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Negotiating the Next Climate Change Treaty
... A quantitative answer is more difficult for various reasons. One approach has been to determine the maximum allowable mean global temperature change. In 1996, the Council of the European Union declared that mean global temperature should not be allowed to increase by more than 2° C above the pre-indu ...
... A quantitative answer is more difficult for various reasons. One approach has been to determine the maximum allowable mean global temperature change. In 1996, the Council of the European Union declared that mean global temperature should not be allowed to increase by more than 2° C above the pre-indu ...
5.6.2 Water temperature
... discharge including water level and retention time; chemical changes, in particular oxygen content, nutrient loading and water colour; biological changes affecting the structure and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Changes in these variables lead to impacts on all the socio-economic and env ...
... discharge including water level and retention time; chemical changes, in particular oxygen content, nutrient loading and water colour; biological changes affecting the structure and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Changes in these variables lead to impacts on all the socio-economic and env ...
Inability of stratospheric sulfate aerosol injections to preserve the
... Accepted 2 JUN 2015 Accepted article online 4 JUN 2015 ...
... Accepted 2 JUN 2015 Accepted article online 4 JUN 2015 ...
Causes of the Global Warming Observed since the 19th Century
... 19th century. It is critically important to determine whether this global warming is due to natural causes, as contended by climate contrarians, or by human activities, as argued by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. This study updates our earlier calculations which showed that the obser ...
... 19th century. It is critically important to determine whether this global warming is due to natural causes, as contended by climate contrarians, or by human activities, as argued by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. This study updates our earlier calculations which showed that the obser ...
Climate Change Threatens the Survival of Coral Reefs
... since the beginning of the 20th century. This warming has taken place at a faster rate than at any previous time for which we have evidence, including the fossil record for those ocean regions where coral reef ecosystems have grown for millions of years [1]. ...
... since the beginning of the 20th century. This warming has taken place at a faster rate than at any previous time for which we have evidence, including the fossil record for those ocean regions where coral reef ecosystems have grown for millions of years [1]. ...
CO2 as a primary driver of Phanerozoic climate: COMMENT
... likely in the form of solar modulation of the cosmic ray flux (CRF) (e.g., Tinsley and Deen, 1991; Svensmark, 1998, 2000; Marsh and Svensmark, 2000, 2003; Palle Bago and Butler, 2000; Egorova et al., 2000). Note that Royer et al. do not dispute the existence of the CRF/temperature correlation of Sha ...
... likely in the form of solar modulation of the cosmic ray flux (CRF) (e.g., Tinsley and Deen, 1991; Svensmark, 1998, 2000; Marsh and Svensmark, 2000, 2003; Palle Bago and Butler, 2000; Egorova et al., 2000). Note that Royer et al. do not dispute the existence of the CRF/temperature correlation of Sha ...
the full-sized Document - University of Alberta
... and the Natural Resources Defence Council first petitioned to have the polar bear listed as threatened last February [Feb. 2005]. Under the [U.S.] Endangered Species Act, the Secretary of the Interior has 90 days to reply. But having not received a reply to their petition by October, the three group ...
... and the Natural Resources Defence Council first petitioned to have the polar bear listed as threatened last February [Feb. 2005]. Under the [U.S.] Endangered Species Act, the Secretary of the Interior has 90 days to reply. But having not received a reply to their petition by October, the three group ...
Updated compilation of information on the mitigation benefits of
... This updated technical paper compiles information on the mitigation and sustainable development benefits of actions, initiatives and options to enhance mitigation ambition, with a focus on the thematic areas of land use, urban environments, carbon dioxide capture, use and storage, and non-carbon dio ...
... This updated technical paper compiles information on the mitigation and sustainable development benefits of actions, initiatives and options to enhance mitigation ambition, with a focus on the thematic areas of land use, urban environments, carbon dioxide capture, use and storage, and non-carbon dio ...
Evidence for intensification of the global water cycle: Review and
... (Wetherald and Manabe, 2002). As global temperature increased considerably over the 20th century, especially since the 1970s, (Jones and Moberg, 2003), it is reasonable to ask whether trends in hydrologic variables and related indicators are consistent with an intensified water cycle during that per ...
... (Wetherald and Manabe, 2002). As global temperature increased considerably over the 20th century, especially since the 1970s, (Jones and Moberg, 2003), it is reasonable to ask whether trends in hydrologic variables and related indicators are consistent with an intensified water cycle during that per ...
Hydrology as a driver of biodiversity: Controls on carrying capacity
... controlled by moisture limitation. They conduct a continentalscale analysis of Africa in an effort to determine whether savannas are primarily climatically determined or disturbance driven, finding that savannas are predominantly water limited in locations with less than approximately 650 mm yr 1, wh ...
... controlled by moisture limitation. They conduct a continentalscale analysis of Africa in an effort to determine whether savannas are primarily climatically determined or disturbance driven, finding that savannas are predominantly water limited in locations with less than approximately 650 mm yr 1, wh ...
