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Genome-wide transcription profiling of aerobic and anaerobic
Genome-wide transcription profiling of aerobic and anaerobic

... not be formed even when cultures were supplemented with various electron acceptors (Colón-González, Méndez-Ortiz and Membrillo-Hernández 2004), or when longer incubation periods were imposed (Colón-González, Méndez-Ortiz and MembrilloHernández 2004). Furthermore, a survey of over 45 000 rand ...
Rare coding SNP in DZIP1 gene associated with late
Rare coding SNP in DZIP1 gene associated with late

The Escherichia coli SlyD Is a Metal Ion-regulated Peptidyl
The Escherichia coli SlyD Is a Metal Ion-regulated Peptidyl

... occurred. The slyD locus was cloned and sequenced. By deletion analysis it was demonstrated that the open reading frame 196 of E. coli is identical to slyD (8). The derived amino acid sequence of SlyD was shown to share similarity with FKBPs. Independently, the protein SlyD (there called WHP, wonder ...
COURSES FOR M.Sc. (Ag.) in GENETICS AND
COURSES FOR M.Sc. (Ag.) in GENETICS AND

... Architecture of chromosome in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; Chromonemata, chromosome matrix, chromomeres, centromere, secondary constriction and telomere; Artificial chromosome construction and its uses; Special types of chromosomes. Chromosomal theory of inheritance - Cell Cycle and cell division - m ...
Review - Columbus Labs
Review - Columbus Labs

... 4. Elongation and termination. Eukaryotic elongation factors EF1α and EF1βγ are the counterparts of prokaryotic EF-Tu and EF-Ts. The GTP form of EF1α delivers aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site of the ribosome, and EF1βγ catalyzes the exchange of GTP for bound GDP. Eukaryotic EF2 mediates GTP-driven trans ...
A defense-offense multi-layered regulatory switch in a pathogenic
A defense-offense multi-layered regulatory switch in a pathogenic

... in response to quorum sensing signal. We identified and studied the structural characteristics and dynamic properties of the core regulatory circuit governing this switch by deterministic and stochastic computational methods, as well as experimentally. This module, termed here Double Selector Switch ...
Revisiting the role of yeast Sfp1 in ribosome biogenesis and cell
Revisiting the role of yeast Sfp1 in ribosome biogenesis and cell

... (whi) mutants as one of the genes whose deletion caused the strongest whi phenotype (Jorgensen et al., 2002). SFP1 has been proposed as a regulator of cell size at Start and as a key element in the connection between growth and cell cycle progression. It encodes a zinc-finger protein promoting the t ...
BMC Developmental Biology
BMC Developmental Biology

... Eya3 is one of four mammalian orthologous genes (Eya14) of eyes absent (eya) in Drosophila melanogaster [1,2]. Previous investigations demonstrated that a homozygous knockout of eya function in D. melanogaster results in severe embryonic defects and absence of compound eyes due to eye progenitor cel ...
A CHASE domain containing protein kinase OsCRL4
A CHASE domain containing protein kinase OsCRL4

Corn Bt 176 - Biotechnology Philippines
Corn Bt 176 - Biotechnology Philippines

... Bt- 176 Corn and all corn lines/hybrids derived from this event contain the Cry1Ab coding sequence from Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki strain HD-1 (Btk). The Cry1Ab gene encodes for the production of crystal proteins. These crystal proteins are effective as insecticides after ingestion by speci ...
NO 2
NO 2

... Stages in the initiation and development of a soybean root nodule. (A) Events involved in the initiation of the nodule: (1) the root excretes substances; (2) these substances attract rhizobia and stimulate them to produce celldivision factors; (3) cells in the root cortex divide to form the primar ...
ppt
ppt

... To localize regulatory regions without any extrinsic information is a hard topic. To use the amount of overrepresented patterns in a region as indicator of regulatory regions is a reasonable measure and can lead to reasonable results. But it also leads to a lot false positive predictions, because we ...
What stay-green mutants tell us about nitrogen remobilization in leaf
What stay-green mutants tell us about nitrogen remobilization in leaf

... of one of the L. temulentum chromosomes. Genes expressed in wild-type and stay-green Ceres were compared by cDNA-RDA. Several differentially expressed genes were identified (Thomas et al., 1997) including one which, when sequenced, showed a good match to barley UDPGP (Fig. 5b, c). The same gene clon ...
Heme
Heme

... Affects women more than men, with a ratio of 2:1. Most patients become symptomatic at age 18-40 years.  Attacks occurring before puberty or after age 40 years are unusual unless a major provocation Most patients are completely free of symptoms between attacks. Course of the neurological manifestati ...
Microarray Bulletin – October 2016
Microarray Bulletin – October 2016

... \\ Clinical significance remains unknown. We advise the requesting clinician of such changes, but this report should not be the basis of major decisions about the management of the pregnancy. We will request samples from both parents as the presence of the change in an unaffected parent increases th ...
The DNA chromatin condensation expressed by the image optical
The DNA chromatin condensation expressed by the image optical

... Summary The appearance of heterochromatin is generally accepted as a useful tool for the evaluation of the cell state including pathology; however, information on the heterochromatin DNA condensation state expressed by the image optical density in interphase nuclear regions and mitotic chromosomes w ...
Comparative Genomics IV
Comparative Genomics IV

... XX/XY sex chromosomes In the XY sex-determination system individuals inheriting a Y chromosome become males, and XX individuals females. The XY sex chromosomes are different in shape and size from each other unlike the autosomes, and are termed allosomes/heterochromosomes. XX/X0 sex determination In ...
Neema Bhukhan
Neema Bhukhan

Duchenne and Becker Types of Muscular Dystrophy
Duchenne and Becker Types of Muscular Dystrophy

... that affect the muscles and are therefore not diagnostic of DMD or BMD on their own. Historically, muscle biopsy was used to look at how much protein, such as dystrophin, muscle cells were producing and this may still be a useful test in some individuals and can help to distinguish between DMD and B ...
Winge`s sex-linked color patterns and SDL in the guppy: genes or
Winge`s sex-linked color patterns and SDL in the guppy: genes or

... The red color of the skin is chemical and is affected by the food the guppy eats. It has long been believed that foods with carotenoids, which the guppy cannot synthesize de novo, help the guppy store red pigment. Such an example is the brine shrimp, which is said to deepen the reds of some red gupp ...
Characterizing the Grape Transcriptome
Characterizing the Grape Transcriptome

... to accepted hierarchical relationships using vocabulary in common use for viticulture, as shown by example in Figure 1 (for complete detail, see Supplemental Table II). The vocabulary was used to generate an online query tool (http://cgf.ucdavis.edu/) to facilitate identification of genes that may b ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Potassium uptake systems of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Potassium uptake systems of

How do bacteria respond to their environment?
How do bacteria respond to their environment?

... to nitrogen deprivation Stringent response • Make less ribosomal protein • Make less ribosomal RNA • Make less transfer RNA ...
Functional and Structural Characterization of a Prokaryotic Peptide
Functional and Structural Characterization of a Prokaryotic Peptide

... Besides the mammalian PEPT1 and PEPT2 proteins, the PTR2 family includes the yeast peptide transporter PTR2, DtpT from Lactococcus lactis, and numerous “orphan” transporters for which function is not known yet. Most orphan transporters are found in prokaryotic organism, e.g. the four members ybgH, y ...
The chromosomal theory of inheritance
The chromosomal theory of inheritance

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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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