Temi di Discussione
... the ones utilised in previous studies on specific areas or countries (among others Amador et al., 2015, and Iossifov, 2014). More in detail, we break down gross export flows between value added activated by final internal demand around the world and intermediate trade activated by international prod ...
... the ones utilised in previous studies on specific areas or countries (among others Amador et al., 2015, and Iossifov, 2014). More in detail, we break down gross export flows between value added activated by final internal demand around the world and intermediate trade activated by international prod ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CAPITAL GOODS IMPORTS AND LONG-RUN GROWFH Jong-Wha Lee
... This paper presents an endogenous growth model of an open economy in which the growth rate of income is higher if foreign capital goods are used relatively more than domestic capital goods for the production of capital stock. Empirical results, using cross country data for the period 1960-85, confir ...
... This paper presents an endogenous growth model of an open economy in which the growth rate of income is higher if foreign capital goods are used relatively more than domestic capital goods for the production of capital stock. Empirical results, using cross country data for the period 1960-85, confir ...
Document
... An increase in demand leads to an increase in production and a corresponding increase in income. The end result is an increase in output that is larger than the initial shift in demand, by a factor equal to the multiplier. To estimate the value of the multiplier, and more generally, to estimate ...
... An increase in demand leads to an increase in production and a corresponding increase in income. The end result is an increase in output that is larger than the initial shift in demand, by a factor equal to the multiplier. To estimate the value of the multiplier, and more generally, to estimate ...
Chapter 3: The Goods Market
... An increase in demand leads to an increase in production and a corresponding increase in income. The end result is an increase in output that is larger than the initial shift in demand, by a factor equal to the multiplier. To estimate the value of the multiplier, and more generally, to estimate ...
... An increase in demand leads to an increase in production and a corresponding increase in income. The end result is an increase in output that is larger than the initial shift in demand, by a factor equal to the multiplier. To estimate the value of the multiplier, and more generally, to estimate ...
Global Value Chains and Development: Investment and
... along GVCs, “leapfrogging” and “competing” via GVCs. The best development outcome may result from increasing GVC participation and upgrading along GVCs at the same time. Countries that, over the last 20 years, managed to grow both their participation in GVCs and their domestic value added in exports ...
... along GVCs, “leapfrogging” and “competing” via GVCs. The best development outcome may result from increasing GVC participation and upgrading along GVCs at the same time. Countries that, over the last 20 years, managed to grow both their participation in GVCs and their domestic value added in exports ...
Regional Integration Options for Central America and the Caribbean
... $0.5 billion in 1989 (Schoepfle and Parez-L6pez 1992). U.S. investors have played a particularly important role in developing the apparel export industry in the Caribbean Basin, mainly due to special provisions allowing for production-sharing arrangements. In both Jamaica and Honduras, for example, ...
... $0.5 billion in 1989 (Schoepfle and Parez-L6pez 1992). U.S. investors have played a particularly important role in developing the apparel export industry in the Caribbean Basin, mainly due to special provisions allowing for production-sharing arrangements. In both Jamaica and Honduras, for example, ...
Chapter 5
... – Import-biased growth for China would occur in sectors that compete with U.S. exports. ...
... – Import-biased growth for China would occur in sectors that compete with U.S. exports. ...
Demystifying modelling methods for trade policy
... In recent years, quantitative analysis of the effects of policies on economic outcomes has grown sharply. These exercises in quantification have been made possible by advances in theory and analytical techniques, and no less importantly, by the dramatically increased computational and data processing ...
... In recent years, quantitative analysis of the effects of policies on economic outcomes has grown sharply. These exercises in quantification have been made possible by advances in theory and analytical techniques, and no less importantly, by the dramatically increased computational and data processing ...
East-West Economic and Financial Linkages in Europe
... an important role in Europe, but there is little evidence that they are being ramped up there as they are in Asia. The importance of crossborder production chains can be measured by the size of trade in intermediate goods.50 In intraEuropean trade, they account for about 7 percent of GDP, which is h ...
... an important role in Europe, but there is little evidence that they are being ramped up there as they are in Asia. The importance of crossborder production chains can be measured by the size of trade in intermediate goods.50 In intraEuropean trade, they account for about 7 percent of GDP, which is h ...
Impact of Six EU Free Trade Agreements on the Dutch Economy
... model (2.1), the way we model FTAs (2.2), and the input-output model (2.3). The technical details are described in the appendices. Section 3 describes the gravity model results and the estimated impact on bilateral trade, trade with third countries, and real GDP for all countries. We find that the i ...
... model (2.1), the way we model FTAs (2.2), and the input-output model (2.3). The technical details are described in the appendices. Section 3 describes the gravity model results and the estimated impact on bilateral trade, trade with third countries, and real GDP for all countries. We find that the i ...
Trade and Inequality: A Review of the Literature Edward N. Wolff
... technologies and specialize in different goods. Specialization in the production of a good, due to comparative advantage in production, will allow a country to export goods for which it has a comparative advantage, and import goods in which it does not, thus allowing both countries to gain from trad ...
... technologies and specialize in different goods. Specialization in the production of a good, due to comparative advantage in production, will allow a country to export goods for which it has a comparative advantage, and import goods in which it does not, thus allowing both countries to gain from trad ...
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
... less disposal of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. Change in inventories: The value of the entries into inventories less the value of withdrawals and less the value of any recurrent losses of goods held in inventories during the accounting period, inc ...
... less disposal of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. Change in inventories: The value of the entries into inventories less the value of withdrawals and less the value of any recurrent losses of goods held in inventories during the accounting period, inc ...
