Non-market-based approaches United Nations
... eliminating fossil fuel subsidies would lead to a 10 per cent reduction in GHG emissions below ‘business as usual’ by 2050.20 While IMF proposes that subsidy reform could lead to a more efficient allocation of resources, which could increase economic growth over the longer term and also benefit the ...
... eliminating fossil fuel subsidies would lead to a 10 per cent reduction in GHG emissions below ‘business as usual’ by 2050.20 While IMF proposes that subsidy reform could lead to a more efficient allocation of resources, which could increase economic growth over the longer term and also benefit the ...
Biome Q10 and Dryness - Qc.edu
... and global warming [14,15]. Furthermore, we reiterate the findings of Zhou et al. [4] that models of soil responses to climate change, at least at the biome level, should not assume Q10 = 2, but need to accommodate the sensitivity of soil respiration in different soil types to dryness. Thus, the fee ...
... and global warming [14,15]. Furthermore, we reiterate the findings of Zhou et al. [4] that models of soil responses to climate change, at least at the biome level, should not assume Q10 = 2, but need to accommodate the sensitivity of soil respiration in different soil types to dryness. Thus, the fee ...
Does global change increase the success of biological invaders?
... ecosystem’s aboveground biomass27. Burgess et al.28 suggest that successive years of higher-than-normal warmseason rainfall in Arizona allowed Sonoran desert populations of buffel-grass (Cenchrus ciliaris), an introduced perennial, to expand. In these desert environments (and in many others), buildu ...
... ecosystem’s aboveground biomass27. Burgess et al.28 suggest that successive years of higher-than-normal warmseason rainfall in Arizona allowed Sonoran desert populations of buffel-grass (Cenchrus ciliaris), an introduced perennial, to expand. In these desert environments (and in many others), buildu ...
Barbier, E.B., 2009, A Global Green New Deal
... enhance economic recovery through such a low-carbon strategy. The proposed initiatives also illustrate the importance of adopting complementary carbon pricing policies, which should include removing perverse subsidies and other distortions in energy markets. For example, elements of a “green economi ...
... enhance economic recovery through such a low-carbon strategy. The proposed initiatives also illustrate the importance of adopting complementary carbon pricing policies, which should include removing perverse subsidies and other distortions in energy markets. For example, elements of a “green economi ...
How to read a Climate-Fact-Sheet
... system, the reason for this is to be found in certain assumptions about the future development of greenhouse gas emissions, whereby we are at present only minimally able to assess, for example, how technical or political processes will operate in the future. In addition to this, real meteorological ...
... system, the reason for this is to be found in certain assumptions about the future development of greenhouse gas emissions, whereby we are at present only minimally able to assess, for example, how technical or political processes will operate in the future. In addition to this, real meteorological ...
Here - Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
... local hydrological processes these gradients are very important, and therefore further downscaling of climate projections is necessary (Buytaert et al., 2009). The need for downscaling is particularly urgent for mountainous regions. Mountain regions provide important environmental services, such as ...
... local hydrological processes these gradients are very important, and therefore further downscaling of climate projections is necessary (Buytaert et al., 2009). The need for downscaling is particularly urgent for mountainous regions. Mountain regions provide important environmental services, such as ...
Global Change: Climate Alteration and Global
... as some scientists predict, polar bears could decline and could even become extinct. where there are holes in this ice. The bears roam the ice in search of these holes and pounce on seals that come to the surface. In many cases, the bears only consume seal blubber because it contains a great deal of ...
... as some scientists predict, polar bears could decline and could even become extinct. where there are holes in this ice. The bears roam the ice in search of these holes and pounce on seals that come to the surface. In many cases, the bears only consume seal blubber because it contains a great deal of ...
2000 year atmospheric history of methyl chloride from a South Pole
... al., 2000; Wang et al., 2005]. These changes were associated with migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, changes in ENSO patterns, and changes in the strength of the Asian and Indian Ocean monsoons. [13] Greenhouse experiments by Yokouchi et al. [2002] indicate large emission rates of CH3C ...
... al., 2000; Wang et al., 2005]. These changes were associated with migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, changes in ENSO patterns, and changes in the strength of the Asian and Indian Ocean monsoons. [13] Greenhouse experiments by Yokouchi et al. [2002] indicate large emission rates of CH3C ...
Global fossil energy markets and climate change mitigation – an
... In the energy economics literature, resource abundance and the future of energy markets are highly disputed. The “optimistic” perspective is usually captured by a cumulative supply cost function that assumes higher prices will make more deposits competitive (Aguilera et al. 2009). This concept impli ...
... In the energy economics literature, resource abundance and the future of energy markets are highly disputed. The “optimistic” perspective is usually captured by a cumulative supply cost function that assumes higher prices will make more deposits competitive (Aguilera et al. 2009). This concept impli ...
Climate change impacts on human health
... Publication Date: 2016 220 pages Countries of Focus: Global. Examples from Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, Australia and Pacific Islands. Lessons Learned: Chapter 8 Tailoring climate information for health is a new and complex domain. Lessons from multidisciplinary teams around the world show t ...
... Publication Date: 2016 220 pages Countries of Focus: Global. Examples from Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, Australia and Pacific Islands. Lessons Learned: Chapter 8 Tailoring climate information for health is a new and complex domain. Lessons from multidisciplinary teams around the world show t ...
David A. Ridley - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
... Presentations and Workshops ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Speaker in “Mineral Dust Aerosols: From Small-Scale Insights to Large-Scale Understanding” Session, American Geophysical U ...
... Presentations and Workshops ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Speaker in “Mineral Dust Aerosols: From Small-Scale Insights to Large-Scale Understanding” Session, American Geophysical U ...
West Africa Working Group - International Ocean Institute
... to marine and coastal areas by targeted actions. The original mandate was in a “broad sense” adequate to (1) address environmental problems of specific interest and priority to participating countries through their collective will and commitment, (2) deal with immediate, underlying and root causes o ...
... to marine and coastal areas by targeted actions. The original mandate was in a “broad sense” adequate to (1) address environmental problems of specific interest and priority to participating countries through their collective will and commitment, (2) deal with immediate, underlying and root causes o ...
Soil Organic Matter - Charles Merfield
... historical loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) in North America, and that substantial SOC sequestration can be accomplished by changing from conventional plowing to less intensive methods known as conservation tillage. This is based on experiments where changes in carbon storage have been estimated th ...
... historical loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) in North America, and that substantial SOC sequestration can be accomplished by changing from conventional plowing to less intensive methods known as conservation tillage. This is based on experiments where changes in carbon storage have been estimated th ...
Indigenous knowledge about climate change
... precipitation and flash floods, sea level rise, etc. It is very likely that such extreme events will continue to become more frequent, posing potential threat to ecosystems especially agricultural production and productivity throughout the world. Adding to the misery, non-climatic stresses such as p ...
... precipitation and flash floods, sea level rise, etc. It is very likely that such extreme events will continue to become more frequent, posing potential threat to ecosystems especially agricultural production and productivity throughout the world. Adding to the misery, non-climatic stresses such as p ...
Fighting Global Warming at the Farmer`s Market
... consumption was on the rise in the air and ground transport sectors between 1991 and 1996, fuel consumption from the less polluting transportation modes, water and rail, actually decreased during this period. 12 Despite the prominent role that transportation plays in contributing to greenhouse gas e ...
... consumption was on the rise in the air and ground transport sectors between 1991 and 1996, fuel consumption from the less polluting transportation modes, water and rail, actually decreased during this period. 12 Despite the prominent role that transportation plays in contributing to greenhouse gas e ...
Who`s Afraid of Thomas Malthus?
... than subsistence. Linear growth in food supply cannot make up for the skyrocketing needs of the exponentially growing population. At some point, population growth runs against the limit imposed by minimum food intake per capita. In a society characterized by social inequality, the poorest of the poo ...
... than subsistence. Linear growth in food supply cannot make up for the skyrocketing needs of the exponentially growing population. At some point, population growth runs against the limit imposed by minimum food intake per capita. In a society characterized by social inequality, the poorest of the poo ...
Environmental and economical effects of fossil fuels
... two fossil fuels. China and India are major users of coal for energy provision. Coal causes asthma and other health problems, destroys the environment, and releases toxic mercury into communities. Because of its high carbon content, coal emits more CO2 than any other fossil fuel when its burns. It i ...
... two fossil fuels. China and India are major users of coal for energy provision. Coal causes asthma and other health problems, destroys the environment, and releases toxic mercury into communities. Because of its high carbon content, coal emits more CO2 than any other fossil fuel when its burns. It i ...
Environmental prices, uncertainty, and learning
... This uncertainty is pervasive, not being confined to more celebrated cases such as anthropogenic climate change (Pindyck 2007). Moreover – and this is the crucial point for our paper – it is not of a kind reducible merely to uncertainty about a set of key parameters. Rather, there is usually a deepe ...
... This uncertainty is pervasive, not being confined to more celebrated cases such as anthropogenic climate change (Pindyck 2007). Moreover – and this is the crucial point for our paper – it is not of a kind reducible merely to uncertainty about a set of key parameters. Rather, there is usually a deepe ...
Climate-Smart Agriculture Success Stories - CGSpace
... continue to do so for the foreseeable future, no matter what measures are now taken. For agriculture, change will also be significant, as temperatures rise, rainfall patterns change and pests and diseases find new ranges, posing new risks to food and farming. Until recently, agriculture has tended t ...
... continue to do so for the foreseeable future, no matter what measures are now taken. For agriculture, change will also be significant, as temperatures rise, rainfall patterns change and pests and diseases find new ranges, posing new risks to food and farming. Until recently, agriculture has tended t ...
Generational Jeopardy and a discussion on solutions
... issue and unlikely to have strongly held opinions about what, if anything, should be done ...
... issue and unlikely to have strongly held opinions about what, if anything, should be done ...
Glen Harris
... (or indeed any emulated equilibrium response), if they were coupled instead to a dynamic ocean (HadCM3). Solution: Scale anomaly patterns for each slab member by global mean surface temperature anomaly ΔT(t) predicted by a Simple Climate Model (SCM) Proposed in 1990 by Santer, Wigley, Schlesinger & ...
... (or indeed any emulated equilibrium response), if they were coupled instead to a dynamic ocean (HadCM3). Solution: Scale anomaly patterns for each slab member by global mean surface temperature anomaly ΔT(t) predicted by a Simple Climate Model (SCM) Proposed in 1990 by Santer, Wigley, Schlesinger & ...
Working Paper 224 - Baranzini et al (opens in new window)
... 3. Seven arguments in favor of international carbon pricing Carbon pricing affects carbon emissions by penalizing energy sources in proportion to their carbon content. It is easily applicable to emissions coming from energy use, but can be extended to emissions arising from land use changes and othe ...
... 3. Seven arguments in favor of international carbon pricing Carbon pricing affects carbon emissions by penalizing energy sources in proportion to their carbon content. It is easily applicable to emissions coming from energy use, but can be extended to emissions arising from land use changes and othe ...
Technology Needs Assessments under the UNFCCC process
... – Highlights priority technology needs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and facilitate adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change based on information contained in 23 TNAs and 25 initial national communications submitted by non-Annex I Parties. – Draws attention to specific barriers to te ...
... – Highlights priority technology needs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and facilitate adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change based on information contained in 23 TNAs and 25 initial national communications submitted by non-Annex I Parties. – Draws attention to specific barriers to te ...
After Kyoto: A Global Scramble for Advantage
... percent of all greenhouse gases, which then totaled 6 billion tons annually.3 The developing countries, led by China, produced the remaining 36 percent. Forecasts of emissions for the year 2015 place total emissions at 8.45 billion tons, with the developing countries producing 52 percent of the tota ...
... percent of all greenhouse gases, which then totaled 6 billion tons annually.3 The developing countries, led by China, produced the remaining 36 percent. Forecasts of emissions for the year 2015 place total emissions at 8.45 billion tons, with the developing countries producing 52 percent of the tota ...
B. Principles - The State University of Zanzibar
... 10. Any emission reduction units, or any part of an assigned amount, which a Party acquires from another Party in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 or of Article 17 shall be added to the assigned amount for the acquiring Party. 11. Any emission reduction units, or any part of an assigned a ...
... 10. Any emission reduction units, or any part of an assigned amount, which a Party acquires from another Party in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 or of Article 17 shall be added to the assigned amount for the acquiring Party. 11. Any emission reduction units, or any part of an assigned a ...
Years of Living Dangerously
Years of Living Dangerously is a documentary television series focusing on global warming. The first season premiered on April 13, 2014, consisted of 9 episodes, and ran on Showtime. It won an Emmy Award as Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series. The second season, consisting of 8 episodes, is expected to air on the National Geographic Channel in late 2016, with broader distribution than the first season. James Cameron, Arnold Schwarzenegger, and clean energy investor and environmental activist Daniel Abbasi are executive producers of the series, as was the late Jerry Weintraub for the first season. Joel Bach and David Gelber, former 60 Minutes producers, are co-creators of the series as well as executive producers. Joseph Romm and Heidi Cullen are the chief science advisors.The weekly episodes feature celebrity investigators, who each have a history of environmental activism, and well-known journalists, each of whom have a background in environmental reportage. These ""correspondents"" travel to areas around the world and throughout the U.S. affected by global warming to interview experts and ordinary people affected by, and seeking solutions to, the effects of global warming. They act as proxies for the audience, asking questions to find out people's opinions and to discover the scientific evidence. The celebrities in season 1 included Harrison Ford, Matt Damon, Ian Somerhalder, Jessica Alba, Don Cheadle, America Ferrera, Michael C. Hall, Olivia Munn and Schwarzenegger. The journalists include Lesley Stahl, Thomas Friedman, Chris Hayes and Mark Bittman. The final episode of season 1 featured an interview by Friedman of President Barack Obama. In season 2, David Letterman has agreed to travel to India to interview the prime minister and examine how the country plans to distribute solar power to its entire population over the next decade. The show will send Schwarzenegger as a correspondent to China. Other hosts for season 2 include Cameron, Somerhalder, Munn, Friedman, Cheadle, and newcomers Jack Black, Joshua Jackson, Aasif Mandvi, Cecily Strong and Ty Burrell in an episode about electric cars. Season 2 is expected to cover more impacts of climate change, like hurricanes, historic droughts and the rapidly increasing extinction rate of species, but Bach noted that the season will ""focus much more ... on solutions that individuals, communities, companies and even governments can use to address worldwide climate change.""Schwarzenegger reflected on how the series tries to make the issue of climate change resonate with the public: ""I think the environmental movement only can be successful if we are simple and clear and make it a human story. We will tell human stories in this project. The scientists would never get the kind of attention that someone in show business gets."" Cameron elaborated: ""We didn’t use our celebrities as talking head experts, because they’re not climate experts. They were concerned, intelligent, curious citizens who were out to find answers. They were functioning as journalists."" Newsweek said that the celebrity reporters ""lend sparks to an issue that sends most viewers for the exits"".