Adaptation 101
... the significant and growing adaptation needs of poor countries—even when other countries have acted to provide some amount of adaptation assistance. Some developed country governments have contributed a total of $116 million to a voluntary set of funds at the Global Environment Facility (GEF).28 And ...
... the significant and growing adaptation needs of poor countries—even when other countries have acted to provide some amount of adaptation assistance. Some developed country governments have contributed a total of $116 million to a voluntary set of funds at the Global Environment Facility (GEF).28 And ...
Module: Introduction
... 1 - Continuously reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy usage of our operations; 2 - Developing the flexibility and capability to market lower-GHG-emission products, in line with evolving market conditions; and 3 - Working with industry partners, energy companies, consumer groups and ...
... 1 - Continuously reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy usage of our operations; 2 - Developing the flexibility and capability to market lower-GHG-emission products, in line with evolving market conditions; and 3 - Working with industry partners, energy companies, consumer groups and ...
Gaziantep Climate Change Action Plan Executive Summary
... Local government leadership is particularly important in achieving changes that require a fundamental shift in social behavior and cultural perception. This is reflected in the growing municipal movement to voluntarily mainstream broader objectives like mitigating the effects of climate change into ...
... Local government leadership is particularly important in achieving changes that require a fundamental shift in social behavior and cultural perception. This is reflected in the growing municipal movement to voluntarily mainstream broader objectives like mitigating the effects of climate change into ...
Are You suprised ?
... and despite the limitation of the data, financial resources, methodologies etc. an advanced level research project was carried out, using a number of models for sectoral analysis. Yemen's natural systems and economy generally suffer from the mounting pressure of high population growth rate, limited ...
... and despite the limitation of the data, financial resources, methodologies etc. an advanced level research project was carried out, using a number of models for sectoral analysis. Yemen's natural systems and economy generally suffer from the mounting pressure of high population growth rate, limited ...
Cars, carbon taxes and CO2 emissions
... tax and price elasticities of demand for gasoline in Sweden.4 To this end, I use timeseries analysis of the consumption and price of gasoline in Sweden during 1970 to 2011. Exploiting yearly changes to the carbon tax rate and the carbon tax-exclusive price of gasoline (the total gas price minus the ...
... tax and price elasticities of demand for gasoline in Sweden.4 To this end, I use timeseries analysis of the consumption and price of gasoline in Sweden during 1970 to 2011. Exploiting yearly changes to the carbon tax rate and the carbon tax-exclusive price of gasoline (the total gas price minus the ...
INSTITUTIONAL AND COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION A Thesis Presented
... emissions with regards to the ecological waste absorption capacity, the costs associated with cap management, and the efficient allocation of resources to achieve least-cost emission reductions. How community characteristics in northern rural climates can encourage a significant shift towards altern ...
... emissions with regards to the ecological waste absorption capacity, the costs associated with cap management, and the efficient allocation of resources to achieve least-cost emission reductions. How community characteristics in northern rural climates can encourage a significant shift towards altern ...
The Kyoto Protocol and Beyond: The World After 2012
... decisions by private households for heating and transportation and by corporations for these and other needs, all outside the government sphere. The government can influence these decisions, but only indirectly through regulations or incentives’.12 In short, we are used to thinking about fossil fue ...
... decisions by private households for heating and transportation and by corporations for these and other needs, all outside the government sphere. The government can influence these decisions, but only indirectly through regulations or incentives’.12 In short, we are used to thinking about fossil fue ...
PDF
... climate physics and economics. In Section 4, we discuss various aspects of the cost estimates of greenhouse gas emission reductions, and offer some suggestions as to how the estimates should be communicated. In Section 5, the paper reviews the published range, since 1998, of costs estimates of imple ...
... climate physics and economics. In Section 4, we discuss various aspects of the cost estimates of greenhouse gas emission reductions, and offer some suggestions as to how the estimates should be communicated. In Section 5, the paper reviews the published range, since 1998, of costs estimates of imple ...
A financial director`s guide to the carbon reduction
... should be aware of around the CRC: • Risk to reputation and brand may be the greatest concern as companies will be rated against each other and it is likely there will be significant attention from the press in the first few years of the CRC. Increased investor pressure in the current climate could ...
... should be aware of around the CRC: • Risk to reputation and brand may be the greatest concern as companies will be rated against each other and it is likely there will be significant attention from the press in the first few years of the CRC. Increased investor pressure in the current climate could ...
Weighing the costs and benefits of climate change to our children
... each of a menu of technologies and options (for example, energy-efficient refrigerators or wind power), (2) sort them from least to most expensive, and (3) add them up until the desired level of abatement is reached.5 That approach has the advantage of extensive detail about low-carbon technologies. ...
... each of a menu of technologies and options (for example, energy-efficient refrigerators or wind power), (2) sort them from least to most expensive, and (3) add them up until the desired level of abatement is reached.5 That approach has the advantage of extensive detail about low-carbon technologies. ...
