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a call to action - CDM Policy Dialogue
a call to action - CDM Policy Dialogue

... Mexico, South Korea, and other major emerging nations to explore domestic carbon market systems. Although the CDM has been criticized for approving some projects with questionable environmental and sustainable development benefits, the CDM has improved markedly in recent years and its positive impac ...
Public Awareness and Acceptance of CO2 capture and storage
Public Awareness and Acceptance of CO2 capture and storage

... This report details the findings of a survey about awareness and acceptance of carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage (CCS) conducted in 12 European Union countries. The countries included in the survey are Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, France, Greece, th ...
PDF
PDF

... The emission reduction commitments proposed at the end of COP XV in Copenhagen will probably fail to stabilise global warming below or around the 2°C target. According to most assessments, the proposed emission reductions can lead to a temperature increase above 3°C by the end of the century2. In th ...
Playing the Climate Dominoes: Tipping Points and the Cost of
Playing the Climate Dominoes: Tipping Points and the Cost of

... reductions. Unabated emissions accumulate in the atmosphere where they change the radiative balance, induce further warming feedbacks, increase global average surface temperature, and thereby cause economic damages. In addition to integrating tipping points, uncertainty, and learning, we also modify ...
3rd GLOBE review of climate change legislation
3rd GLOBE review of climate change legislation

... liketothankPatriciaCazenave,adviseronenvironmentallawintheArgentinean Congress; Andrea Rudnik, Head of Climate Change Office and Fernando Farías Ellies,GHGInventoryDeskOfficerattheChileanMinistryofEnvironment;LiTing, Tsinghua University and Ding Ding, Directo ...
FINAL Amazon Scorecard
FINAL Amazon Scorecard

... (Electronics/Computer) with 70. Twelve companies scored a total of 2 points or lower, with four of those companies falling within the six-company Food Services sector and three of them falling within the seven-company Apparel/Accessories sector. Six out of 12 companies in the Electronics/Computer s ...
Bill McKibben on NY Attorney General`s Exxon Investigation
Bill McKibben on NY Attorney General`s Exxon Investigation

... garner new commitments ahead of COP21. In the intervening 10 weeks between then and today, more than 100 institutions made new divestment commitments. The commitments vary in their exact language and some are only partial divestment commitments, or just apply to a particular fossil fuel, such as coa ...
Taxes, targets, and the social cost of carbon
Taxes, targets, and the social cost of carbon

... Focus on emission reductions creates problems. Must a poor country reduce its emissions as much as a rich one? Must a country (rich or poor) with very low per capita emissions reduce future emissions as much as a country with high per capital emissions? What should be the overall target for emission ...
A Climate for Change
A Climate for Change

... I have great pleasure in presenting to you one of the first UNDP National Human Development Reports concerning the most prominent challenge of our time – climate change and its impact on our society and economy. It is a breakthrough report for Croatia and the first of its kind following the new anal ...
investment and financial flows to address climate change
investment and financial flows to address climate change

... carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage (CCS), nuclear energy and hydropower. Investment in fossil fuel supply is expected to continue to grow, but at a reduced rate. Currently most of the power sector investment is made by government-owned or private, usually regulated, electric utilities, and is ...
investment and financial flows to address climate change
investment and financial flows to address climate change

... carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage (CCS), nuclear energy and hydropower. Investment in fossil fuel supply is expected to continue to grow, but at a reduced rate. Currently most of the power sector investment is made by government-owned or private, usually regulated, electric utilities, and is ...
10 Years of Experience in Carbon Finance
10 Years of Experience in Carbon Finance

... The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denomi ...
Characterizing the international carbon capture and storage community Jennie C. Stephens ,
Characterizing the international carbon capture and storage community Jennie C. Stephens ,

... conflict with those reached by the general public, thus enhancing an apparent disconnect between those within and outside specific communities of energy-technology professionals. Historical examples of energy technology development, such as nuclear energy, have shown that public resistance can have a ...
The Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change using CO2 Capture
The Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change using CO2 Capture

- Konrad-Adenauer
- Konrad-Adenauer

... the South should bear far less responsibility than the North, whose high per capita emissions and opulent lifestyles were assumed to be the primary causes of climate change. As early as the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, most developing countries insisted on the principle of “common but differentiated respo ...
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PDF

... effectiveness. While CDR strategies tend to be costly and slow in terms of temperature response [38], Solar Radiation Management has been argued to be a more cost-effective solution since it can reduce the effects of global warming relatively quickly [34, 19] and hence provides a potential game-chan ...
EuTRACE - IASS Potsdam
EuTRACE - IASS Potsdam

... There is a broad scientific consensus that humans are changing the composition of the atmosphere and that this, in turn, is modifying the climate and other global systems. The likely harmful impacts on societies and ecosystems, along with possibilities for mitigation and adaptation, have been docume ...
Shaping Tomorrow Today: Near-Term Steps Towards Long
Shaping Tomorrow Today: Near-Term Steps Towards Long

... Throughout history, leaders have made choices in an attempt to achieve long-term goals. Sometimes, they have chosen well, and sometimes poorly. On occasion, future generations can look back and say leaders acted effectively to achieve their long-term goals. Other times, the unintended consequences o ...
Stern Review: The Economics of Climate Change
Stern Review: The Economics of Climate Change

... societies and economies from its impacts to some extent – for example, by providing better information, improved planning and more climate-resilient crops and infrastructure. Adaptation will cost tens of billions of dollars a year in developing countries alone, and will put still further pressure on ...
Update on Climate Geoengineering in Relation to the
Update on Climate Geoengineering in Relation to the

... action to date to reduce future emissions, the use of geoengineering techniques has been suggested and is being explored as a potential additional means to limit the magnitude of climate change. Such techniques have generated much discussions on their actual effectiveness and safety, and have also r ...
Draft Environmental Impact Statement
Draft Environmental Impact Statement

... levels, cloud cover, ocean temperatures and currents, and other climatic conditions. Scientific research has shown that in the past century, the earth’s surface temperature has risen by an average of about 1.3 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) (0.74 °Celsius [C]) and sea levels have risen 6.7 inches (0.17 met ...
Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in the Tourism Sector
Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in the Tourism Sector

... The UNEP Tourism and Environment programme aims to facilitate the local efforts by tourism stakeholders in integrating climate change into their broader institutional, industry, sectoral, policy and national goals and programs, i.e., ‘mainstreaming’ climate change (mainstreaming climate change refer ...
India - unfccc
India - unfccc

... Change. The Communication has been prepared by a national effort and contributions of experts involving more than 200 scientists and experts belonging to various institutions countrywide, constituted into more than 120 multi-disciplinary teams to work on various aspects of climate change. It is to b ...
Jordan`s Third National
Jordan`s Third National

... Jordan is committed to being an active player in the international climate efforts based on the principles of the UNFCCC. The following pages will provide all interested parties and institutions with a long term, scientifically sound description of the projected impacts of Climate Change on Jordan, ...
Environmental governance and climate change in Africa
Environmental governance and climate change in Africa

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Climate change mitigation



Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.
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