Presentation of Trade policies, household welfare and poverty
... • Welfare effects of price changes/policy depend on how price changes are passed through the supply chain from ports/producers to consumers • Domestic distortions influence transmission of price changes to domestic producers and consumers – Internal trade costs – Wholesale and retail distribution – ...
... • Welfare effects of price changes/policy depend on how price changes are passed through the supply chain from ports/producers to consumers • Domestic distortions influence transmission of price changes to domestic producers and consumers – Internal trade costs – Wholesale and retail distribution – ...
introductory economics: tools for clear thinking, or
... and in the long historical term, the only feasible one as well. It follows that the distribution of income and wealth, privilege and power, that arises in the course of this system's development is either (a) ultimately the best possible distribution, or else if not, then (b) never to be corrected b ...
... and in the long historical term, the only feasible one as well. It follows that the distribution of income and wealth, privilege and power, that arises in the course of this system's development is either (a) ultimately the best possible distribution, or else if not, then (b) never to be corrected b ...
The Political Economy of Capitalism
... markets without regulations and infrastructure, and no legitimate regulations or infrastructure unless they have been created, maintained, legitimated and, if need be, modernized by a political authority. Furthermore, the definition gives no indication that government has quite different roles in ca ...
... markets without regulations and infrastructure, and no legitimate regulations or infrastructure unless they have been created, maintained, legitimated and, if need be, modernized by a political authority. Furthermore, the definition gives no indication that government has quite different roles in ca ...
What is a Social Economy?
... Adam Smith looked at enterprises as “public.” When the market was structured with small enterprises that were transparent, then Smith said “reason” should win for buyers. People can make rational decisions in their own self-interest. In his time, the business sector was new and had not yet legally ...
... Adam Smith looked at enterprises as “public.” When the market was structured with small enterprises that were transparent, then Smith said “reason” should win for buyers. People can make rational decisions in their own self-interest. In his time, the business sector was new and had not yet legally ...
antitrust (new window)
... Claims of predatory pricing are common, but economists are usually skeptical about the effectiveness of predatory pricing as an anticompetitive strategy and about the government’s ability to enforce laws against predatory pricing without harming consumers. This skepticism arises for several reasons. ...
... Claims of predatory pricing are common, but economists are usually skeptical about the effectiveness of predatory pricing as an anticompetitive strategy and about the government’s ability to enforce laws against predatory pricing without harming consumers. This skepticism arises for several reasons. ...
Microeconomics
Microeconomics (from Greek prefix mikro- meaning ""small"") is a branch of economics that studies the behavior of individuals and firms in making decisions regarding the allocation of limited resources. Typically, it applies to markets where goods or services are bought and sold. Microeconomics examines how these decisions and behaviors affect the supply and demand for goods and services, which determines prices, and how prices, in turn, determine the quantity supplied and quantity demanded of goods and services.This is in contrast to macroeconomics, which involves the ""sum total of economic activity, dealing with the issues of growth, inflation, and unemployment."" Microeconomics also deals with the effects of national economic policies (such as changing taxation levels) on the aforementioned aspects of the economy. Particularly in the wake of the Lucas critique, much of modern macroeconomic theory has been built upon 'microfoundations'—i.e. based upon basic assumptions about micro-level behavior.One of the goals of microeconomics is to analyze market mechanisms that establish relative prices amongst goods and services and allocation of limited resources amongst many alternative uses. Microeconomics also analyzes market failure, where markets fail to produce efficient results, and describes the theoretical conditions needed for perfect competition. Significant fields of study in microeconomics include general equilibrium, markets under asymmetric information, choice under uncertainty and economic applications of game theory. Also considered is the elasticity of products within the market system.