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patterns of inheritance
patterns of inheritance

... IB BIOLOGY………………..STUDY GUIDE PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE TERMS TO KNOW: P generation - parental generation. The original source of genetic information in a cross. Fl generation - first filial generation. First generation of offspring. F2 generation — second filial generation. Offspring resulting from c ...
Lesson 15d Meiosis PPT - Educational Excellence
Lesson 15d Meiosis PPT - Educational Excellence

... Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by half. Daughter cells differ from parent, and each other. Meiosis involves two divisions, Mitosis only one. Meiosis I involves: – Synapsis – homologous chromosomes pair up. Chiasmata form (crossing over of non-sister chromatids). – In Metaphase I, homologo ...
DNA to Protein Overview
DNA to Protein Overview

... BioMEMS, DNA and Proteins The knowledge that we have gained about cells, DNA, RNA, proteins and the various biomolecules that make up human tissue has led to many new innovations. As previously mentioned, bioMEMS are used in the biomedical field for analyzing specific biomolecules in a sample (e.g. ...
Mei-S332, a Drosophila Protein Required for Sister
Mei-S332, a Drosophila Protein Required for Sister

... in both testes and ovaries. cDNAs homologous to ~0~4-4 were isolated from a testis library and mapped to four transcription units. Only one of these is localized entirely within the 4.2 kb of genomic DNA containing mei-S332 (Figure 16). Northern blot analysis both confirmed that the transcription un ...
Genetics Unit Pre-Test HW-66
Genetics Unit Pre-Test HW-66

... insecticide on the board to kill the termites. Hunter noticed that about 95% of the termites died, but 5% survived. What is the most likely explanation for this? I know this! A. The living termites were a different species than the dead termites I think I know this, B. The living termites had genes ...
Part 1B Population and Community Dynamics - Science
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...  a change in DNA of an individual  an inheritable mutation has the potential to affect an entire gene pool.  most mutations are neutral (no effect)  some are harmful (usually does not promote reproduction so it is not spread in the gene pool (death before sex))  some are beneficial (may lead to ...
genstat - University of Illinois at Urbana
genstat - University of Illinois at Urbana

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Huntingtons Disease Powerpoint
Huntingtons Disease Powerpoint

... The mutation that causes Huntington’s Disease is a repeating of the three bases C,A,G in the gene. The more often the repeat of the CAG sequence the more likely it is to contract the disease and the earlier the disease starts. ...
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Nomenclature for incompletely specified bases in nucleic acid

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Plant Physiology

... cDNA Isolation and RNA Analysis Dg93 was originally identified as a chimeric nucleotide sequence adjoined to a full-length cDNA clone of Rubisco activase (P.A. Okubara and A.M. Berry, unpublished data). The chimeric clone had been obtained from a Lambda Zap II (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) cDNA library ...
Leukaemia Section t(7;14)(q35;q32.1) TRB@/TCL1A, inv(14)(q11q32.1) TRA@-TRD@/TCL1A, t(14;14)(q11;q32.1) TRA@- TRD@/TCL1A
Leukaemia Section t(7;14)(q35;q32.1) TRB@/TCL1A, inv(14)(q11q32.1) TRA@-TRD@/TCL1A, t(14;14)(q11;q32.1) TRA@- TRD@/TCL1A

... TCL1A, TCL1B encode for protein of about 14 kDa. TCL1A 14 kDa protein consists of an eight-stranded antiparallel beta barrel with a hydrophobic core and are predicted to bind small hydrophobic ligands such as retinoids, nucleosides or fatty acids. In addition to TCL1 and TCL1b the locus contains two ...
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Comprehensive Review Packet - 2013-2014

... a. Biological catalysts (made of protein) that speed up rate of chemical reactions by lowering activation energy required for reaction to occur b. Enzyme has active site (exposed R groups) where reaction occurs c. Enzymes can break down substance (catabolic reaction) or build up substances (anabolic ...
Familial Polyposis Syndromes L
Familial Polyposis Syndromes L

... A great majority (98%) of all cancers in the large intestine are adenocarcinomas. They represent one of the prime challenges to the medical profession, because they almost always arise in adenomatous polyps that are generally curable by resection. ...
model test paper for class 12 biology
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... ii. State any two biochemical evidences to support evolution. iii. In rabbit species, a disease- condition called albinism develops due to recessive alleles. Let A be the allele for normal condition and “a” be the allele for albinism, such that AA and Aa represent normal phenotypes and “aa” represen ...
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Identification and Classification of Prokaryote

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genetic code and translation
genetic code and translation

... Initiation (start) codon is usually AUG which is the codon of methionine, so the initiator tRNA is methionnyl tRNA (Met. tRNA). a- The initiation factors (IF-1, IF-2 and IF-3) binds the Met. tRNA with small ribosomal subunit then to mRNA containing the code of the protein to be synthesized. IFs reco ...
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ppt - Chair of Computational Biology
ppt - Chair of Computational Biology

... The SAGA chromatin-remodelling complex in yeast contains Sus1; Sus1 is also present in the mRNA-export complex TREX, which interacts with Nup1. Nup2 also interacts with the promoters of active genes, and the NPC-associated protein Mlp1 (myosin-like protein 1) accumulates at the 3′ end of active gene ...
Expanding Yeast Knowledge Online.
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... genome, the genes it contains and their interactions. SGD provides current, annotated yeast sequence through the WWW and via FTP. In addition to providing an on-line genome database, SGD also provides access to other information of interest to the budding yeast community. SGD is responsible for main ...
The Making of the Fittest: Evolving Switches, Evolving Bodies
The Making of the Fittest: Evolving Switches, Evolving Bodies

... • Students may wonder why Pitx1 is expressed in such diverse tissues. This is because the Pitx1 gene contains multiple regulatory switches that allow for transcription of that gene in multiple tissues. The expression of Pitx1 is important in various tissues because the Pitx1 protein is itself a regu ...
AP Biology Practice Exam #1
AP Biology Practice Exam #1

... _____1. Which is Not true about bacteria chromosomes? a) There is generally only one chromosome in each bacteria cell. b) A bacteria chromosome is present in a single copy per cell. c) A bacteria chromosome is attached to the plasma membrane. d) A bacteria chromosome is in a loop. e) A bacteria chro ...
Journal of Bacteriology
Journal of Bacteriology

... unexplored. Here we assign for the first time complete polyketide synthase (PKS) gene clusters to Bacillus antibiotics. Three giant modular PKS systems of the trans-acyltransferase type were identified in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB 42. One of them, pks1, is an ortholog of the pksX operon with a ...
proteins aminacids notesKelly
proteins aminacids notesKelly

... • changes in pH (alters electrostatic interactions between charged amino acids) • changes in salt concentration (does the same) • changes in temperature (higher temperatures reduce the strength of hydrogen bonds) • presence of reducing agents (break S-S bonds between cysteines) ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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