocular Barrier as a Strategy for the

... Micelles are aggregates of amphiphilic molecules dispersed in a liquid colloid. Some micelar formulations for topical applications seem to be promising, but one of the major disadvantages of micellar formation is the demicellization that happens as a result of dilution upon injection in vivo [29]. M ...
The Rational Use of Drugs - Part 4
The Rational Use of Drugs - Part 4

... When the assumption of linearity does not hold, the EC50 no longer approximates the KD. For example, the EC50 will be much smaller than the KD when “spare receptors” are present. A tissue is said to express “spare receptors” when only a small fraction of the receptor population must be occupied by d ...
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Pharmacognosy



Pharmacognosy is the study of medicinal drugs derived from plants or other natural sources. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as ""the study of the physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drugs, drug substances or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources.""It is also defined as the study of crude drugs.
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