Resources How to Evaluate Domestic Climate Policy Options 14
... environmental regulations that influence the electric utility sector, including controls of multipollutants and carbon emissions. p. 19 Ian W.H. Parry, an RFF senior fellow, evaluates the cost-effectiveness and net benefits of policies to reduce externalities related to the environment and transport ...
... environmental regulations that influence the electric utility sector, including controls of multipollutants and carbon emissions. p. 19 Ian W.H. Parry, an RFF senior fellow, evaluates the cost-effectiveness and net benefits of policies to reduce externalities related to the environment and transport ...
Vulnerability to climate change and natural disasters of coastal cities
... upstream and within city Significant investments in reducing water leakages, equivalent to 1 Million people demand Lack of coastal zones plans protections, institutional capacity still limited Architecture & urban construtction on the low-carbon strategies - Beijing 20-24, 2011 ...
... upstream and within city Significant investments in reducing water leakages, equivalent to 1 Million people demand Lack of coastal zones plans protections, institutional capacity still limited Architecture & urban construtction on the low-carbon strategies - Beijing 20-24, 2011 ...
1 Security K 1NC
... The celebratory discourse of satellite technology seeks global security and excludes critical thought. Karen T. Litfin, Ph.D., Department of Political Science University of Washington ,19 97, Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, Vol. 18, No. 2, Intersections of Feminisms, The Gendered Eye in the S ...
... The celebratory discourse of satellite technology seeks global security and excludes critical thought. Karen T. Litfin, Ph.D., Department of Political Science University of Washington ,19 97, Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, Vol. 18, No. 2, Intersections of Feminisms, The Gendered Eye in the S ...
Low-carbon Economic Legislation of Developed Countries and the
... consumption structure, the growth rate of China's carbon dioxide emissions has been the highest in the world. China's carbon dioxide emissions will surpass that of the United States, ranking first in the world. In terms of carbon dioxide emissions, China is likely to surpass the United States in 203 ...
... consumption structure, the growth rate of China's carbon dioxide emissions has been the highest in the world. China's carbon dioxide emissions will surpass that of the United States, ranking first in the world. In terms of carbon dioxide emissions, China is likely to surpass the United States in 203 ...
Formation and evolution of the periglacial landscape under major
... Mars since only with such orbital configuration the pole-facing slopes receive more solar radiation in summer than the equator-facing slopes [13]. In accordance to our study, Global Climate Model predicted the deposition of an eolian icy-deposit in UP during periods of medium obliquity (35°), and th ...
... Mars since only with such orbital configuration the pole-facing slopes receive more solar radiation in summer than the equator-facing slopes [13]. In accordance to our study, Global Climate Model predicted the deposition of an eolian icy-deposit in UP during periods of medium obliquity (35°), and th ...
Approaching a state shift in Earth`s biosphere
... its ability to sustain us and other species1–3. This realization has led to a growing interest in forecasting biological responses on all scales from local to global4–7. However, most biological forecasting now depends on projecting recent trends into the future assuming various environmental pressu ...
... its ability to sustain us and other species1–3. This realization has led to a growing interest in forecasting biological responses on all scales from local to global4–7. However, most biological forecasting now depends on projecting recent trends into the future assuming various environmental pressu ...
Stand for Global Justice
... (making up 30-40 percent of the total population) live and rely on for their livelihood - the vast majority of whom do not have legal land tenure. New land laws introduced in 2012 have strengthened the legal framework for further land acquisition by large private businesses forcing communities off ...
... (making up 30-40 percent of the total population) live and rely on for their livelihood - the vast majority of whom do not have legal land tenure. New land laws introduced in 2012 have strengthened the legal framework for further land acquisition by large private businesses forcing communities off ...
CLIMATE OF DISPLACEMENT, CLIMATE FOR PROTECTION
... practice was adjusted and eventually included landless people who came from areas where there was a lack of food and who would be in a particularly vulnerable position upon return. At a minimum, the human rights principle of non-refoulement may provide some basic protection against return in the oth ...
... practice was adjusted and eventually included landless people who came from areas where there was a lack of food and who would be in a particularly vulnerable position upon return. At a minimum, the human rights principle of non-refoulement may provide some basic protection against return in the oth ...
A Harsh Climate for Trade TRADE POL YSIS ANAL
... climate change.1 Under a cap-and-trade program, firms would lower their greenhouse-gas emissions in response to a government-imposed cap on total national emissions. Those emitting less than their allotted cap would be able to sell their excess emission allowances to firms exceeding their emissions ...
... climate change.1 Under a cap-and-trade program, firms would lower their greenhouse-gas emissions in response to a government-imposed cap on total national emissions. Those emitting less than their allotted cap would be able to sell their excess emission allowances to firms exceeding their emissions ...
CLIMATE POLICY IN THE PEOPLE`S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
... the past four years installed capacity in the wind sector has doubled each year and in 2009 it had already reached 25.8 GW. In that same year China overtook Germany in terms of cumulative capacity, lying second only to the USA. In terms of newly-installed capacity, China came out at the top of the p ...
