Black Carbon - State/Local Air Pollution Control Agencies
... emissions globally, and these emissions have been tied to reduced snow and ice albedo in the Arctic. • A large percentage of these emissions are due to wildfire (e.g., U.S. Alaskan fires). • Total organic carbon (OC) emissions (which may be cooling) are seven times higher than total BC emissions fro ...
... emissions globally, and these emissions have been tied to reduced snow and ice albedo in the Arctic. • A large percentage of these emissions are due to wildfire (e.g., U.S. Alaskan fires). • Total organic carbon (OC) emissions (which may be cooling) are seven times higher than total BC emissions fro ...
Greenhouse gas emission and its control in Hong Kong
... Framework Convention on Climate Change in its own right. However, it is HKSAR’s policy to contribute to international efforts to stabilize GHG concentrations in the atmosphere. Since there was a 11% increase in CO2 emission between 1990 and 2005 in Hong Kong, mitigation measures are required if Hong ...
... Framework Convention on Climate Change in its own right. However, it is HKSAR’s policy to contribute to international efforts to stabilize GHG concentrations in the atmosphere. Since there was a 11% increase in CO2 emission between 1990 and 2005 in Hong Kong, mitigation measures are required if Hong ...
Danielle Fields - IUCN Academy of Environmental Law
... period.”3 The Act also establishes “measures to reduce carbon emissions, such as making the introduction of domestic trading schemes quicker and easier through secondary legislation.”4 Also, the government must submit a report every five years detailing the risks of climate change to the UK.5 “Addit ...
... period.”3 The Act also establishes “measures to reduce carbon emissions, such as making the introduction of domestic trading schemes quicker and easier through secondary legislation.”4 Also, the government must submit a report every five years detailing the risks of climate change to the UK.5 “Addit ...
Global Climate Change: New Timelines
... Stippling is where the multimodel average change exceeds the standard deviation of the models ...
... Stippling is where the multimodel average change exceeds the standard deviation of the models ...
GRA Animal Health Network workshop Agenda
... researchers from across the world to investigate links and synergies between efforts to reduce livestock disease and reducing GHG emissions intensity. Workshop objectives ...
... researchers from across the world to investigate links and synergies between efforts to reduce livestock disease and reducing GHG emissions intensity. Workshop objectives ...
Prof David Karoly`s Presentation from the November
... • Rapid, sustained, and effective mitigation based on coordinated global and regional action is required to avoid "dangerous climate change" regardless of how it is defined. • Delay in initiating effective mitigation actions increases significantly the long-term social and economic costs of both ada ...
... • Rapid, sustained, and effective mitigation based on coordinated global and regional action is required to avoid "dangerous climate change" regardless of how it is defined. • Delay in initiating effective mitigation actions increases significantly the long-term social and economic costs of both ada ...
File - Andrew Holland
... this summit is slated to find a new agreement that will succeed the Kyoto Protocol.8 Diplomats have met under the UN’s auspices every year since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, and there has been no success in actually reducing total global emissions or the concentration of greenhouse gasses in the at ...
... this summit is slated to find a new agreement that will succeed the Kyoto Protocol.8 Diplomats have met under the UN’s auspices every year since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, and there has been no success in actually reducing total global emissions or the concentration of greenhouse gasses in the at ...
Germany - Climate Transparency
... The Climate Action Tracker (CAT) rates the EU emissions target as “medium”, meaning the INDC is inconsistent with limiting warming below 2°C. It would require other countries to make a comparably greater effort, and much deeper emissions reductions. The overall level of GHG emissions reductions prop ...
... The Climate Action Tracker (CAT) rates the EU emissions target as “medium”, meaning the INDC is inconsistent with limiting warming below 2°C. It would require other countries to make a comparably greater effort, and much deeper emissions reductions. The overall level of GHG emissions reductions prop ...
Brief on state of play in international climate change talks Climate
... Brief on state of play in international climate change talks Climate Change has emerged as a key environmental issue of global importance given that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts with a high degree of confidence an increase in global mean temperatures, changes in rain ...
... Brief on state of play in international climate change talks Climate Change has emerged as a key environmental issue of global importance given that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts with a high degree of confidence an increase in global mean temperatures, changes in rain ...
Climate Change and Energy
... unpredictable weather conditions, draughts and flooding, so greenhouse gas (GHG) management to reduce the impact on climate change has become a key challenge for the global community. Many governments are implementing new policies to reduce its national GHG emissions by imposing limits on GHG emissi ...
... unpredictable weather conditions, draughts and flooding, so greenhouse gas (GHG) management to reduce the impact on climate change has become a key challenge for the global community. Many governments are implementing new policies to reduce its national GHG emissions by imposing limits on GHG emissi ...
Climate Control and Ozone Depletion
... • Projected irreversible effects – Degradation and loss of 1/3 of coastal estuaries, wetlands, and coral reefs – Disruption of coastal fisheries – Flooding of • Low-lying barrier islands and coastal areas – In US » Louisiana, North Carolina, Texas, and South Carolina ...
... • Projected irreversible effects – Degradation and loss of 1/3 of coastal estuaries, wetlands, and coral reefs – Disruption of coastal fisheries – Flooding of • Low-lying barrier islands and coastal areas – In US » Louisiana, North Carolina, Texas, and South Carolina ...
Chart 1: Increasing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
... remain stalemated as parties reiterate their entrenched positions, or retreat backward as Canada did when it withdrew from the Kyoto Protocol which obliges developed countries to reduce their emissions. The impasse continues despite evidence that climate change is already contributing to nearly 400, ...
... remain stalemated as parties reiterate their entrenched positions, or retreat backward as Canada did when it withdrew from the Kyoto Protocol which obliges developed countries to reduce their emissions. The impasse continues despite evidence that climate change is already contributing to nearly 400, ...
Context Two scenarios – to consider scale of emission cuts required
... • Without massive mitigation at least a decade before the fact, the problem will be pervasive and long lasting • Countries that dawdle will suffer from lost opportunities… in every crisis, there are always opportunities for those that act decisively - Robert Hirsch, 2005 ...
... • Without massive mitigation at least a decade before the fact, the problem will be pervasive and long lasting • Countries that dawdle will suffer from lost opportunities… in every crisis, there are always opportunities for those that act decisively - Robert Hirsch, 2005 ...
Intro_Clim_Sci_prelim_post
... 1. The science of global warming. 2. The impacts of global warming on markets and environmental systems. 3. Why global warming poses such difficult problems for economic and environmental policy and the theory of stock global public goods. 4. The use of integrated assessment models to analyze trends ...
... 1. The science of global warming. 2. The impacts of global warming on markets and environmental systems. 3. Why global warming poses such difficult problems for economic and environmental policy and the theory of stock global public goods. 4. The use of integrated assessment models to analyze trends ...
greenhouse effect
... issue, “Global warming: Was it ever really a crisis?” and to “answer questions overlooked by the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).” 2. Who are these people? Composed of scientists from such prestigious places as MIT, Harvard, NASA, NOAA’s Hurricane Research Division, ...
... issue, “Global warming: Was it ever really a crisis?” and to “answer questions overlooked by the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).” 2. Who are these people? Composed of scientists from such prestigious places as MIT, Harvard, NASA, NOAA’s Hurricane Research Division, ...
doc (A5 small print booklet)
... and water will be available to all; A world of brotherhood, where success shall be founded on service and honour be given to integrity alone; A world of peace, where order shall not rest on force, but on the love of all for this wonderful world. Monday 7th December According Jonathon Porritt, “T ...
... and water will be available to all; A world of brotherhood, where success shall be founded on service and honour be given to integrity alone; A world of peace, where order shall not rest on force, but on the love of all for this wonderful world. Monday 7th December According Jonathon Porritt, “T ...
Topic 4 Ecology – with readings
... Essential idea: Concentrations of gases in the atmosphere affect climates experienced at the Earth’s surface. 4.4 Climate change Nature of science: Pg.236 4.4.NOS1 Assessing claims—assessment of the claims that human activities are producing climate change. (5.2) Understandings: International-minded ...
... Essential idea: Concentrations of gases in the atmosphere affect climates experienced at the Earth’s surface. 4.4 Climate change Nature of science: Pg.236 4.4.NOS1 Assessing claims—assessment of the claims that human activities are producing climate change. (5.2) Understandings: International-minded ...
Road Transport - the Carbon Challenge
... from road transport – but responsible vehicle use and other behaviour changes also have important roles A wide range range of fuel and vehicle technology options Low carbon technologies are more expensive and need additional incentives are needed to change the attitudes and purchasing behaviours ...
... from road transport – but responsible vehicle use and other behaviour changes also have important roles A wide range range of fuel and vehicle technology options Low carbon technologies are more expensive and need additional incentives are needed to change the attitudes and purchasing behaviours ...
Topic 4: Ecology
... and carbon dioxide concentrations on Earth. • Application: Evaluating claims that human activities are not causing climate change. Guidance: • Carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour should be included in discussions. • The harmful consequences of ozone depletion do not need to be discussed and it ...
... and carbon dioxide concentrations on Earth. • Application: Evaluating claims that human activities are not causing climate change. Guidance: • Carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour should be included in discussions. • The harmful consequences of ozone depletion do not need to be discussed and it ...
Slide 2 - Climate Action Partnership
... atmosphere by humans in a short time frame. Atmospheric CO2 levels have increased from 300 ppm to almost 400 ppm since the advent of the industrial revolution in the 1800’s. This increase in GHG levels has led to the atmosphere retaining more heat, which otherwise would have escaped into space, resu ...
... atmosphere by humans in a short time frame. Atmospheric CO2 levels have increased from 300 ppm to almost 400 ppm since the advent of the industrial revolution in the 1800’s. This increase in GHG levels has led to the atmosphere retaining more heat, which otherwise would have escaped into space, resu ...
Powerpoint
... See Fig. 23.6 •Sunlight enters the atmosphere •Radiation is backscattered in the form of longer wavelength radiation (infrared). Atmosphere works like the lid of a greenhouse. •The more greenhouse gases, the more this heat radiation is trapped in the atmosphere, warming air and Earth’s surface. ...
... See Fig. 23.6 •Sunlight enters the atmosphere •Radiation is backscattered in the form of longer wavelength radiation (infrared). Atmosphere works like the lid of a greenhouse. •The more greenhouse gases, the more this heat radiation is trapped in the atmosphere, warming air and Earth’s surface. ...
1 Frank Raes, Peter Bergamaschi, Hugh Eva, Alan Belward
... IN SUPPORT OF THE UNFCCC by the GCOS secretariat for the IPCC http://www.wmo.ch/web/gcos/gcoshome.html april 2003 ...
... IN SUPPORT OF THE UNFCCC by the GCOS secretariat for the IPCC http://www.wmo.ch/web/gcos/gcoshome.html april 2003 ...
Press Release: Asia / World Energy Outlook 2016—Consideration of
... evaluate a combination that minimises the total cost, the sum of mitigation costs, adaptation costs, and damages. Such evaluations do not require the world CO2 emissions to be reduced by half in 2050. Current emission levels will need to be cut by almost half after 2150, and the total cost is around ...
... evaluate a combination that minimises the total cost, the sum of mitigation costs, adaptation costs, and damages. Such evaluations do not require the world CO2 emissions to be reduced by half in 2050. Current emission levels will need to be cut by almost half after 2150, and the total cost is around ...
Climate change mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.