Diversity, evolutionary specialization and geographic distribution of
... The genus Macaranga comprises the full range from species not ant-inhabited but myrmecophilic, to occasionally colonized species, to obligate ant-plants (review in Fiala, 1996). Most myrmecophytic Macaranga species offer nesting space for ants inside internodes which become hollow by themselves due ...
... The genus Macaranga comprises the full range from species not ant-inhabited but myrmecophilic, to occasionally colonized species, to obligate ant-plants (review in Fiala, 1996). Most myrmecophytic Macaranga species offer nesting space for ants inside internodes which become hollow by themselves due ...
The contributions of livestock species and breeds to
... Regulating services are the benefits humans obtain from the internal ecosystem processes that regulate our environment, such as the fertility of soils. People do not consume them directly. We are often unaware of them, yet they are vital in sustaining nature’s provision of food and other products. I ...
... Regulating services are the benefits humans obtain from the internal ecosystem processes that regulate our environment, such as the fertility of soils. People do not consume them directly. We are often unaware of them, yet they are vital in sustaining nature’s provision of food and other products. I ...
Interspecific Competition and Species` Distributions
... Neither of these first two groups of pawe can dismiss Diamond's (1978) claim that ecologists were not studying interspe- pers could be said to be directly motivated cific competition before 1959. There is not by theory at all. even any reasonable temporal trend in the 3. Successionists, in the sense ...
... Neither of these first two groups of pawe can dismiss Diamond's (1978) claim that ecologists were not studying interspe- pers could be said to be directly motivated cific competition before 1959. There is not by theory at all. even any reasonable temporal trend in the 3. Successionists, in the sense ...
Low biodiversity state persists two decades after cessation of nutrient enrichment
... observed lack of recovery depended on neighbour plot richness (Hawthorne 2012), which was quantified as the mean number of species in all adjacent plots (including up to eight plots along the four edges and at the four corners of a plot completely surrounded by other plots). Movement of plants betwe ...
... observed lack of recovery depended on neighbour plot richness (Hawthorne 2012), which was quantified as the mean number of species in all adjacent plots (including up to eight plots along the four edges and at the four corners of a plot completely surrounded by other plots). Movement of plants betwe ...
Crab burrows and termite thermal chimneys as
... large area of the RPPN SESC Pantanal was burned (in October–November 2010) prior to some of the observations of this study, which enabled us to see the crab gallery entrances and document the survival of frogs that found refuge inside. Survival of L. areolatus that used crayfish burrows during fires ...
... large area of the RPPN SESC Pantanal was burned (in October–November 2010) prior to some of the observations of this study, which enabled us to see the crab gallery entrances and document the survival of frogs that found refuge inside. Survival of L. areolatus that used crayfish burrows during fires ...
Ambiguous, circular and polysemous: students
... The notion of a “balance” in nature predates the existence of ecology as a scientific discipline and was a central idea for the emerging science (Cuddington, 2001). Balance of nature (BON) ideas emerged from religious assumptions of a divinely determined stability in natural systems. Prior to Darwin ...
... The notion of a “balance” in nature predates the existence of ecology as a scientific discipline and was a central idea for the emerging science (Cuddington, 2001). Balance of nature (BON) ideas emerged from religious assumptions of a divinely determined stability in natural systems. Prior to Darwin ...
populations
... • Competitive exclusion principle: species cannot survive competition if they compete directly in many respects • In simple habitats with species needing the same resources ...
... • Competitive exclusion principle: species cannot survive competition if they compete directly in many respects • In simple habitats with species needing the same resources ...
Indirect Effects in - Department of Knowledge Technologies
... Experimental approach - densities of individual species are manipulated (e.g., by total removal) in microcosms or experimental plots, and statistical analysis (e.g., ANOVA, ANCOVA) are subsequently applied to estimate the magnitude of indirect effects of manipulations on densities of other species. ...
... Experimental approach - densities of individual species are manipulated (e.g., by total removal) in microcosms or experimental plots, and statistical analysis (e.g., ANOVA, ANCOVA) are subsequently applied to estimate the magnitude of indirect effects of manipulations on densities of other species. ...
Recreational angling markets to advance the conservation of a
... believed that they may be preyed on opportunistically by crocodile species where present. Mahseer have substantial importance culturally, as a source of food and as a target for recreational angling. Dependence on a network of connected habitats from larger lowland waters through to spawning headwat ...
... believed that they may be preyed on opportunistically by crocodile species where present. Mahseer have substantial importance culturally, as a source of food and as a target for recreational angling. Dependence on a network of connected habitats from larger lowland waters through to spawning headwat ...
Viola, D., E. Mordecai, A. Jaramillo, S. Sistla, L
... strong empirical support that species’ responses to the experimental manipulations conform to our expectations about resource and consumer limitation (17–19). For example, competitive ability of 27 grassland species was negatively correlated with their increase in abundance along a fertilization gra ...
... strong empirical support that species’ responses to the experimental manipulations conform to our expectations about resource and consumer limitation (17–19). For example, competitive ability of 27 grassland species was negatively correlated with their increase in abundance along a fertilization gra ...
An investigation into the effects of tourist related disturbances on
... Along with environmental conventions and the activities of other organisations, more general practises are evolving that aid in parrot conservation, due to the growing international concern over the destruction of the world’s tropical rainforests (Smyth et al 2004). Measures are being taken to reduc ...
... Along with environmental conventions and the activities of other organisations, more general practises are evolving that aid in parrot conservation, due to the growing international concern over the destruction of the world’s tropical rainforests (Smyth et al 2004). Measures are being taken to reduc ...
Joint Presentation on Bushmeat Pilot Project Implementation by
... several articles over Southern Sudan media. • 14 trucks donated by GOSS to the MWCT for anti poaching. • Teachers Training Institute willing to form partnership to include bushmeat issue in the curriculum. • Teachers committed to include bushmeat issues in syllabus, establish wildlife club, and incl ...
... several articles over Southern Sudan media. • 14 trucks donated by GOSS to the MWCT for anti poaching. • Teachers Training Institute willing to form partnership to include bushmeat issue in the curriculum. • Teachers committed to include bushmeat issues in syllabus, establish wildlife club, and incl ...
Benthic Communities and Habitats
... Environmental values supported by benthic communities and habitats and their significance Benthic communities and habitats play important roles in maintaining the integrity of marine ecosystems and the ecological services they supply. There is strong evidence that the presence of benthic communities ...
... Environmental values supported by benthic communities and habitats and their significance Benthic communities and habitats play important roles in maintaining the integrity of marine ecosystems and the ecological services they supply. There is strong evidence that the presence of benthic communities ...
View plan for Opaelua Lower Management Unit
... • Assess if the percent cover for both the native understory and canopy is 50% or more across the entire management unit (Makua Implementation Team et al. 2003). • If native species cover is not below the 50% threshold, determine if this value is increased significantly toward that goal based on rep ...
... • Assess if the percent cover for both the native understory and canopy is 50% or more across the entire management unit (Makua Implementation Team et al. 2003). • If native species cover is not below the 50% threshold, determine if this value is increased significantly toward that goal based on rep ...
Flowering patterns in a seasonal tropical lowland forest in Western
... ecosystems since some studies have documented changes in ecological processes, such as fruit abundance, in association with weather anomalies over the past decades (Chapman et al. 2005, Wright & Calderon 2006). Although the evidence suggests that natural ecological patterns may be severely modified ...
... ecosystems since some studies have documented changes in ecological processes, such as fruit abundance, in association with weather anomalies over the past decades (Chapman et al. 2005, Wright & Calderon 2006). Although the evidence suggests that natural ecological patterns may be severely modified ...
Genetic Conservation of the Grey Wolf
... In recent years there has been an increased interest in environmental preservation and restoration. Part of this includes ensuring that the ecosystems of concern are as healthy and functional as possible. An important part of the health of any ecosystem is the effect of apex predators. For most of ...
... In recent years there has been an increased interest in environmental preservation and restoration. Part of this includes ensuring that the ecosystems of concern are as healthy and functional as possible. An important part of the health of any ecosystem is the effect of apex predators. For most of ...
University of Groningen Holism and reductionism in biology
... individuals may fall a prey to all sorts of predators, parasites or diseases. All such factors may result in there being at some moment more deaths than births such that population growth decreases or becomes negative (that is, r = (l - m) becomes negative). The simplest additional assumption that c ...
... individuals may fall a prey to all sorts of predators, parasites or diseases. All such factors may result in there being at some moment more deaths than births such that population growth decreases or becomes negative (that is, r = (l - m) becomes negative). The simplest additional assumption that c ...
- Wiley Online Library
... habitats. However, little is known about the ecological effects of pathogen accumulation on nonnative invasive plants. 2. Pathogen accumulation on invasive plant species may result from ecological processes such as high plant densities, expanding geographical ranges and pathogen dispersal from the n ...
... habitats. However, little is known about the ecological effects of pathogen accumulation on nonnative invasive plants. 2. Pathogen accumulation on invasive plant species may result from ecological processes such as high plant densities, expanding geographical ranges and pathogen dispersal from the n ...
Why Do Some Tropical Forests Have So Many Species of Trees?
... Therefore, most tree species have some setting in which they can increase when rare. Trees face trade-offs in suitability for different microhabitats, different-sized clearings, different soils and climates, and resistance to different pests. These trade-offs underlie the mechanisms maintaining a-di ...
... Therefore, most tree species have some setting in which they can increase when rare. Trees face trade-offs in suitability for different microhabitats, different-sized clearings, different soils and climates, and resistance to different pests. These trade-offs underlie the mechanisms maintaining a-di ...
Consumers Control Diversity and Functioning of a Natural Marine
... recorded the O2 concentration again and then allowed a 1 h light incubation before taking a third O2 measurement. We multiplied productivity rates by the volume of each tide pool. Differences between the first and second O2 measurements provided an estimate of respiration rates (mg O2 h21), and diff ...
... recorded the O2 concentration again and then allowed a 1 h light incubation before taking a third O2 measurement. We multiplied productivity rates by the volume of each tide pool. Differences between the first and second O2 measurements provided an estimate of respiration rates (mg O2 h21), and diff ...
Trade-offs and Biological Diversity: Integrative Answers to
... future (e.g., predicted adaptive responses; Gluckman et al. 2005). Phenotypic plasticity frequently mirrors heritable variation among populations and species (e.g., Ruell et al. 2013), and can have similar consequences for the abundances and distributions of species because it can determine the rela ...
... future (e.g., predicted adaptive responses; Gluckman et al. 2005). Phenotypic plasticity frequently mirrors heritable variation among populations and species (e.g., Ruell et al. 2013), and can have similar consequences for the abundances and distributions of species because it can determine the rela ...
An Integrated Strategy for Grassland Easement Acquisition in the
... spatial distribution of protected grasslands before and after implementation of the USFWS conservation strategy in 2005 (Fisher and Dills 2012). The null hypothesis predicted no change in the distribution of grassland easements relative to the priority classes in the period before (pre-2005) and aft ...
... spatial distribution of protected grasslands before and after implementation of the USFWS conservation strategy in 2005 (Fisher and Dills 2012). The null hypothesis predicted no change in the distribution of grassland easements relative to the priority classes in the period before (pre-2005) and aft ...
Rangeland Weed Management - KSRE Bookstore
... temperature of nearby grass plants, which increases water ...
... temperature of nearby grass plants, which increases water ...
The role of foxes and feral cats in faunal decline
... (roosting in trees at night and an escape response to terrestrial predators of flying into trees to hang upside down from a clump of leaves!). Just as recent research on numbats has changed the perception of the relative importance on fox predation to that derived from research in the 1950s so recen ...
... (roosting in trees at night and an escape response to terrestrial predators of flying into trees to hang upside down from a clump of leaves!). Just as recent research on numbats has changed the perception of the relative importance on fox predation to that derived from research in the 1950s so recen ...
Natural enemy interactions constrain pest control in complex
... seminatural habitats may also promote higher pest populations in addition to enemies (14). In the absence of negative interactions with other guilds, we show that high rates of control by flying insects occur in complex landscapes (6, 24), in agreement with their frequently higher densities in comple ...
... seminatural habitats may also promote higher pest populations in addition to enemies (14). In the absence of negative interactions with other guilds, we show that high rates of control by flying insects occur in complex landscapes (6, 24), in agreement with their frequently higher densities in comple ...
Habitat conservation
Habitat conservation is a land management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitat areas for wild plants and animals, especially conservation reliant species, and prevent their extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range. It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology.