IN THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA GAUTENG DIVISION
... is no provision in our domestic legislation, regulations or policies that expressly stipulates that a climate change assessment must be conducted before the grant of an environmental authorisation. Likewise, no such provision exists as part of South Africa’s obligations under international law. Sout ...
... is no provision in our domestic legislation, regulations or policies that expressly stipulates that a climate change assessment must be conducted before the grant of an environmental authorisation. Likewise, no such provision exists as part of South Africa’s obligations under international law. Sout ...
Impact of climate change on tropospheric ozone
... with the biggest driver being the projected increase in surface temperature. Changes in the emission of NOx by microorganisms in soils is another important climate-biosphere feedback, due to the importance of NOx in tropospheric photochemistry. These emissions are expected to increase in a warmer, w ...
... with the biggest driver being the projected increase in surface temperature. Changes in the emission of NOx by microorganisms in soils is another important climate-biosphere feedback, due to the importance of NOx in tropospheric photochemistry. These emissions are expected to increase in a warmer, w ...
CSPR Briefing C SP R B
... establishment of vegetation, means changes in carbon stocks which alter the exchange of carbon between the terrestrial ecosystem and the atmosphere, causing emissions or removal of carbon. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) adopted the “Good Practice Guidance for Land use, Land-use ...
... establishment of vegetation, means changes in carbon stocks which alter the exchange of carbon between the terrestrial ecosystem and the atmosphere, causing emissions or removal of carbon. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) adopted the “Good Practice Guidance for Land use, Land-use ...
ACSRI report - Columbia University
... University’s mission and values. It is hard to take such a position with respect to all fossil fuels firms given the University’s own position as a major user of fossil fuels in its on-going activities, both directly (gasoline for its fleet of vehicles; natural gas to heat its buildings) and indirec ...
... University’s mission and values. It is hard to take such a position with respect to all fossil fuels firms given the University’s own position as a major user of fossil fuels in its on-going activities, both directly (gasoline for its fleet of vehicles; natural gas to heat its buildings) and indirec ...
The International and Domestic Law of Climate Change: A Binding
... States’ domestic political, legal, and constitutional structure have come together on the climate issue in a revealing manner—one that thrusts into sharp relief the United States’ difficulties in managing foreign affairs while maintaining the domestic rule of law on heavily regulatory issues such as ...
... States’ domestic political, legal, and constitutional structure have come together on the climate issue in a revealing manner—one that thrusts into sharp relief the United States’ difficulties in managing foreign affairs while maintaining the domestic rule of law on heavily regulatory issues such as ...
Saturation of the terrestrial carbon sink
... to ambient levels (Jasoni et al. 2005). These examples illustrate that a variety of responses of NEP to CO2 can occur in different ecosystems. In summary, ecosystem responses to large step increases of CO2 concentration can show a strong saturation behavior driven by resource limitation. Plant growt ...
... to ambient levels (Jasoni et al. 2005). These examples illustrate that a variety of responses of NEP to CO2 can occur in different ecosystems. In summary, ecosystem responses to large step increases of CO2 concentration can show a strong saturation behavior driven by resource limitation. Plant growt ...
(CCS) and Climate Change Mitigation
... for 50% reduction of global greenhouse gases emissions from 1990 levels by 2050, in concert with German and British initiatives. 3 4 These ambitious targets are, however, in stark contrast to the current impasse of the Kyoto Protocol framework, the acting international system to deal with climate ch ...
... for 50% reduction of global greenhouse gases emissions from 1990 levels by 2050, in concert with German and British initiatives. 3 4 These ambitious targets are, however, in stark contrast to the current impasse of the Kyoto Protocol framework, the acting international system to deal with climate ch ...
Living within a Carbon Budget
... 2.3.1 The need for an inclusive inventory ...............................................................................17 Table 2.1: 2004 energy-related carbon emissions .....................................................18 2.3.2 What emissions reductions are necessary & over what time frame ? . ...
... 2.3.1 The need for an inclusive inventory ...............................................................................17 Table 2.1: 2004 energy-related carbon emissions .....................................................18 2.3.2 What emissions reductions are necessary & over what time frame ? . ...
Simulating effects of land use changes on carbon fluxes: past
... century. In combination, these products provide the opportunity to study the evolution of land use, atmospheric CO2 and climate over the industrial period and this century in a consistent way (Strengers et al., 2004). Recently, a new set of emission scenarios have become available that incorporate t ...
... century. In combination, these products provide the opportunity to study the evolution of land use, atmospheric CO2 and climate over the industrial period and this century in a consistent way (Strengers et al., 2004). Recently, a new set of emission scenarios have become available that incorporate t ...
Special Climate Change Program 2014-2018
... Mexico has made significant commitments in mitigation actions. The Climate Change General Law (LGCC) establishes the objective of cutting down emmissions 30% by the year 2020 with respect to the baseline, and 50% by 2050 compared to those registered in 2000. These objectives are ambitious, but the b ...
... Mexico has made significant commitments in mitigation actions. The Climate Change General Law (LGCC) establishes the objective of cutting down emmissions 30% by the year 2020 with respect to the baseline, and 50% by 2050 compared to those registered in 2000. These objectives are ambitious, but the b ...
India`s Megacities and Climate Change
... explains the incremental significance of climate change discourse with regard to the multi-faceted environmental issues which urban India faces today? Is the threat of climate change simply adding further dimensions to existing urban concerns, or does it offer a way to rethink conventional approache ...
... explains the incremental significance of climate change discourse with regard to the multi-faceted environmental issues which urban India faces today? Is the threat of climate change simply adding further dimensions to existing urban concerns, or does it offer a way to rethink conventional approache ...
Task 4.2 Calculation of metrics - Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre
... Task 3.2 Simulations for idealised forcing perturbations ........................................................... 12 Task 3.3 Simulations for realistic forcings ................................................................................. 15 WP 4 Existing metrics ............................. ...
... Task 3.2 Simulations for idealised forcing perturbations ........................................................... 12 Task 3.3 Simulations for realistic forcings ................................................................................. 15 WP 4 Existing metrics ............................. ...
Victoria Policy Institute- Air Pollution Costs
... and global cooling emissions.10 The analysis concluded that motor vehicles are the greatest contributor to atmospheric warming. Cars, buses, and trucks release pollutants and greenhouse gases that promote warming, while emitting few aerosols that counteract it. Putting a value on GHG emissions is di ...
... and global cooling emissions.10 The analysis concluded that motor vehicles are the greatest contributor to atmospheric warming. Cars, buses, and trucks release pollutants and greenhouse gases that promote warming, while emitting few aerosols that counteract it. Putting a value on GHG emissions is di ...
An Analysis of Senator McConnell`s Letter Urging States Not to
... http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/18/usa-carbon-epaidUSL1N0VR2ES20150218 (“EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy told an audience of state utility regulators meeting in Washington that she was giving them a ‘big hint’ the agency may loosen the interim targets set in its proposed rule for existing pow ...
... http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/18/usa-carbon-epaidUSL1N0VR2ES20150218 (“EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy told an audience of state utility regulators meeting in Washington that she was giving them a ‘big hint’ the agency may loosen the interim targets set in its proposed rule for existing pow ...
April 2013 News - South Asian Dialogues on Ecological Democracy
... Policies that focus on rural food production alone will not tackle the rising food insecurity in urban areas, says a report published on April 2, 2013 by the International Institute for Environment and Development. The report said: Policies to increase food security in the global South focus too muc ...
... Policies that focus on rural food production alone will not tackle the rising food insecurity in urban areas, says a report published on April 2, 2013 by the International Institute for Environment and Development. The report said: Policies to increase food security in the global South focus too muc ...
climate justice - Buffalo Law Review
... practicing scientists “were skeptical that we would see strong signs of humaninduced climate change in our lifetimes.” Brief of Amici Curiae Climate Scientists David Battisti et al. in support of Petitioners at 2, Mass. v. EPA, 127 S. Ct. 1438 (2007) (No. 05-1120) [hereinafter Brief of Amici Curiae ...
... practicing scientists “were skeptical that we would see strong signs of humaninduced climate change in our lifetimes.” Brief of Amici Curiae Climate Scientists David Battisti et al. in support of Petitioners at 2, Mass. v. EPA, 127 S. Ct. 1438 (2007) (No. 05-1120) [hereinafter Brief of Amici Curiae ...
A critical exploration of the concept of `climate stabilization`
... Climate stabilization has become an important approach to climate policy, and this paper provides a historical context to this approach and outlines points of critique. None of this is to denigrate the importance of climate mitigation, but rather to examine what the focus on climate stabilization ha ...
... Climate stabilization has become an important approach to climate policy, and this paper provides a historical context to this approach and outlines points of critique. None of this is to denigrate the importance of climate mitigation, but rather to examine what the focus on climate stabilization ha ...
UK`s Second Biennial Report
... The direct GHGs have different impacts on the atmosphere and are therefore assigned a global warming potential (GWP). The GWP is a means of providing a simple measure of the relative effects of the emissions of the various gases when compared with CO2 which has a GWP of 1. Once the emissions of GHGs ...
... The direct GHGs have different impacts on the atmosphere and are therefore assigned a global warming potential (GWP). The GWP is a means of providing a simple measure of the relative effects of the emissions of the various gases when compared with CO2 which has a GWP of 1. Once the emissions of GHGs ...
PDF
... absolute emission levels of developing countries are very low compared to industrialized countries both historically and at present. However emission amounts in developing countries are going to grow rapidly in the course of their economic development in the next decades.3 1.1.2 Climate Policy Given ...
... absolute emission levels of developing countries are very low compared to industrialized countries both historically and at present. However emission amounts in developing countries are going to grow rapidly in the course of their economic development in the next decades.3 1.1.2 Climate Policy Given ...
Climate Change and IDB: Building Resilience and Reducing
... committed to preserving its low-carbon electricity matrix over the long term—a commitment expressed in National Communications of all LAC countries. To pursue a low-carbon electricity matrix, the Region will have to rely on mitigation measures, particularly increasing installed capacity from renewab ...
... committed to preserving its low-carbon electricity matrix over the long term—a commitment expressed in National Communications of all LAC countries. To pursue a low-carbon electricity matrix, the Region will have to rely on mitigation measures, particularly increasing installed capacity from renewab ...
Long-Term Climate Change Commitment and Reversibility: An EMIC Intercomparison Please share
... with aerosols, which have a short atmospheric residence time. Greenhouse gases, on the other hand, have a longer atmospheric lifetime and their concentration and associated radiative forcing decline gradually after elimination of emissions. After about a century, the response is largely dominated by ...
... with aerosols, which have a short atmospheric residence time. Greenhouse gases, on the other hand, have a longer atmospheric lifetime and their concentration and associated radiative forcing decline gradually after elimination of emissions. After about a century, the response is largely dominated by ...
Bewertung der Risiken des Klimawandels für
... Looking to the 2030 horizon, Europeans will need a highly competitive and social market economy in order to maintain social cohesion and fight against climate change. The European Union needs to implement a common energy policy with both internal and external dimensions that will allow achieving gre ...
... Looking to the 2030 horizon, Europeans will need a highly competitive and social market economy in order to maintain social cohesion and fight against climate change. The European Union needs to implement a common energy policy with both internal and external dimensions that will allow achieving gre ...
I G S M
... in many nations and within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. To help provide objective and comprehensive analyses in support of this process, we have developed a model of the global climate system consisting of coupled sub-models of economic growth and associated emissions, ...
... in many nations and within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. To help provide objective and comprehensive analyses in support of this process, we have developed a model of the global climate system consisting of coupled sub-models of economic growth and associated emissions, ...
The future of the Covenant of Mayors
... from a bank or from private capital in order to be transformed into projects. This is often because the skills needed to achieve this are absent at the local authority level. The ELENA programme, managed by the European Investment Bank (EIB), can provide assistance in this respect, but it supports a ...
... from a bank or from private capital in order to be transformed into projects. This is often because the skills needed to achieve this are absent at the local authority level. The ELENA programme, managed by the European Investment Bank (EIB), can provide assistance in this respect, but it supports a ...
Climate change mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.