Patterns of habitat use and segregation among African large
... may play in promoting coexistence. The study site was the Okavango Delta in northern Botswana, one of the few remaining places in Africa where the three species still co-occur in a pristine and undisturbed ecosystem. In Chapter Two we investigated the degree of temporal segregation between the alleg ...
... may play in promoting coexistence. The study site was the Okavango Delta in northern Botswana, one of the few remaining places in Africa where the three species still co-occur in a pristine and undisturbed ecosystem. In Chapter Two we investigated the degree of temporal segregation between the alleg ...
Environmental responses, not species interactions, determine
... An intuitive way to quantify the effects of environmental stochasticity, demographic stochasticity, and interspecific interactions is to remove them one-by-one, and in combination. If synchrony changes more when we remove environmental stochasticity than when we remove interspecific interactions, ...
... An intuitive way to quantify the effects of environmental stochasticity, demographic stochasticity, and interspecific interactions is to remove them one-by-one, and in combination. If synchrony changes more when we remove environmental stochasticity than when we remove interspecific interactions, ...
A Dynamical Systems Approach to Modeling Plankton Food Web
... also require vitamins like thiamin or biotin to survive.4 Predator-prey models help forecast population trends and disease outbreaks. They can also aid in the understanding of biological community structure. The most basic kind of food chain involves a prey species feeding off a nutrient. This can b ...
... also require vitamins like thiamin or biotin to survive.4 Predator-prey models help forecast population trends and disease outbreaks. They can also aid in the understanding of biological community structure. The most basic kind of food chain involves a prey species feeding off a nutrient. This can b ...
petition - Center for Biological Diversity
... reproductive potential over a breeding life that may exceed 50 years. Stable turtle populations are dependent on sufficient long-lived breeding adults to offset the effects of high egg and nestling mortality and delayed sexual maturity (Congdon et al. 1993; Wilbur and Morin 1988). As such, scientist ...
... reproductive potential over a breeding life that may exceed 50 years. Stable turtle populations are dependent on sufficient long-lived breeding adults to offset the effects of high egg and nestling mortality and delayed sexual maturity (Congdon et al. 1993; Wilbur and Morin 1988). As such, scientist ...
Food Web Theory and Ecological Restoration
... linkages for regulating the abundance of other organisms (functional webs; Figure 11-ld). Additionally, food web structure sometimes refers to the distribution of biomass across different trophic levels, and ultimately how bottom-up and topdown factors regulate biomass across multiple trophic levels ...
... linkages for regulating the abundance of other organisms (functional webs; Figure 11-ld). Additionally, food web structure sometimes refers to the distribution of biomass across different trophic levels, and ultimately how bottom-up and topdown factors regulate biomass across multiple trophic levels ...
Phylogenetic diversity of plants alters the effect of species
... variety of nutritional resources for generalist herbivores, which may prefer to eat in diverse patches, and may thrive more in them too (Unsicker et al., 2008; Schuldt & Baruffol, 2010). I will refer to this idea as the Dietary Mixing Hypothesis (after Bernays et al., 1994). Unfortunately, previous ...
... variety of nutritional resources for generalist herbivores, which may prefer to eat in diverse patches, and may thrive more in them too (Unsicker et al., 2008; Schuldt & Baruffol, 2010). I will refer to this idea as the Dietary Mixing Hypothesis (after Bernays et al., 1994). Unfortunately, previous ...
Brown-headed Cowbirds - American Birding Association
... cowbird-removal sites than at sites with cowbirds, suggesting that cowbirds do affect local bird communities. The authors also noted that differences in community composition (as opposed to sheer numbers) were due to small increases in the abundance of suitable host species at cowbird-removal sites; ...
... cowbird-removal sites than at sites with cowbirds, suggesting that cowbirds do affect local bird communities. The authors also noted that differences in community composition (as opposed to sheer numbers) were due to small increases in the abundance of suitable host species at cowbird-removal sites; ...
A meta-analysis of biotic resistance to exotic plant invasions
... unresolved. First, how effective is biotic resistance? Is it capable of completely repelling exotic invasions? Second, when in the invasion process does it operate most strongly? Third, which ecological interactions contribute most to resistance? Here we evaluate conventional wisdom concerning each ...
... unresolved. First, how effective is biotic resistance? Is it capable of completely repelling exotic invasions? Second, when in the invasion process does it operate most strongly? Third, which ecological interactions contribute most to resistance? Here we evaluate conventional wisdom concerning each ...
experimental ecology of food webs: complex systems in temporary
... sessile adult stage attached to a hard substrate. All frogs with free-living larvae change at metamorphosis from a aquatic omnivorous tadpoles to a amphibious carnivorous adults. The role of such connections among food webs is a fruitful area for both theoretical and empirical research because the f ...
