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Thyroid Gland - medicine2015
Thyroid Gland - medicine2015

... Adverse effects Arrhythmias Shortness of breath Vomiting and diarrhea Increased sensitivity to heat Impaired reproductive function Cardiotoxicity Iatrogenic hyperthyroidism Hypertension Nervousness *****Especially in the elderly ...
National Drug Policy on Malaria - 2013
National Drug Policy on Malaria - 2013

... in such cases. Care should be taken in patients with anaemia. 4. P. falciparum cases should be treated with ACT (Artesunate 3 days + SulphadoxinePyrimethamine 1 day). This is to be accompanied by single dose primaquine preferably on day 2. 5. However, considering the reports of resistance to partner ...
Ethical Issues in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Ethical Issues in Obstetrics and Gynecology

... necessitates in vitro fertilization and embryonic cell biopsy. After implantation is established, Y fetal DNA can be identified in maternal blood by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Chorionic villous sampling (CVS), amniocentesis or echography are additional means that can identify fetal sex. ...
Tritace Comp 2.5/12.5 Tritace Comp 5/25
Tritace Comp 2.5/12.5 Tritace Comp 5/25

... Dilutional hyponatraemia may occur. Reduction in sodium levels can be initially asymptomatic and regular testing is therefore essential. Testing should be more frequent in elderly and cirrhotic patients. Thiazides have been shown to increase the urinary excretion of magnesium, which may result in hy ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... bowel injuries, presence of foreign body in uterus or in abdomen and unresponsive peritonitis suggestive of collection of pus. In this case injury to uterus i.e., perforation of uterus occurred which was sealed by the fetus itself later followed by the omental prolapse after expulsion of the fetus. ...
Metabolic Alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis

... • Cl is low in urine because of the ECF volume contraction and reabsorption of NaCl • Na is high in the urine because it is excreted with an anion other than Cl • The very high urine pH indicated that the other anion is HCO3: bicarbonaturia • To the degree that the filtered load of HCO3 exceeds the ...
NEWS
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... from the barbells and dumbbells. For this reason, a woman who is pregnant typically should not exercise with free weights, particularly if she does not have previous experience using them appropriately and safely. Moreover, a woman who has experience using free weights should do so with extreme caut ...
the Lumbar region
the Lumbar region

... Possible tenderness to palpation of abdomen in area of cancer May have ascites First sign may be of metastases to liver, lung, bone, or brain ...
SPEX Practice Test
SPEX Practice Test

... department because of painless vaginal bleeding that she noticed 2 hours ago after sexual intercourse with her husband. The patient has not received routine prenatal care during her pregnancy, though she was treated for chlamydia with azithromycin at 15 weeks' gestation. She gave birth to both of he ...
Recognizing Preterm Labor and Preventing Preterm
Recognizing Preterm Labor and Preventing Preterm

... At times, you will notice a lot of activity going on in the uterus with baby movements and periodic tightening, or contractions, of the uterine muscle. Sometimes they are uncomfortable, but most often they are not. What you will want to keep track of is how often they occur. Six or more contractions ...
osteoporosis - Idaho Academy Of Family Physician
osteoporosis - Idaho Academy Of Family Physician

... Which one of the following is the most appropriate pharmacologic treatment for this patient? A.Oral alendronate 70 mg weekly, 30 minutes before breakfast with a glass of water B.Intravenous zoledronic acid 5 mg yearly ...
Going for the 3 Increases
Going for the 3 Increases

... cholesterol by 10%. Just 40 minutes of exercise such as walking, swimming, or cycling three to four times per week can have an impact on blood cholesterol levels MEDICATIONS: Sometimes, a healthy diet and regular exercise just aren't enough to attain healthy cholesterol levels. This is often the cas ...
Test 26 – Obstetrics A 29 year-old G1P0 at 41 weeks gestation
Test 26 – Obstetrics A 29 year-old G1P0 at 41 weeks gestation

... Correct!!! Late decelerations are a symmetric fall in the fetal heart rate, beginning at or after the peak of the uterine contraction and returning to baseline only after the contraction has ended. Late decelerations are associated with uteroplacental insufficiency. Variable decelerations show an ac ...
Thyroid Gland
Thyroid Gland

... given 7 - 10 days before operation to decrease the size and vascularity of gland and simplify surgery. B-blocker: is given to decrease H.R. Phenobarbitone: is given to decrease anxiety. 50 - 60% of patients will require thyroid ...
intrauterine insemination (iui) - Fertility Associates of Memphis
intrauterine insemination (iui) - Fertility Associates of Memphis

... the insemination and for approximately 5 to 10 minutes afterwards. Pelvic infection resulting from the insemination – This small risk is further minimized by sperm processing. If the laboratory notices a significant amount of bacterial contamination within the sperm specimen, the physician and patie ...
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... develop symptoms associated with PMS until several years after menstruation starts — if ever. -Although the exact cause of PMS is unknown, it seems to occur because of changing hormone levels, and their effect on chemicals in the brain. During the second half of the menstrual cycle, the amount of pr ...
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6. BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK. INTRODUCTION: “It

... reducing the chances of its reoccurrence and this was effective.(9) As soon as nurses receive the postoperative patients it becomes their responsibility to take care of the clients and avoid further complications. One of the main complications of the clients those who are undergoing spinal anaesthes ...
Benign Breast Disease
Benign Breast Disease

... • Represents an imbalance between the stimulatory effect of estrogens and the inhibitory effect of  androgens ...
FAQ077 -- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
FAQ077 -- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

... • Infertility—One in ten women with PID becomes infertile. PID can cause scarring of the fallopian tubes. This scarring can block the tubes and prevent an egg from being fertilized. • Ectopic pregnancy—Scarring from PID also can prevent a fertilized egg from moving into the uterus. Instead, it can ...
Preventing Maternal and Neonatal Harm during Vacuum
Preventing Maternal and Neonatal Harm during Vacuum

... subgaleal hemorrhage. . . . Preventing Maternal and Neonatal Injury The first step in preventing maternal and neonatal injury is to be certain that VAVDs are done only when there are clear indications for vacuum extraction, and when there is a high likelihood of success of the procedure, determined ...
Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Hypertension
Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Hypertension

... the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development that included 4589 healthy nulliparous women and revealed no reduction in the rate of preeclampsia.13 On the other hand, trials conducted in women considered at very high risk demonstrated significant reductions in the rate of preeclampsia ...
Hirsutism-A Comprehensive Update of Embryology
Hirsutism-A Comprehensive Update of Embryology

... of androgen excess, evidence with synthesis of androgens from adrenals is exaggerated with 25-50% of PCOS patients showing an adrenal androgen excess. Besides PCOS other hormonal causes like thyroid hormone deficiency,growth hormone deficiency, or hyperprolactinemia, hyperinsulinemia which may act o ...
National Women-Held Pregnancy Record
National Women-Held Pregnancy Record

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HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY

... HIGH RISK: women with ANY of: • hypertensive disease during a previous pregnancy • chronic kidney disease • autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosis or antiphospholipid syndrome • type 1 or type 2 diabetes • chronic hypertension. ...
Macau Casino Show - Free Casino Bonus No Deposit 2012
Macau Casino Show - Free Casino Bonus No Deposit 2012

... stretched and therefore even more difficult to activate (neuromotor system) in the patient’s normal standing and walking posture. Although the problem of knee hyperextension is rarely caused by one single system impairment, careful analysis and prioritizing will enhance the effectiveness of availabl ...
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Maternal physiological changes in pregnancy



Maternal physiological changes in pregnancy are the normal adaptations that a woman undergoes during pregnancy to better accommodate the embryo or fetus. They are physiological changes, that is, they are entirely normal, and include cardiovascular, hematologic, metabolic, renal and respiratory changes that become very important in the event of complications. The body must change its physiological and homeostatic mechanisms in pregnancy to ensure the fetus is provided for. Increases in blood sugar, breathing and cardiac output are all required. Levels of progesterone and estrogens rise continually throughout pregnancy, suppressing the hypothalamic axis and subsequently the menstrual cycle. The woman and the placenta also produce many hormones.The body must change its physiological and homeostatic mechanisms in pregnancy to ensure the fetus grows properly and receives adequate nutrition. Increases in blood sugar, breathing and cardiac output are all required.
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