1 Principles of Macroeconomics, 9e
... A) in which the values of currencies were fixed in terms of a specific number of ounces of gold, which in turn determined their values in international trading. B) of floating exchange rates determined by the supply and demand of one nation's currency relative to the currency of other nations. C) of ...
... A) in which the values of currencies were fixed in terms of a specific number of ounces of gold, which in turn determined their values in international trading. B) of floating exchange rates determined by the supply and demand of one nation's currency relative to the currency of other nations. C) of ...
A Primer on the Nature of Business Cycles
... A practical illustration of such a phenomenon is that a person who wins a lottery and has a large increase in income, or a person who temporarily loses his job and has a decrease in income, rarely changes consumption purchases by an amount equal to the change in income but, instead, spreads the chan ...
... A practical illustration of such a phenomenon is that a person who wins a lottery and has a large increase in income, or a person who temporarily loses his job and has a decrease in income, rarely changes consumption purchases by an amount equal to the change in income but, instead, spreads the chan ...
Using Expenditure PPPs for Sectoral Output and Productivity
... London (O’Mahony 1999). Van Ark and Maddison (1994) and Maddison and van Ark (2002) provide an overview of the progress made in the early phase of this project through the research input of a dozen scholars and work on about 30 countries. More recently, sectoral output and productivity trends for a ...
... London (O’Mahony 1999). Van Ark and Maddison (1994) and Maddison and van Ark (2002) provide an overview of the progress made in the early phase of this project through the research input of a dozen scholars and work on about 30 countries. More recently, sectoral output and productivity trends for a ...
Chapter 25
... bring about growth. But markets can run into serious problems—markets can create recessions, inflation, and unemployment. Japan in the late 1990s and early 2000s is a good example. After a number of years of substantial growth, Japan’s economy fell into recession. Policymakers had to decide whether ...
... bring about growth. But markets can run into serious problems—markets can create recessions, inflation, and unemployment. Japan in the late 1990s and early 2000s is a good example. After a number of years of substantial growth, Japan’s economy fell into recession. Policymakers had to decide whether ...
the finnish economy 1860 -1985 - Helda
... Bank also arranged research premises and other facilities for the use of the project. Studies on economic growth provide extremely important information on the economy's long-term development and restructuring process. This study makes it possible for the first time to view economic restructuring ag ...
... Bank also arranged research premises and other facilities for the use of the project. Studies on economic growth provide extremely important information on the economy's long-term development and restructuring process. This study makes it possible for the first time to view economic restructuring ag ...
research paper series Research Paper 2006/33
... The role of foreign direct investment (FDI) in economic growth has been extensively studied in the literature. Endogenous growth theory emphasises the role of science and technology, human capital and externalities in economic development. It differs from the early post-Keynesian growth models which ...
... The role of foreign direct investment (FDI) in economic growth has been extensively studied in the literature. Endogenous growth theory emphasises the role of science and technology, human capital and externalities in economic development. It differs from the early post-Keynesian growth models which ...
A General Welfare Decomposition for CGE Models
... decomposed, in terms of the industry structure just outlined, into allocative efficiency, technical efficiency and endowment effects. It is at this stage that the market clearing conditions are critical. Finally, a residual term is obtained, which is zero if the conventional assumptions of CGE model ...
... decomposed, in terms of the industry structure just outlined, into allocative efficiency, technical efficiency and endowment effects. It is at this stage that the market clearing conditions are critical. Finally, a residual term is obtained, which is zero if the conventional assumptions of CGE model ...
Natural Resources Determining FDI in Nigeria: An Empirical
... study noted that the abrogation of the indigenization policy in 1995 significantly encouraged the flow of FDI into the country and that more effort is required in raising the nation’s economic growth so as to attract more FDI. Iyoha (2001) examined the effects of macroeconomic instability and uncert ...
... study noted that the abrogation of the indigenization policy in 1995 significantly encouraged the flow of FDI into the country and that more effort is required in raising the nation’s economic growth so as to attract more FDI. Iyoha (2001) examined the effects of macroeconomic instability and uncert ...
Foreign Direct Investment: South Africa’s Elixir of Life?
... This paper seeks to investigate the macroeconomic link between FDI and output, in the case of South Africa. And in so doing determine the possible benefits in terms of increased output due to an increase in the inflow of foreign direct investment. In order to do so, a supply-side macroeconometric mo ...
... This paper seeks to investigate the macroeconomic link between FDI and output, in the case of South Africa. And in so doing determine the possible benefits in terms of increased output due to an increase in the inflow of foreign direct investment. In order to do so, a supply-side macroeconometric mo ...
The CreaTive indusTries and The BriCs
... creative economy in the BRICS. Second, it proposes policies that will enhance and increase the activity of these creative sectors and industries. The review looks at both economic evidence (including trade statistics) and the existing policy framework in each country. Based on these observations, th ...
... creative economy in the BRICS. Second, it proposes policies that will enhance and increase the activity of these creative sectors and industries. The review looks at both economic evidence (including trade statistics) and the existing policy framework in each country. Based on these observations, th ...
Testing the Validity of the Triplet Deficit Hypothesis for Turkey
... accompanies this deficit, the twin deficit is valid in economics. If both of the internal economic balances have a deficit, the triple deficit is valid in economics. The relationship between the budget deficit and current account deficit is the subject of many studies in the literature. These studie ...
... accompanies this deficit, the twin deficit is valid in economics. If both of the internal economic balances have a deficit, the triple deficit is valid in economics. The relationship between the budget deficit and current account deficit is the subject of many studies in the literature. These studie ...
PDF
... hence in the wages spent on the local economy. Similarly, those industries supplying the fishing industry will realise a decline in demand for their products, with subsequent flow on effects to the rest of the economy (Heen and Flaaten 2007). Others argue that producing yields lower than the maximum ...
... hence in the wages spent on the local economy. Similarly, those industries supplying the fishing industry will realise a decline in demand for their products, with subsequent flow on effects to the rest of the economy (Heen and Flaaten 2007). Others argue that producing yields lower than the maximum ...
MB0026- Unit 1- Meaning And Importance Of Managerial Economics
... managerial problems and to take right decision at the right time. It provides the necessary conceptual, technical skills, toolbox of analysis and techniques of thinking and other such most modern tools and instruments like elasticity of demand and supply, cost and revenue, income and expenditure, pr ...
... managerial problems and to take right decision at the right time. It provides the necessary conceptual, technical skills, toolbox of analysis and techniques of thinking and other such most modern tools and instruments like elasticity of demand and supply, cost and revenue, income and expenditure, pr ...
The Impact of the EU-Moldova DCFTA on the Transnistrian Economy
... and much more ambitious than normal trade agreements, the DCFTA envisages an opening of the services sector and an alignment of Moldova’s competition law, procurement rules and intellectual property laws to European Union standards. In other words, the DCFTA would lead to wideranging changes in Mold ...
... and much more ambitious than normal trade agreements, the DCFTA envisages an opening of the services sector and an alignment of Moldova’s competition law, procurement rules and intellectual property laws to European Union standards. In other words, the DCFTA would lead to wideranging changes in Mold ...
as a PDF
... Mises to substantiate the C-F view that Mises makes this suggestion. It is true that Mises says that complex phenomena can only be studied by abstracting from change and then introducing an isolated factor to provoke change (p. 248). But this is not the same as saying that a purpose of ERE is to exp ...
... Mises to substantiate the C-F view that Mises makes this suggestion. It is true that Mises says that complex phenomena can only be studied by abstracting from change and then introducing an isolated factor to provoke change (p. 248). But this is not the same as saying that a purpose of ERE is to exp ...
International Trade Compliance Terms 01
... Absolute quotas mean that a limited number of units of specified merchandise can be entered or withdrawn for consumption during specified periods. 19 CFR Section 132.1(a). Once the quota or limit has been filled, you cannot import any more of these goods (unless you warehouse them or place them into ...
... Absolute quotas mean that a limited number of units of specified merchandise can be entered or withdrawn for consumption during specified periods. 19 CFR Section 132.1(a). Once the quota or limit has been filled, you cannot import any more of these goods (unless you warehouse them or place them into ...
Shadow Economies and Corruption All Over the World: New
... (3) to avoid having to meet certain legal labour market standards, such as minimum wages, maximum working hours, safety standards, etc., and (4) to avoid complying with certain administrative procedures, such as completing statistical questionnaires or other administrative forms. Hence, in this pape ...
... (3) to avoid having to meet certain legal labour market standards, such as minimum wages, maximum working hours, safety standards, etc., and (4) to avoid complying with certain administrative procedures, such as completing statistical questionnaires or other administrative forms. Hence, in this pape ...
ESTIMATING INFORMAL ECONOMY SHARE IN RUSSIAN REGIONS
... economic activities require energy for equipment, lightening, heating. Electricity consumption data is available from Rosstat with high level of details (regional, industrial dimensions). The simplest modification of electricity approach is called “Electricity consumption model” (ECM). It implies t ...
... economic activities require energy for equipment, lightening, heating. Electricity consumption data is available from Rosstat with high level of details (regional, industrial dimensions). The simplest modification of electricity approach is called “Electricity consumption model” (ECM). It implies t ...
The economic impact of the Tajo – Segura aqueduct
... potential variation in the volume of transported water on those activities. In order to calculate this measure, we have taken into account not only the direct effect, i.e., on the activities that receive transported water and use it within their production processes (for example, agriculture), but a ...
... potential variation in the volume of transported water on those activities. In order to calculate this measure, we have taken into account not only the direct effect, i.e., on the activities that receive transported water and use it within their production processes (for example, agriculture), but a ...
Chapter 7 Seven Foreign Direct Investment
... The radical view - the MNE is an instrument of imperialist domination and a tool for exploiting host countries to the exclusive benefit of their capitalist-imperialist home countries The radical view has been in retreat because of the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe the poor economic p ...
... The radical view - the MNE is an instrument of imperialist domination and a tool for exploiting host countries to the exclusive benefit of their capitalist-imperialist home countries The radical view has been in retreat because of the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe the poor economic p ...
Global Value Chain Participation and Recent Global Business Cycle
... international trade in recent decades. Different stages of production now are often conducted by multiple producers located in several countries, with parts and components crossing national borders multiple times. While the deficiency (i.e., due to trade in intermediates) of official trade statistic ...
... international trade in recent decades. Different stages of production now are often conducted by multiple producers located in several countries, with parts and components crossing national borders multiple times. While the deficiency (i.e., due to trade in intermediates) of official trade statistic ...
Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in the European
... complements. Yet Lipsey (2000) reports that there is little evidence of the impact of FDI on domestic capital formation Several cross-section studies have included a measure of FDI as a potential source of growth (see Blomstroem, Lipsey and Zejan, 1994 and Borenstein, De Gregorio and Lee, 1995 among ...
... complements. Yet Lipsey (2000) reports that there is little evidence of the impact of FDI on domestic capital formation Several cross-section studies have included a measure of FDI as a potential source of growth (see Blomstroem, Lipsey and Zejan, 1994 and Borenstein, De Gregorio and Lee, 1995 among ...
Economic impact of the use of radio spectrum in the UK
... indicating that consumer willingness to pay for broadcasting services (both for television and for radio services) was considerably higher than had previously been recorded. We attribute this increase partly to possible under-recording of consumer willingness to pay figures in previous studies and a ...
... indicating that consumer willingness to pay for broadcasting services (both for television and for radio services) was considerably higher than had previously been recorded. We attribute this increase partly to possible under-recording of consumer willingness to pay figures in previous studies and a ...
Input-Output Models for Impact Analysis:
... consider the estimates as upper bounds. Analysts can work around some of these assumptions of the RIMS II model by using a bill-of-goods approach, which uses the purchases of goods and services (including labor) by the initially affected industry (see appendix B). However, one drawback with this met ...
... consider the estimates as upper bounds. Analysts can work around some of these assumptions of the RIMS II model by using a bill-of-goods approach, which uses the purchases of goods and services (including labor) by the initially affected industry (see appendix B). However, one drawback with this met ...
Accumulation Regimes, Endogenous Desired
... invoked as the theoretical foundation of what was called in economic literature as "cooperative capitalism"; i.e. the idea that capitalists and workers could both benefit from a redistribution of income toward wages. The argument is that an increase in wage share would produce an increase in aggrega ...
... invoked as the theoretical foundation of what was called in economic literature as "cooperative capitalism"; i.e. the idea that capitalists and workers could both benefit from a redistribution of income toward wages. The argument is that an increase in wage share would produce an increase in aggrega ...