Matrix and Edge Effects on the Maintenance of Ecological Function
... Tropical forest has experienced extensive loss, historically covering approximately 12 percent of global land area and today occupying less than 5 percent of the Earth’s surface (Hansen et al. 2013). Tropical forests are the most biodiverse systems on Earth, supporting greater than 60% of all known ...
... Tropical forest has experienced extensive loss, historically covering approximately 12 percent of global land area and today occupying less than 5 percent of the Earth’s surface (Hansen et al. 2013). Tropical forests are the most biodiverse systems on Earth, supporting greater than 60% of all known ...
Giant Clams - Deepak Apte
... All Giant Clams found in Lakshadweep prefer to anchor on two species of corals, Porites lutea and Porites solida. In the absence of these two species, Giant Clams will not be able to survive. Interestingly, Giant Clams occupy a specific niche on a coral reef. High wave action, especially in monsoon ...
... All Giant Clams found in Lakshadweep prefer to anchor on two species of corals, Porites lutea and Porites solida. In the absence of these two species, Giant Clams will not be able to survive. Interestingly, Giant Clams occupy a specific niche on a coral reef. High wave action, especially in monsoon ...
Criterion 1 Conservation of biological diversity
... thousand species have been described. Of the described species, about 92% of the plants, 87% of the mammals and 45% of the birds are endemic—that is, found only in Australia. An important measure of species diversity is the number of forest-dwelling species, which are species that may use forest hab ...
... thousand species have been described. Of the described species, about 92% of the plants, 87% of the mammals and 45% of the birds are endemic—that is, found only in Australia. An important measure of species diversity is the number of forest-dwelling species, which are species that may use forest hab ...
Risk Assessment
... consequences of establishment) and are assigned ratings of high (risk is likely, or very likely, to occur), medium (there is a probability of negative impact), or low (risk is considered to be insignificant). In addition, a level of certainty is also assigned as a gradient from very certain (scienti ...
... consequences of establishment) and are assigned ratings of high (risk is likely, or very likely, to occur), medium (there is a probability of negative impact), or low (risk is considered to be insignificant). In addition, a level of certainty is also assigned as a gradient from very certain (scienti ...
Chapter 2: Affected Environment (existing condition)
... (Curnow 1969, Singer 1975, Singer 1979, Flath 1979, Day 1981, Ream and Mattson 1982). Most are thought to have been dispersers from Canada and little to no successful breeding activity was evidenced or sustained consistently through time since the 1930s. It is also possible that wolf-hybrids were be ...
... (Curnow 1969, Singer 1975, Singer 1979, Flath 1979, Day 1981, Ream and Mattson 1982). Most are thought to have been dispersers from Canada and little to no successful breeding activity was evidenced or sustained consistently through time since the 1930s. It is also possible that wolf-hybrids were be ...
Sympatric prey responses to lethal top
... a variety of interacting biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic causes such as land use change, climatic change, invasive species and novel disease [1-3]. Unbalanced ecosystems with disproportionately high densities of some fauna (e.g. herbivores and mid-sized or mesopredators) can exacerbate the rate of ...
... a variety of interacting biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic causes such as land use change, climatic change, invasive species and novel disease [1-3]. Unbalanced ecosystems with disproportionately high densities of some fauna (e.g. herbivores and mid-sized or mesopredators) can exacerbate the rate of ...
Recruitment facilitation can promote coexistence and buffer population growth in metacommunities
... 2002; Bruno et al. 2003; but see Klausmeier 2001). To rectify this discrepancy, recent reviews have called for the inclusion of positive interactions into ecological theory (Bertness & Callaway 1994; Hacker & Gaines 1997; Bruno et al. 2003; Brooker et al. 2008). Here, we extend metacommunity theory ...
... 2002; Bruno et al. 2003; but see Klausmeier 2001). To rectify this discrepancy, recent reviews have called for the inclusion of positive interactions into ecological theory (Bertness & Callaway 1994; Hacker & Gaines 1997; Bruno et al. 2003; Brooker et al. 2008). Here, we extend metacommunity theory ...
Australian Government
... 1982), each of about four kittens, however, few kittens survive (Denny & Dickman, 2010 provide a review of all the studies estimating litter size). Cats can be grouped into categories according to how and where they live. The definitions and categories used vary widely, so the following terms are us ...
... 1982), each of about four kittens, however, few kittens survive (Denny & Dickman, 2010 provide a review of all the studies estimating litter size). Cats can be grouped into categories according to how and where they live. The definitions and categories used vary widely, so the following terms are us ...
this thesis - Waddenacademie
... that with a six metre wide salt marsh in front, a six metre high seawall would be sufficient to protect the hinterland, whereas in the absence of a salt marsh the seawall should be 12 metre high (King & Lester 1995). As building and maintaining seawalls is expensive there are obviously great economi ...