... sessile adult stage attached to a hard substrate. All frogs with free-living larvae change at metamorphosis from a aquatic omnivorous tadpoles to a amphibious carnivorous adults. The role of such connections among food webs is a fruitful area for both theoretical and empirical research because the f ...
A metaanalysis of biotic resistance to exotic plant invasions
... unresolved. First, how effective is biotic resistance? Is it capable of completely repelling exotic invasions? Second, when in the invasion process does it operate most strongly? Third, which ecological interactions contribute most to resistance? Here we evaluate conventional wisdom concerning each ...
... unresolved. First, how effective is biotic resistance? Is it capable of completely repelling exotic invasions? Second, when in the invasion process does it operate most strongly? Third, which ecological interactions contribute most to resistance? Here we evaluate conventional wisdom concerning each ...
Differences in Forage-Acquisition and Fungal Enzyme Activity
... about 60 fold between genera, but are relatively constant across species within genera. These differences appear to match overall differences in colony size, especially when Atta workers that return to their nests without leaves are assumed to carry liquid food. We confirm that Panamanian Atta speci ...
... about 60 fold between genera, but are relatively constant across species within genera. These differences appear to match overall differences in colony size, especially when Atta workers that return to their nests without leaves are assumed to carry liquid food. We confirm that Panamanian Atta speci ...
Ecology, 89 - Virginia Tech
... influencing community structure (Krebs 1994). The need to develop a better understanding of how species interactions affect community structure has received increasing attention with the growing need to predict future impacts of environmental change on species and their associated ecosystems (Kareiva ...
... influencing community structure (Krebs 1994). The need to develop a better understanding of how species interactions affect community structure has received increasing attention with the growing need to predict future impacts of environmental change on species and their associated ecosystems (Kareiva ...
Patterns of Nest Usurpation: When Should Species Converge on
... Abstract. The acceptability of a nest to more than one speciesand the convergenceof specieson a nest niche is demonstrated through nest usurpation. I compiled examples of nest usurpationfrom the literature to examine patterns regardingthe speciesand nest sites that tend to be usurped, those speciesl ...
... Abstract. The acceptability of a nest to more than one speciesand the convergenceof specieson a nest niche is demonstrated through nest usurpation. I compiled examples of nest usurpationfrom the literature to examine patterns regardingthe speciesand nest sites that tend to be usurped, those speciesl ...
Preliminary study on the diet composition of the leopard
... agriculture and quarries. This encroachment has greatly reduced the original territory of leopards, encouraging a higher incidence of human-leopard conflict when leopards stray from their home ranges in search of food. This study focuses on identifying the main prey base of the leopard through scat ...
... agriculture and quarries. This encroachment has greatly reduced the original territory of leopards, encouraging a higher incidence of human-leopard conflict when leopards stray from their home ranges in search of food. This study focuses on identifying the main prey base of the leopard through scat ...
Conservation and control strategies for the wolf (Canis lupus) in
... kill domestic and game animals as well as threaten humans and, as a consequence, many carnivore species have been facing widespread persecution. Protected areas often offer insufficient protection, as they may be too small to encompass full home ranges, and substantial mortality is caused by contact ...
... kill domestic and game animals as well as threaten humans and, as a consequence, many carnivore species have been facing widespread persecution. Protected areas often offer insufficient protection, as they may be too small to encompass full home ranges, and substantial mortality is caused by contact ...
Environmental responses, not species interactions
... correlations (synchronizing effect) offset by strong competition (desynchronizing effect), or negative environmental correlations and weak competition. The best way to quantify the effects of environmental stochasticity, demographic stochasticity, and interspecific interactions is to remove them one ...
... correlations (synchronizing effect) offset by strong competition (desynchronizing effect), or negative environmental correlations and weak competition. The best way to quantify the effects of environmental stochasticity, demographic stochasticity, and interspecific interactions is to remove them one ...
ecology of insect communities in nontidal wetlands
... attention, and the importance of insects in these systems is being recognized. In addition, waterfowl and pest management concerns about wetlands now place a high priority on information about insect ecology. In the 1960s and 1970s, wildlife workers discovered that insects were important waterfowl f ...
... attention, and the importance of insects in these systems is being recognized. In addition, waterfowl and pest management concerns about wetlands now place a high priority on information about insect ecology. In the 1960s and 1970s, wildlife workers discovered that insects were important waterfowl f ...
The fate of Amazonian forest fragments: A 32-year
... pasture and regrowth forest) and this in turn has strongly influenced fragment dynamics and faunal persistence. Rare weather events, especially windstorms and droughts, have further altered fragment ecology. In general, populations and communities of species in fragments are hyperdynamic relative to ...
... pasture and regrowth forest) and this in turn has strongly influenced fragment dynamics and faunal persistence. Rare weather events, especially windstorms and droughts, have further altered fragment ecology. In general, populations and communities of species in fragments are hyperdynamic relative to ...
Wildlife in alpine and sub-alpine habitats
... goats, remain in their high elevation ‘islands’ yearround, and leave only to travel to other alpine patches. However, the majority of species move to lower elevation habitats at some life history stage. Thus, connectivity is a key ecological process to maintain for alpine wildlife. Anthropogenically ...
... goats, remain in their high elevation ‘islands’ yearround, and leave only to travel to other alpine patches. However, the majority of species move to lower elevation habitats at some life history stage. Thus, connectivity is a key ecological process to maintain for alpine wildlife. Anthropogenically ...
Global patterns in the impact of marine herbivores on benthic
... 2002; Valentine & Duffy 2006). Knowing how benthic primary producers are controlled is crucial for understanding how marine ecosystems function and how anthropogenic impacts may ripple through marine ecosystems via indirect effects. In turn, the producer-herbivore relationship likely varies as a fun ...
... 2002; Valentine & Duffy 2006). Knowing how benthic primary producers are controlled is crucial for understanding how marine ecosystems function and how anthropogenic impacts may ripple through marine ecosystems via indirect effects. In turn, the producer-herbivore relationship likely varies as a fun ...
Characteristics of fish fauna of the Macintyre and Dumaresq Rivers
... section of the Border Rivers catchment (Table 2). This compares to the more than 35 native and 11 alien fish species in the Murray-Darling Basin, some of which are estuarine, and others are restricted in their distribution to highland habitats (more than 600 metres a.s.l.). Although data collection ...
... section of the Border Rivers catchment (Table 2). This compares to the more than 35 native and 11 alien fish species in the Murray-Darling Basin, some of which are estuarine, and others are restricted in their distribution to highland habitats (more than 600 metres a.s.l.). Although data collection ...
VOLES IN MONTANA THEIR BIOLOGY, DAMAGE AND CONTROL
... sugar beets, grains, potatoes, and other vegetables. Such damage is usually directly proportional to vole population numbers. Burrowing activities and tunnel systems may disrupt irrigation. During winter months or at times of drought, voles often move from surrounding areas into yards, gardens, golf ...
... sugar beets, grains, potatoes, and other vegetables. Such damage is usually directly proportional to vole population numbers. Burrowing activities and tunnel systems may disrupt irrigation. During winter months or at times of drought, voles often move from surrounding areas into yards, gardens, golf ...
Making Room for Wolf Recovery - Center for Biological Diversity
... that there are only roughly 5,400 wolves in portions of the Midwest (~3,700 wolves), northern Rockies (~1,670) and Southwest (~80) (FWS 2013), and the states are actively working to reduce populations. Moreover, wolves occupy just a fraction of their historic range, less than 10 percent, and only a ...
... that there are only roughly 5,400 wolves in portions of the Midwest (~3,700 wolves), northern Rockies (~1,670) and Southwest (~80) (FWS 2013), and the states are actively working to reduce populations. Moreover, wolves occupy just a fraction of their historic range, less than 10 percent, and only a ...
urban decay and mosquito production in west baltimore: roofless
... mosquito on the East Coast (Leisnham 2011). The Asian tiger mosquito, as it is typically called, was first introduced into the United States in the mid-1980s from East Asia and has since rapidly spread eastwards and northwards across the country (Benedict 2007). The mosquito was first discovered in ...
... mosquito on the East Coast (Leisnham 2011). The Asian tiger mosquito, as it is typically called, was first introduced into the United States in the mid-1980s from East Asia and has since rapidly spread eastwards and northwards across the country (Benedict 2007). The mosquito was first discovered in ...
EU NON-NATIVE SPECIES RISK ANALYSIS – RISK ASSESSMENT
... Austria (Van Dijk, et al, 2013). Romania (Dimancea, N., 2013), Hungary (Puky et. Al, 2004), Croatia (Lukac et al, 2015), Bulgaria (Mollov et al, 2013) , Slovakia (Ficetola et al, 2012), Czech (Brejcha et al, 2009). The Global Invasive Species Database (2009) lists it as a pest in France, Germany, La ...
... Austria (Van Dijk, et al, 2013). Romania (Dimancea, N., 2013), Hungary (Puky et. Al, 2004), Croatia (Lukac et al, 2015), Bulgaria (Mollov et al, 2013) , Slovakia (Ficetola et al, 2012), Czech (Brejcha et al, 2009). The Global Invasive Species Database (2009) lists it as a pest in France, Germany, La ...
Habitat conservation
Habitat conservation is a land management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitat areas for wild plants and animals, especially conservation reliant species, and prevent their extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range. It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology.