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The Arrestin Tree is Large and the Visual/Beta
The Arrestin Tree is Large and the Visual/Beta

Isolation and Characterization of Plastidic Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
Isolation and Characterization of Plastidic Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase

... linked to nitrogen metabolism through the prerequisite of reductant (Emes and Bowsher, 1991) but its true involvement in fatty acid synthesis still remains poorly characterized. The first committed step of fatty acid synthesis occurs in the plastid with the formation of malonyI-CoA from acetyI-CoA a ...
Molecules of Life
Molecules of Life

... Proteins are made of molecules of up to 20 different kinds of amino acids strung together like beads Hundreds of amino acids may bond to form a protein ...
BioInformatics - Protein Structure Prediction Summer Studentship
BioInformatics - Protein Structure Prediction Summer Studentship

... probability of finding one is then 1/( 20^3) = 1/8000 So we could expect to find 10757863/8000 occurrences of that particular sub-sequence. Which is around 1344. It is a good number for statistics. But, in this project, we are considering lengths of 5 or more! For an exact match the probability is 1 ...
- University of Bath Opus
- University of Bath Opus

... similarity in sex-biased gene expression among neighbouring genes. Whether this clustering of genes with similar expression profiles is functional or instead the result of transcriptional interference with adjacent genes displaying non-functional but significant similarity in patterns of gene expres ...
Chapter 15
Chapter 15

... particular enzyme ...
2007 Higher Biology Answers
2007 Higher Biology Answers

... end of the booklet), mark both and give the higher score if question asks for a line graph and a histogram or bar chart is given, then do not give the mark(s). Credit can be given for labelling the axes correctly, plotting the points, joining the points either with straight lines or curves (best fit ...
Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of a
Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of a

... reduced to about 50% of that in normal soybean seeds. The lines have been shown to have increased available phosphate and metabolizable energy when fed as a component of poultry diets (Cromwell et al., 2000a, 2000b; Spencer et al., 2000a). Dietary available phosphate was also increased when the low ...
S - www2
S - www2

... Because of the size of the tubes (several ml), one of the major problems to obtain quantitative information on sedimentation velocity from a preparative ultracentrifuge is the disturbance of the material distribution by turbulence from physical vibrations or due to convection from thermal differenc ...
2006a Tests of parallel molecular evolution in a long
2006a Tests of parallel molecular evolution in a long

... whose candidacy was identified in the other population, and neither of them had any substitutions in the random genes. Second, if mutations in the candidate genes were beneficial, then we would expect to see an excess of nonsynonymous substitutions relative to synonymous substitutions. Three of 6 po ...
Identification and Analysis of Arabidopsis Expressed Sequence
Identification and Analysis of Arabidopsis Expressed Sequence

Cancer Prone Disease Section Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) in Oncology and Haematology
Cancer Prone Disease Section Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) in Oncology and Haematology

... HME is a genetically heterogeneous disorder for which at present, two genes, EXT1 and EXT2 located respectively on 8q24 and 11p11-p12, have been isolated; the EXT1 gene was reported to show linkage in 44%-66% of the HME families, whereas EXT2 would be involved in 27%; additional linkage to chromosom ...
Inheritance and Adaptations
Inheritance and Adaptations

... What is inheritance? You probably resemble your parents or grandparents. If you have brothers or sisters, they probably resemble your parents and grandparents, too. You all might have some of the same characteristics, such as being tall or having brown eyes. A distinguishing characteristic of an org ...
Functional Genomics
Functional Genomics

... Project stimulated developments both in high-throughput DNA sequencing, which were essential for the success of the project, and in powerful computational tools for sequence analysis. Without the project, it is very unlikely that these improvements would have been developed. The data were the cataly ...
Rooting the Ribosomal Tree of Life Research article
Rooting the Ribosomal Tree of Life Research article

... ribosomal RNAs) have remained unrooted. Individual core ribosomal proteins are short in length, each containing few phylogenetically informative positions. As such, although universal phylogenies generated from alignments of individual ribosomal proteins generally do not show significant conflict, t ...
Identification of a mutation in LARS as a novel cause of infantile
Identification of a mutation in LARS as a novel cause of infantile

... considered unlikely to be disease-causing. Of the remaining 5 candidate variants, only 2 were located within the candidate linkage regions. The two candidate missense variants are located in exon 4 (c.245A > G; p.K82R) and exon 11 (c.1118A > G; p.Y373C) of the leucyl-tRNA synthetase gene (LARS) at 5 ...
The Drosophila pipsqueak gene encodes a nuclear BTB
The Drosophila pipsqueak gene encodes a nuclear BTB

From bedside to bench: how to analyze a splicing
From bedside to bench: how to analyze a splicing

... Alternatively, checking and if necessary updating and supplementing existing mutation databases can also help identify mutational "hot spots", give clues to phenotype/genotype correlations and thus improve future basic research approaches, diagnostic screening studies and genetic counselling. Howev ...
nimO is required for the G1/S transition
nimO is required for the G1/S transition

... phase by G1/S-arresting mutants has led to the idea that after START, activation of the mitotic checkpoint is triggered by the onset of DNA synthesis (Li and Deshaies, 1993) or that, as suggested by dbf4 and cdc7 mutations, commitment to mitosis may occur in late G1 with mitotic restraint enforced b ...
Eukaryotic Cells and the Cell Cycle
Eukaryotic Cells and the Cell Cycle

... dipteran insects (flies and such) unique giant chromosomes can be seen. Following synapsis the chromosomes replicate about ten times with no division of the nucleus or cell. The result is a chromosome consisting of about one thousand strands which become very rigid and tightly aligned with each othe ...
A gene complex controlling segmentation in Drosophila
A gene complex controlling segmentation in Drosophila

... Each of the wild-type thoracic and abdominal segments has a unique pattern of differentiated structures (Fig. 1a) which constitutes a morphologically defined state or 'level of development' (L). Each BX-C mutant phenotype can be described in terms of the degree to which one or more segments, or port ...
T M 24,
T M 24,

... Evangelyn Brunson, Jenny Phung, Daniel Rafferty, Bruce E. Wilcox and Christine A. Hughey Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University The principle objective of this project is to develop a LC/MS method that maximizes the number of flavonoid (antioxidant) compounds identified i ...
Chaperone-dependent gene expression of organic
Chaperone-dependent gene expression of organic

Stop-Gain Mutations in PKP2 Are Associated with a Later
Stop-Gain Mutations in PKP2 Are Associated with a Later

... death. Pathogenic mutations in several genes encoding mainly desmosomal proteins have been reported. Our aim is to perform genotype-phenotype correlations to establish the diagnostic value of genetics and to assess the role of mutation type in age-related penetrance in ARVC. Methods and Results: Thi ...
The genetics of deafness - Archives of Disease in Childhood
The genetics of deafness - Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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