... that with a six metre wide salt marsh in front, a six metre high seawall would be sufficient to protect the hinterland, whereas in the absence of a salt marsh the seawall should be 12 metre high (King & Lester 1995). As building and maintaining seawalls is expensive there are obviously great economi ...
Seed size and plant strategy across the whole life cycle
... Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State St, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, California, CA 93101, USA. ...
... Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State St, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, California, CA 93101, USA. ...
Ecological enhancement of an aphid parasitoid
... Field surveys of natural aphid populations in a wheat Triticum aestivum (L.) (c.v. Otane) (Gramineae) field showed that proximity to floral buckwheat patches, distance to the nearest edge or the leeward end of the field were not significantly correlated with rates of parasitism. These variables were ...
... Field surveys of natural aphid populations in a wheat Triticum aestivum (L.) (c.v. Otane) (Gramineae) field showed that proximity to floral buckwheat patches, distance to the nearest edge or the leeward end of the field were not significantly correlated with rates of parasitism. These variables were ...
Disturbance and Diversity in Low-Productivity
... should affect its response and sensitivity to ecological disturbances like fire, herbivory, and soil disturbance. Plant stature and life form, biomass, rates of growth, and plant palatability are all influenced by habitat productivity, and these factors play key roles in determining disturbance freq ...
... should affect its response and sensitivity to ecological disturbances like fire, herbivory, and soil disturbance. Plant stature and life form, biomass, rates of growth, and plant palatability are all influenced by habitat productivity, and these factors play key roles in determining disturbance freq ...
paper01 1..5
... Most knowledge about female rearing behaviour and kitten development in felids has been compiled from captive animals (e.g. Foreman, 1997; Mansard, 1997), or from the more easily observable domestic cat (Leyhausen, 1979; Turner & Bateson, 1988). However, environmental conditions experienced by felid ...
... Most knowledge about female rearing behaviour and kitten development in felids has been compiled from captive animals (e.g. Foreman, 1997; Mansard, 1997), or from the more easily observable domestic cat (Leyhausen, 1979; Turner & Bateson, 1988). However, environmental conditions experienced by felid ...
now - Tapir Specialist Group
... We are also planning a major zoo campaign directed at tapir holders worldwide, but particularly in the United States and Europe, to seek contributions, as has been done for other taxonomic groups in the past. Ideally we would have the support of the AZA and EAZA Tapir TAGs for organizing and conduct ...
... We are also planning a major zoo campaign directed at tapir holders worldwide, but particularly in the United States and Europe, to seek contributions, as has been done for other taxonomic groups in the past. Ideally we would have the support of the AZA and EAZA Tapir TAGs for organizing and conduct ...
Australia`s State of the Forests Report
... jurisdictions. Birds are the taxonomic group with the largest number of programs in place to track population trends. The monitoring efforts of state and territory agencies are supplemented by a large-scale investment by non-government organisations. ...
... jurisdictions. Birds are the taxonomic group with the largest number of programs in place to track population trends. The monitoring efforts of state and territory agencies are supplemented by a large-scale investment by non-government organisations. ...
Word - 154 KB - Department of the Environment
... native species (Schwarzkopf & Alford 1996). However, most negative effects on native amphibians (at both larval and adult stages) are likely as a result of toad toxicity and behavioural interference than direct competition for resources (Williamson 1999, Greenlees et al 2007, Pizzatto and Shine 2009 ...
... native species (Schwarzkopf & Alford 1996). However, most negative effects on native amphibians (at both larval and adult stages) are likely as a result of toad toxicity and behavioural interference than direct competition for resources (Williamson 1999, Greenlees et al 2007, Pizzatto and Shine 2009 ...
Experimental conWrmation of multiple community states in a marine
... in natural ecosystems must contain several distinct requirements that are rarely met. First, experimental manipulations must be used to show that the same site could be occupied by diVerent self-replacing communities (Peterson 1984). In addition, the manipulations must be pulse perturbations (sensu ...
... in natural ecosystems must contain several distinct requirements that are rarely met. First, experimental manipulations must be used to show that the same site could be occupied by diVerent self-replacing communities (Peterson 1984). In addition, the manipulations must be pulse perturbations (sensu ...
The Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) in Norway: Exploring the
... there has been few published time series data involving Lapwings (Byrkjedal et al., 2012). Assessments made in the period 1990-2003 place the number of breeding Lapwing pairs in the country between 40,000 and 80,000 (BirdLife International, 2004), although there are no quantitative data to back up t ...