Economic Growth with Trade in Factors of Production
... Does trade promote economic growth? Romer’s (1986) seminal article on endogenous growth theory provided economists with the proper framework for addressing that important question. Investigators soon started using that framework to study the growth e¤ects of trade. Among the early contributions were ...
... Does trade promote economic growth? Romer’s (1986) seminal article on endogenous growth theory provided economists with the proper framework for addressing that important question. Investigators soon started using that framework to study the growth e¤ects of trade. Among the early contributions were ...
Import tariffs
... doesn’t change, B will envy and export too • At a result, no firm will supply the domestic market. • Consumers have to pay Pw+s to get the exportable. • In contrast to a tariff, an export subsidy worsens the terms of trade by lowering the price of domestic products in world markets. ...
... doesn’t change, B will envy and export too • At a result, no firm will supply the domestic market. • Consumers have to pay Pw+s to get the exportable. • In contrast to a tariff, an export subsidy worsens the terms of trade by lowering the price of domestic products in world markets. ...
Globalization, Europeanization and Trade in the 1990s
... process of Europeanization, economic integration has been used as the key vehicle to achieve more fundamental integration in Europe. For economists interested in the world economy, the trends towards increased Globalization and Europeanization have broadened the scope of academic enquiry, increased ...
... process of Europeanization, economic integration has been used as the key vehicle to achieve more fundamental integration in Europe. For economists interested in the world economy, the trends towards increased Globalization and Europeanization have broadened the scope of academic enquiry, increased ...
Openness, country size and government
... show that government consumption, as a share of GDP, is smaller in larger countries. We next confirm the observation that small countries tend to be more open to international trade. These two facts, taken together, may account for the observation that open countries have larger governments. In a re ...
... show that government consumption, as a share of GDP, is smaller in larger countries. We next confirm the observation that small countries tend to be more open to international trade. These two facts, taken together, may account for the observation that open countries have larger governments. In a re ...
Diversification through Trade
... for a diverse group of countries to quantitatively assess how changes in trading costs since the early 1970s have a¤ected GDP volatility.2 The quantitative exercise uses as inputs the stochastic properties of country-speci…c sectoral productivity shocks, which we back out from the model on the basi ...
... for a diverse group of countries to quantitatively assess how changes in trading costs since the early 1970s have a¤ected GDP volatility.2 The quantitative exercise uses as inputs the stochastic properties of country-speci…c sectoral productivity shocks, which we back out from the model on the basi ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE OPEN ECONOMY: IMPLICATIONS FOR FISCAL Stanley Fischer
... reductions in imports of semi—finished goods and exports of agricultural goods following the tariff, suggesting that the fact that bank failures in 1930 and 1931 were concentrated in agricultural regions was in part a consequence of the ...
... reductions in imports of semi—finished goods and exports of agricultural goods following the tariff, suggesting that the fact that bank failures in 1930 and 1931 were concentrated in agricultural regions was in part a consequence of the ...
Trimble_Scheleur
... • Meet with the major data users, Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) • Compare what respondents are reporting with data user needs and expectations. • Design new inventory questions. • Test and implement new designs. ...
... • Meet with the major data users, Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) • Compare what respondents are reporting with data user needs and expectations. • Design new inventory questions. • Test and implement new designs. ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE RICARDIAN APPROACH TO BUDGET DEFICITS
... Robert J, Barro Department of Economicts Harvard University ...
... Robert J, Barro Department of Economicts Harvard University ...
Economic environment - World Trade Organization
... to an increase in private and public consumption (Table I.2).9 The Central Bank of Bahrain (CBB) was established on 7 September 2006, replacing the Bahrain Monetary Agency (BMA).10 The CBB carries out all the tasks previously undertaken by the BMA, but has wider enforcement powers.11 The ...
... to an increase in private and public consumption (Table I.2).9 The Central Bank of Bahrain (CBB) was established on 7 September 2006, replacing the Bahrain Monetary Agency (BMA).10 The CBB carries out all the tasks previously undertaken by the BMA, but has wider enforcement powers.11 The ...
Download, PDF, 321 KB
... are present and active. The key di¤erence of our approach in comparison with existing closedeconomy approaches is that we allow for a setting with many countries which are integrated through trade. But, crucially, and in contrast to open-economy models such as Matsuyama (1992), trade is not costless ...
... are present and active. The key di¤erence of our approach in comparison with existing closedeconomy approaches is that we allow for a setting with many countries which are integrated through trade. But, crucially, and in contrast to open-economy models such as Matsuyama (1992), trade is not costless ...
exchange rate
... FIGURE 20.1 Determining Equilibrium Output in an Open Economy In a., planned investment spending (I), government spending (G), and total exports (EX) are added to consumption (C) to arrive at planned aggregate expenditure. However, C + I + G + EX includes spending on imports. In b., the amount imp ...
... FIGURE 20.1 Determining Equilibrium Output in an Open Economy In a., planned investment spending (I), government spending (G), and total exports (EX) are added to consumption (C) to arrive at planned aggregate expenditure. However, C + I + G + EX includes spending on imports. In b., the amount imp ...
Balance of trade
The commercial balance or net exports (sometimes symbolized as NX), is the difference between the monetary value of exports and imports of output in an economy over a certain period, measured in the currency of that economy. It is the relationship between a nation's imports and exports. A positive balance is known as a trade surplus if it consists of exporting more than is imported; a negative balance is referred to as a trade deficit or, informally, a trade gap. The balance of trade is sometimes divided into a goods and a services balance.