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AACL BIOFLUX
AACL BIOFLUX

... The red color of the skin is chemical and is affected by the food the guppy eats. It has long been believed that foods with carotenoids, which the guppy cannot synthesize de novo, help the guppy store red pigment. Such an example is the brine shrimp, which is said to deepen the reds of some red gupp ...
Evolution of colour vision in primates
Evolution of colour vision in primates

How do bacteria respond to their environment?
How do bacteria respond to their environment?

... to nitrogen deprivation Stringent response • Make less ribosomal protein • Make less ribosomal RNA • Make less transfer RNA ...
The chromosomal theory of inheritance
The chromosomal theory of inheritance

Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Potassium uptake systems of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Potassium uptake systems of

rDNA Risk Assessment Worksheet
rDNA Risk Assessment Worksheet

... 1. If sequences were inserted, what is the source of any inserted DNA (e.g. genomic, cDNA, synthetic, coding/non-coding sequences) 2. If sequences were inserted, what was the Risk Group of the agent the sequences were derived from? RG-1 RG-2 RG-3 RG-4 3. Do the changes that have been made the parent ...
What limits the liver`s capacity to convert amino acids to glucose?
What limits the liver`s capacity to convert amino acids to glucose?

... acids to glucose? Conversion of amino acids to glucose involves several metabolic processes; deamination or transamination, conversion of the released NH4 + to urea and finally synthesis of glucose from amino acid residues. The key to understanding the physiological limitation of glucose formation f ...
chapter 11 and 14
chapter 11 and 14

... 7. Four sisters begin attending your school. One has brown hair and brown eyes. Another has brown hair and blue eyes. The third also has blue eyes, but blond hair. The fourth has blond hair, too, but she has brown eyes. Explain how the principle of independent segregation accounts for these sisters ...
Genetic dissection of Helicobacter pylori AddAB role in homologous
Genetic dissection of Helicobacter pylori AddAB role in homologous

... modeling the AddAB complex structure, we investigated using a genetics approach the in vivo roles of the H. pylori addA and addB gene products during recombinational repair, exogenous DNA incorporation and intrachromosomal recombination. Furthermore, using double or triple mutants in HR genes, we de ...
Resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems in Gram
Resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems in Gram

... gene which became prevalent in Europe was supposed to be originated from the related, plasmid-encoded blaCTX-M-3 gene which had spread in Poland recently. The Polish blaCTX-M-3 gene, however, is located in a different distance from ISEcp1 than blaCTX-M-15 in isolates from UK, France, Turkey, Canada, ...
Mendelian Genetic Disease
Mendelian Genetic Disease

... passed from father to son. Males are much more likely to be affected than females. If affected males cannot reproduce, only males will be affected. All affected males in a family are related through their mothers. Trait or disease is typically passed from an ...
Leukaemia Section del(4)(q12q12) FIP1L1/PDGFRA Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Leukaemia Section del(4)(q12q12) FIP1L1/PDGFRA Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

File
File

... What makes us human? We might try to answer that question by looking under the microscope to see what is inside a human cell. Not surprisingly, human cells look much like the cells of other animals. To find what makes us uniquely human, we have to look deeper, into the genetic instructions that buil ...
Living Things
Living Things

... Mutations Mutations can cause a cell to produce an incorrect protein during protein synthesis. As a result, the organism’s trait, or phenotype, may be different from what it normally would have been. ...
It`s in the Genes - CR Alpacas, Inc.
It`s in the Genes - CR Alpacas, Inc.

... skin color is due to the presence of melanin (phaeomelanin and eumelanin) in the tissue. Melanin migrates through the body during development. Melanin is also a critical structural component of cells, including hairs in the cochlea in the inner ear. Failure of melanin to reach these cochlear hairs ...
A-10484A SNPs. Mutations and DNA Sequence
A-10484A SNPs. Mutations and DNA Sequence

Molecular diagnosis of human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) by
Molecular diagnosis of human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) by

... mPCR is a sensitive assay and could be used as an accurate diagnostic method for detecting various types of microorganisms’ genome in low concentration in biological specimens. The demand for sensitive, rapid, safe and easy detection of PCR products has led researchers to a combination of this metho ...
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

... • Enzymes that digest starch by hydrolyzing  linkages can’t hydrolyze  linkages in cellulose • Cellulose in human food passes through the digestive tract as insoluble fiber • Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose • Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with ...
Luciferase Reporter Vector Protocol
Luciferase Reporter Vector Protocol

Endoproteinase pro-C-catalyzed peptide bond
Endoproteinase pro-C-catalyzed peptide bond

Evolution of Closely Linked Gene Pairs in
Evolution of Closely Linked Gene Pairs in

... of base pairs between the beginning and/or ends of the transcripts as annotated in Ensembl. In the better annotated genomes, this includes the 5# and 3# untranslated regions (UTR); in poorly annotated genomes, information about the UTRs may be incomplete, and the number of closely linked gene pairs ...
Article 1 Title: The pseudoautosomal regions of the U/V sex
Article 1 Title: The pseudoautosomal regions of the U/V sex

... chromosomes occur only in females and males, respectively (in contrast with the X, for example, which can occur in males and females). At present however, few empirical data are available for haploid sexual systems to test these various predictions. We have recently shown that the UV sex chromosomes ...
FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS Topic 1 Life on Earth is made
FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS Topic 1 Life on Earth is made

... a. Describe the essential features of TWO of the procedures/techniques below. For EACH of the procedures/techniques you describe, explain how its application contributes to understanding genetics. i. The use of a bacterial plasmid to clone and sequence a human gene ii. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR ...
map distance
map distance

... 2 from their mother, whereas the three unaffected offspring have inherited the b allele. Thus, all six offspring are nonrecombinant for RP9 and marker locus 2. However, individuals II-1, II-3, and II-5 are recombinant for RP9 and marker locus 1, indicating that meiotic crossover has ...
Commentaries on Viewpoint: Epigenetic regulation of the ACE gene
Commentaries on Viewpoint: Epigenetic regulation of the ACE gene

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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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