... there has been few published time series data involving Lapwings (Byrkjedal et al., 2012). Assessments made in the period 1990-2003 place the number of breeding Lapwing pairs in the country between 40,000 and 80,000 (BirdLife International, 2004), although there are no quantitative data to back up t ...
Chapter 36 – Communities and Ecosystems
... B. Conservation a. Biodiversity- variety of life forms on Earth i. 1.5 million described species. 5-15 million total. ii. Biodiversity hotspots (20% of species in 1% of land area) (Fig. 38.11) 1. Coral reefs (Fig. 38.2B) 2. Rainforests (warmer, wetter regions) iii. Value 1. Medicine – e.g. rosy peri ...
... B. Conservation a. Biodiversity- variety of life forms on Earth i. 1.5 million described species. 5-15 million total. ii. Biodiversity hotspots (20% of species in 1% of land area) (Fig. 38.11) 1. Coral reefs (Fig. 38.2B) 2. Rainforests (warmer, wetter regions) iii. Value 1. Medicine – e.g. rosy peri ...
algae, calcified
... Calcareous red algae have left behind a fossil record that extends back to Precambrian times (over million years ago). Thus, their evolutionary history exceeds that of most extant organisms. During the Paleozoic era (– million years ago), a variety of calcified articulated and crustose taxa ...
... Calcareous red algae have left behind a fossil record that extends back to Precambrian times (over million years ago). Thus, their evolutionary history exceeds that of most extant organisms. During the Paleozoic era (– million years ago), a variety of calcified articulated and crustose taxa ...
effects of algal and herbivore diversity on the partitioning of biomass
... tioned, reflect the availability of limiting resources (Holt et al. 1994). Other studies treat diversity as an independent rather than a dependent variable, and emphasize the importance of species diversity in determining the total biomass and productivity of a system (Loreau et al. 2001, Hector and ...
... tioned, reflect the availability of limiting resources (Holt et al. 1994). Other studies treat diversity as an independent rather than a dependent variable, and emphasize the importance of species diversity in determining the total biomass and productivity of a system (Loreau et al. 2001, Hector and ...
Maintaining Complex Relations with Large Cats: Maasai
... for their strength and bravery. Today, many ilmurran work away from home at paid jobs and/or are pursuing education (May & McCabe, 2004; McCabe, 2003). Despite these changes, ilmurran are often still expected to protect cattle and be actively involved in olamayio although it is now illegal in Kenya ...
... for their strength and bravery. Today, many ilmurran work away from home at paid jobs and/or are pursuing education (May & McCabe, 2004; McCabe, 2003). Despite these changes, ilmurran are often still expected to protect cattle and be actively involved in olamayio although it is now illegal in Kenya ...
Abstracts for the AOU/COS/SCO Meeting, 2014
... as nest substrate in habitats in which oaks were a major component. Nest survival rates differed among years, decreased with nest age and distance to road or fire break, increased with nest concealment, and in a delayed leaf-out year, survival rates were lower before leaf-out of the dominant nest ve ...
... as nest substrate in habitats in which oaks were a major component. Nest survival rates differed among years, decreased with nest age and distance to road or fire break, increased with nest concealment, and in a delayed leaf-out year, survival rates were lower before leaf-out of the dominant nest ve ...
PhD-thesis - bibsys brage
... patterns influence individuals, populations and, ultimately, ecosystem dynamics (Tilman and Kareiva, 1997). Due to the rapid changes induced by humans on earth, a major field of spatial ecology focuses on identifying threats caused by humans (e.g. habitat loss and fragmentation) on free-ranging popu ...
... patterns influence individuals, populations and, ultimately, ecosystem dynamics (Tilman and Kareiva, 1997). Due to the rapid changes induced by humans on earth, a major field of spatial ecology focuses on identifying threats caused by humans (e.g. habitat loss and fragmentation) on free-ranging popu ...
The Mineral Nutrition of Wild Plants Revisited: A Re
... Klein, 1988), although this ratio varies considerably among species. This suggests that plants should absorb (on a mass basis) about 10 times more N than P to promote balanced plant growth. Deviations from this ratio should, therefore, lead to N- or P-limited plant growth (see below). Nutrient limit ...
... Klein, 1988), although this ratio varies considerably among species. This suggests that plants should absorb (on a mass basis) about 10 times more N than P to promote balanced plant growth. Deviations from this ratio should, therefore, lead to N- or P-limited plant growth (see below). Nutrient limit ...
Habitat conservation
Habitat conservation is a land management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitat areas for wild plants and animals, especially conservation reliant species, and prevent their extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range. It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology.