Biochemistry notes
... A. Most Common Elements 1. Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. 2. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. 3. Chemistry of carbon allows the formation of an enormous variety of organic molecules. ...
... A. Most Common Elements 1. Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. 2. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. 3. Chemistry of carbon allows the formation of an enormous variety of organic molecules. ...
Midterm 1 - Version A
... The common domain is likely non-functional in these enzymes The two enzymes could have evolved from a common protein The common domain will most likely be mutated in one of the proteins ...
... The common domain is likely non-functional in these enzymes The two enzymes could have evolved from a common protein The common domain will most likely be mutated in one of the proteins ...
Atom
... • What is the difference between a compound and a molecule? • A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements. All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds. • Molecular hydrogen (H2), mol ...
... • What is the difference between a compound and a molecule? • A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements. All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds. • Molecular hydrogen (H2), mol ...
Ch 3 Chemical Reactions 2013-Sept-08
... in water so they form a black mass in the deep ocean floor cracks. Chemical Reactions are the heart of Chemistry. This chapter is an introduction to symbols and chemical reactions. 3.1 Intro to Chemical Equations In the late 1770’s Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley coming from heating mercur ...
... in water so they form a black mass in the deep ocean floor cracks. Chemical Reactions are the heart of Chemistry. This chapter is an introduction to symbols and chemical reactions. 3.1 Intro to Chemical Equations In the late 1770’s Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley coming from heating mercur ...
Cell - My CCSD
... • Lipids are large biomolecules that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen. (ie. fats, oils, waxes) • They are insoluble in water because their molecules are nonpolar and are not attracted ...
... • Lipids are large biomolecules that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen. (ie. fats, oils, waxes) • They are insoluble in water because their molecules are nonpolar and are not attracted ...
Metabolism Part II: The tricarboxylic acid (TCA), citric acid, or Krebs
... This reaction is too complex for a single enzyme and is catalyzed by a pyruvate dehydrogenase complex which contains three enzymes and five coenzymes. Two of the enzymes catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions (pyruvate dehydrogenase and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase), and the third catalyzes the trans ...
... This reaction is too complex for a single enzyme and is catalyzed by a pyruvate dehydrogenase complex which contains three enzymes and five coenzymes. Two of the enzymes catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions (pyruvate dehydrogenase and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase), and the third catalyzes the trans ...
Mechanism of Enzyme Action
... the transamination & decarboxylation reactions of amino acid metabolism and in the utilization of pentose phosphates in the pentose phosphate pathway. • As a result of thiamine deficiency, Dysfunction occurs in the central and peripheral nervous system and other organs. ...
... the transamination & decarboxylation reactions of amino acid metabolism and in the utilization of pentose phosphates in the pentose phosphate pathway. • As a result of thiamine deficiency, Dysfunction occurs in the central and peripheral nervous system and other organs. ...
Slide 1
... • 20 amino acids total • 64 different mRNA codons in the genetic code • All organisms have the same genetic code for amino acids and proteins ...
... • 20 amino acids total • 64 different mRNA codons in the genetic code • All organisms have the same genetic code for amino acids and proteins ...
Probs 2 KEY 240 spr06
... Parallel beta sheets have strands that run in the same direction (both N to C). Antiparallel, they run in opposite directions (one is N to C, one C to N). Parallel sheets have evenly spaced hydrogen bonds. The H-bonds in antiparallel sheets alternately are narrow and widely spaced. The distortion in ...
... Parallel beta sheets have strands that run in the same direction (both N to C). Antiparallel, they run in opposite directions (one is N to C, one C to N). Parallel sheets have evenly spaced hydrogen bonds. The H-bonds in antiparallel sheets alternately are narrow and widely spaced. The distortion in ...
Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
... C) Ernest Rutherford D) William Thomson E) John Dalton 17. Alpha particles beamed at thin metal foil may A) pass directly through without changing direction B) be slightly diverted by attraction to electrons C) be reflected by direct contact with nuclei D) A and C E) A, B, and C 18. Which one of th ...
... C) Ernest Rutherford D) William Thomson E) John Dalton 17. Alpha particles beamed at thin metal foil may A) pass directly through without changing direction B) be slightly diverted by attraction to electrons C) be reflected by direct contact with nuclei D) A and C E) A, B, and C 18. Which one of th ...
Bacterial Rhodopsin Light-driven Proton Pump
... This is essentially irreversible because the external pH is low. Helix 6 (& 7) tilt hydration of the inner half channel (decreased contact with D85; increased contact with D96). hydration of D96 pKa; it becomes an H+ donor. The SB is reprotonated (SB deprotonation “opens” the inner 1/2 cha ...
... This is essentially irreversible because the external pH is low. Helix 6 (& 7) tilt hydration of the inner half channel (decreased contact with D85; increased contact with D96). hydration of D96 pKa; it becomes an H+ donor. The SB is reprotonated (SB deprotonation “opens” the inner 1/2 cha ...
Problem Set 2
... a) The oxidation step: ----------------------------------------------------b) The reduction step: ------------------------------------------------------c) The oxidizing agent: ------------------------------------------------------d) The reducing agent: ----------------------------------------------- ...
... a) The oxidation step: ----------------------------------------------------b) The reduction step: ------------------------------------------------------c) The oxidizing agent: ------------------------------------------------------d) The reducing agent: ----------------------------------------------- ...
Pyruvate Oxidation
... Second, the remainder of the pyruvate molecules are oxidized by NAD+ (lose electrons). Therefore NAD+ gains electrons and 2 hydrogen atoms Remaining pyruvate molecules (have two carbon compounds) become an acetate group ...
... Second, the remainder of the pyruvate molecules are oxidized by NAD+ (lose electrons). Therefore NAD+ gains electrons and 2 hydrogen atoms Remaining pyruvate molecules (have two carbon compounds) become an acetate group ...
Lecture 2 Protein conformation Recap Recap… Proteins
... • Proteins are not just chains of aa’s, they are defined by their shape – interactions between backbone residues and R-groups Groove ...
... • Proteins are not just chains of aa’s, they are defined by their shape – interactions between backbone residues and R-groups Groove ...
4 Krebs ETC
... • Cristae contain molecules that make up the electron transport system utilized in aerobic respiration • Electron transport system consists of 4 complexes that receives a pair of electrons then transfers the electrons to the next complex – Cytochrome complex 3 and 4 are membrane bound proteins ...
... • Cristae contain molecules that make up the electron transport system utilized in aerobic respiration • Electron transport system consists of 4 complexes that receives a pair of electrons then transfers the electrons to the next complex – Cytochrome complex 3 and 4 are membrane bound proteins ...
Chapter 21
... 1. The VSEPR model for predicting structure generally does not work for complex ions. However, assume a complex ion with a coordination number of 6 will have an octahedral arrangement of ligands. And, assume complexes with two ligands will be linear. But, complexes with a coordination number o ...
... 1. The VSEPR model for predicting structure generally does not work for complex ions. However, assume a complex ion with a coordination number of 6 will have an octahedral arrangement of ligands. And, assume complexes with two ligands will be linear. But, complexes with a coordination number o ...
Enzyme Vs. Extremozyme -32
... salt-links, 10 hydrogen bonds and 74 Van der Waals interactions are established to thermostabilize lysozyme. The thermostability of a-amylase, glucoamylase and subtilisin have also been increased substantially by this approach. Organic Solvents 4: Usually enzymes do not function in organic solvents. ...
... salt-links, 10 hydrogen bonds and 74 Van der Waals interactions are established to thermostabilize lysozyme. The thermostability of a-amylase, glucoamylase and subtilisin have also been increased substantially by this approach. Organic Solvents 4: Usually enzymes do not function in organic solvents. ...
Metalloprotein
Metalloprotein is a generic term for a protein that contains a metal ion cofactor. A large number of all proteins are part of this category.