CDP_UoE Workshop Presentation_CDP
... power, by country or region (MWh) Disclose information related with electricity accounted for at zero emissions factor ...
... power, by country or region (MWh) Disclose information related with electricity accounted for at zero emissions factor ...
1. Climate Catastrophe - Global Commons Institute
... from the real-world systemic changes required to drastically reduce energy consumption in general, and utilise cleaner and more energy-efficient technologies based on renewable energies in particular. Yet this inattention to the global systemic origins of the ecological ...
... from the real-world systemic changes required to drastically reduce energy consumption in general, and utilise cleaner and more energy-efficient technologies based on renewable energies in particular. Yet this inattention to the global systemic origins of the ecological ...
DICE 2013R - Yale Economics
... run for a few years, or in the development context a few decades, climate-change projects necessarily must encompass more than a century. The result is that many of the projections and assumptions are based on very thin evidence. We begin with the standard neoclassical decisions about capital accumu ...
... run for a few years, or in the development context a few decades, climate-change projects necessarily must encompass more than a century. The result is that many of the projections and assumptions are based on very thin evidence. We begin with the standard neoclassical decisions about capital accumu ...
Chain Reactions
... efficiency and thereby reduce their emissions. The real issue is how this is done. This paper focuses on the British chemicals sector because current climate change and energy related policies look set to inflict serious damage on it in the near future. The key issue is that the government’s present ...
... efficiency and thereby reduce their emissions. The real issue is how this is done. This paper focuses on the British chemicals sector because current climate change and energy related policies look set to inflict serious damage on it in the near future. The key issue is that the government’s present ...
Final qualitative report
... business however, there is a concern that individual actions are somewhat futile. There is a belief that coordinated action can be effective, just as occurred with collective water saving actions during the drought – which worked not just to save and reduce water usage in the short term, but to ch ...
... business however, there is a concern that individual actions are somewhat futile. There is a belief that coordinated action can be effective, just as occurred with collective water saving actions during the drought – which worked not just to save and reduce water usage in the short term, but to ch ...
Europe`s power: Re-energising a progressive climate and
... Renewed leadership from Europe on climate change could help to leverage greater effort on the part of other major economies, and make a successful outcome at next year’s important international talks more likely. Given the grave security risks posed by global temperatures rising by more than 2°C, th ...
... Renewed leadership from Europe on climate change could help to leverage greater effort on the part of other major economies, and make a successful outcome at next year’s important international talks more likely. Given the grave security risks posed by global temperatures rising by more than 2°C, th ...
A Climate of Change - Redefining Progress
... Intersection of Race and Class African Americans are less responsible for global warming, with average household emissions of greenhouse gases that are nearly twenty percent lower than that of non-Hispanic whites. At the same time, African American communities are also more vulnerable to the consequ ...
... Intersection of Race and Class African Americans are less responsible for global warming, with average household emissions of greenhouse gases that are nearly twenty percent lower than that of non-Hispanic whites. At the same time, African American communities are also more vulnerable to the consequ ...
Pollution and Climate Change
... ◦ Past US pollution like current pollution ◦ Arceo-Gomez et al: dose-response comparable (Mexico vs. US) ◦ Non-linear relationship (log(y)): larger effects ...
... ◦ Past US pollution like current pollution ◦ Arceo-Gomez et al: dose-response comparable (Mexico vs. US) ◦ Non-linear relationship (log(y)): larger effects ...
China`s National Climate Change Programme
... technology and electronic sectors. Such change has brought about significant energy conservation benefits. During the period of 1991 ~ 2005, China has achieved an annual GDP growth rate of 10.2% with an annual growth rate of 5.6% in energy consumption, i.e. about 0.55 of the elasticity of energy con ...
... technology and electronic sectors. Such change has brought about significant energy conservation benefits. During the period of 1991 ~ 2005, China has achieved an annual GDP growth rate of 10.2% with an annual growth rate of 5.6% in energy consumption, i.e. about 0.55 of the elasticity of energy con ...
National Communication Change Climate
... was provided by private companies and consultants. The establishment of the National Climate Committee (CNC), by executive decree in June 1999, was a clear signal of the importance of climate change for the country. The elaboration of the First National Communication of Ecuador, under the responsibi ...
... was provided by private companies and consultants. The establishment of the National Climate Committee (CNC), by executive decree in June 1999, was a clear signal of the importance of climate change for the country. The elaboration of the First National Communication of Ecuador, under the responsibi ...
ALBEDO ENHANCEMENT BY STRATOSPHERIC SULFUR
... however, without linking opposite climate warming and improved air quality considerations. Instead of sulfur, it has also been proposed to launch reflecting small balloons or mirrors, or to add highly reflective nano-particles of other material than sulfur (Teller et al., 1997; Keith, 2000). An inte ...
... however, without linking opposite climate warming and improved air quality considerations. Instead of sulfur, it has also been proposed to launch reflecting small balloons or mirrors, or to add highly reflective nano-particles of other material than sulfur (Teller et al., 1997; Keith, 2000). An inte ...
Climate change mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.