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triploid
triploid

... To have tetraploid plants, we can either have 4 copies of every chromosome (4n), or we can have 2 copies of 2 completely different sets of chromosomes (2n1 + 2n2). This would be like having a human who has full sets of 2 peoples’ ...
Genetics 1 - MaxSkyFan
Genetics 1 - MaxSkyFan

... available in a journal in Darwin's library, but he never read that article. • Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk, published his data on pea plants providing evidence that blending inheritance was incorrect. ...
Macromolecules ( Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic Acids )
Macromolecules ( Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic Acids )

... • Amino acids have carboxyl and amino groups—the R group/side chain differs and determines the amino acid’s properties. ...
biological_approach.
biological_approach.

... amount of eggs she produces and the fact that she has to carry the baby for 9 months and then raise it till the age of 18. •Females therefore will be more particular about who fathers their children due to the investment they have to make. ...
8 CYSTIC FIBROSIS FACT SHEET 33 Important points What are the
8 CYSTIC FIBROSIS FACT SHEET 33 Important points What are the

... The salt transport gene that causes CF is called the CFTR gene The most common variation that makes the CFTR gene faulty (mutation) is found in about 75% of people affected with CF in Australia. - The common CFTR gene mutation is called the ∆F508 (deltaF508) mutation. This means that, at position 50 ...
Operon: Lac trp Is the metabolic pathway anabolic or catabolic
Operon: Lac trp Is the metabolic pathway anabolic or catabolic

... lactose induces production of the enzymes needed for lactose digestion. The trp operon is repressible; it is ordinarily on, producing tryptophan, which is needed for protein production by the cells. It is turned off or repressed only when an excess of tryptophan is available to the cell. The lac ope ...
Organellar genes - Indiana University Bloomington
Organellar genes - Indiana University Bloomington

... but the pathways were different. A plant mitochondrial rps11 became functional in the plant nucleus after integration through a recombination–duplication event, positioning the N-terminal region of a cytochrome oxidase subunit in front of the rps11 protein-coding region26. A second copy of the rps11 ...
ch4-TheGenomicBiologistsToolKit_1.3
ch4-TheGenomicBiologistsToolKit_1.3

... antibiotic or that permits cells to make an amino acid required for growth. These are the basic requirements that all modern cloning vectors contain, but beyond these basic requirements, there can be a number of additional features that make specific vectors useful for various purposes. Thus, severa ...
Genetic disorders
Genetic disorders

... A clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders that result from some defect in collagen synthesis or structure (other disorders resulting from mutations affecting collagen synthesis include osteogenesis imperfecta, Alport syndrome, epidermolysis bullosa) ...
Poster Patrocles_V3
Poster Patrocles_V3

... distinct signatures on the level of inter-species divergence, intra-species variability, allelic distribution and linkage disequilibrium ...
Example of a scientific poster
Example of a scientific poster

... BRCA2. When a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation is inherited by a person, the risk of contracting breast cancer or ovarian cancer increases dramatically to over eighty percent. An inherited mutation in BRCA1 ultimately changes the function of the gene from a tumor suppressor to an abnormal growth regulator. B ...
CH4. The Genomic Biologists Toolkit
CH4. The Genomic Biologists Toolkit

... antibiotic or that permits cells to make an amino acid required for growth. These are the basic requirements that all modern cloning vectors contain, but beyond these basic requirements, there can be a number of additional features that make specific vectors useful for various purposes. Thus, severa ...
identical versus fraternal twins
identical versus fraternal twins

... holding hands in Saudi Arabia is the norm (closer personal space), but not in American culture. ...
Diversity in biological molecules
Diversity in biological molecules

... It is difficult to make comparisons between such groups using morphological characters but they all contain homologous proteins that are simple to compare because they are all linear structures and every position in them is occupied by one of 20 amino acids. Comparisons of such structures lend thems ...
Gene Section
Gene Section

... SRD5A2 gene are associated with prostate cancer. Polymorphisms V89L, A29T, and the (TA)n repeat are some of well-known SRD5A2 variation that have been liked to prostate cancer risk. However, these associations are not always consistent. For example, the V89L (rs523349) variant is a missense single n ...
Chapter 9
Chapter 9

... • Cut specific sequences of DNA • Destroy bacteriophage DNA in bacterial cells • Methylated cytosines in bacteria protect their own DNA from digestion • Create blunt ends or staggered cuts known as sticky ends ...
THHN Color Basics article
THHN Color Basics article

... which is the greying gene. For Fred the grey switches are on and off - ‘Gg’ - and because it only takes one on for grey, Fred is going to prematurely grey. And if we breed Fred, half his offspring will get ‘G’ (grey on) and half will get ‘g’ (grey off). Now if our Fred had two on switches (’GG’) ins ...
Genetic analysis of mutation types
Genetic analysis of mutation types

... Genetics can be used as a tool to study problems in biology and has made important contributions to the fields of development, cell biology and neurobiology. One of the goals in this type of research is to use mutations to reveal the normal function of a gene. However, to infer the function of a gen ...
Chapter 9 - Personal
Chapter 9 - Personal

... relatives ...
Ataxia- telangiectasia Mutated (ATM)
Ataxia- telangiectasia Mutated (ATM)

... Mutation of the kinase domain of ATM gives rise to ataxia telangiectasia (AT) ...
16_LectureOutlines_LO - AP
16_LectureOutlines_LO - AP

... experiment in which they could label protein or DNA and then track which entered the E. coli cell during infection.  They grew one batch of T2 phage in the presence of radioactive sulfur, marking the proteins but not DNA.  They grew another batch in the presence of radioactive phosphorus, marking ...
Use of Amino Acid-Nucleotide Base Pair Potentials in Screening
Use of Amino Acid-Nucleotide Base Pair Potentials in Screening

... processes involving gene expression, DNA replication and repair [1]. Since DNA play very important roles in cells, they are molecular targets of many clinically used drugs, such as anticancer drugs and antibiotics [2]. Study on the protein-DNA interactions would be meaningful for drugs design on the ...
Meiosis simulation
Meiosis simulation

... of your gametes to combine with one of their gametes. Answer the questions below about your offspring: 1.) a. What is the genotype of the fertilized egg/zygote? _______________ b. What is the phenotype of the new baby Triffle? Draw this in the space below. Since you only examined 4 traits (fur color ...
Who was Gregor Mendel and what did he do?
Who was Gregor Mendel and what did he do?

... In chickens, the gene for black feather colour is co-dominant to the gene for white feather colour. What are the expected ratios for a cross between a black feathered rooster and a white feathered ...
Abiel Rindisbacher
Abiel Rindisbacher

... • ‘‘Loc1  is  required  for  the  assembly  of  ribosomes  containing   a  specific  subset  of  duplicated  ribosomal  proteins  and  this   specialized  ribosome  is  required  for  the  regulated   transla?on  of  ASH1  mRNA’’   • The  mo ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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