... the past four years installed capacity in the wind sector has doubled each year and in 2009 it had already reached 25.8 GW. In that same year China overtook Germany in terms of cumulative capacity, lying second only to the USA. In terms of newly-installed capacity, China came out at the top of the p ...
Italian Policies and Measures to Respond to Climate Change
... objective, while recognising at the same time that climate change at a certain degree is already occurring and therefore some efforts should be put also in trying to identify the best options for adaptation, taking into account the “common but differentiated responsibilities” of the Parties to the C ...
... objective, while recognising at the same time that climate change at a certain degree is already occurring and therefore some efforts should be put also in trying to identify the best options for adaptation, taking into account the “common but differentiated responsibilities” of the Parties to the C ...
Climate Change: Closing the COP21 Gap by Going Solar
... This study therefore investigates the impact of the COP21 agreement on the solar industry. Using industry trends and projections to determine the potential contribution of solar energy to meeting emissions reduction targets worldwide, the study uses a REC-developed model to calculate the solar capac ...
... This study therefore investigates the impact of the COP21 agreement on the solar industry. Using industry trends and projections to determine the potential contribution of solar energy to meeting emissions reduction targets worldwide, the study uses a REC-developed model to calculate the solar capac ...
Implications of global warming for the climate of African rainforests
... Changes in local temperature and precipitation have the potential to affect African rainforests and have led to large ecological shifts on millennial timescales [1]. Projecting the impact of anthropogenic interference on the climate of West and Central Africa is therefore important: to provide infor ...
... Changes in local temperature and precipitation have the potential to affect African rainforests and have led to large ecological shifts on millennial timescales [1]. Projecting the impact of anthropogenic interference on the climate of West and Central Africa is therefore important: to provide infor ...
Global Warming Effects on Antarctic Ecosystems with
... Antarctica is the world’s southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. Most of the land mass is located south of the Antarctic Circle (at latitude 66° 33′ 39″). At 14.425 million km², Antarctica is the third-smallest continent before Europe and Australia. The coastline measures 17 ...
... Antarctica is the world’s southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. Most of the land mass is located south of the Antarctic Circle (at latitude 66° 33′ 39″). At 14.425 million km², Antarctica is the third-smallest continent before Europe and Australia. The coastline measures 17 ...
Managing Water Resources in the Face of
... social sectors will be adversely affected. The water resources sector on most islands is one that will be strongly impacted by climate change. Against a background of increasing demand for potable water, sea-level rise may lead to flooding of lowlands and seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers, wh ...
... social sectors will be adversely affected. The water resources sector on most islands is one that will be strongly impacted by climate change. Against a background of increasing demand for potable water, sea-level rise may lead to flooding of lowlands and seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers, wh ...
Years of Living Dangerously
Years of Living Dangerously is a documentary television series focusing on global warming. The first season premiered on April 13, 2014, consisted of 9 episodes, and ran on Showtime. It won an Emmy Award as Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series. The second season, consisting of 8 episodes, is expected to air on the National Geographic Channel in late 2016, with broader distribution than the first season. James Cameron, Arnold Schwarzenegger, and clean energy investor and environmental activist Daniel Abbasi are executive producers of the series, as was the late Jerry Weintraub for the first season. Joel Bach and David Gelber, former 60 Minutes producers, are co-creators of the series as well as executive producers. Joseph Romm and Heidi Cullen are the chief science advisors.The weekly episodes feature celebrity investigators, who each have a history of environmental activism, and well-known journalists, each of whom have a background in environmental reportage. These ""correspondents"" travel to areas around the world and throughout the U.S. affected by global warming to interview experts and ordinary people affected by, and seeking solutions to, the effects of global warming. They act as proxies for the audience, asking questions to find out people's opinions and to discover the scientific evidence. The celebrities in season 1 included Harrison Ford, Matt Damon, Ian Somerhalder, Jessica Alba, Don Cheadle, America Ferrera, Michael C. Hall, Olivia Munn and Schwarzenegger. The journalists include Lesley Stahl, Thomas Friedman, Chris Hayes and Mark Bittman. The final episode of season 1 featured an interview by Friedman of President Barack Obama. In season 2, David Letterman has agreed to travel to India to interview the prime minister and examine how the country plans to distribute solar power to its entire population over the next decade. The show will send Schwarzenegger as a correspondent to China. Other hosts for season 2 include Cameron, Somerhalder, Munn, Friedman, Cheadle, and newcomers Jack Black, Joshua Jackson, Aasif Mandvi, Cecily Strong and Ty Burrell in an episode about electric cars. Season 2 is expected to cover more impacts of climate change, like hurricanes, historic droughts and the rapidly increasing extinction rate of species, but Bach noted that the season will ""focus much more ... on solutions that individuals, communities, companies and even governments can use to address worldwide climate change.""Schwarzenegger reflected on how the series tries to make the issue of climate change resonate with the public: ""I think the environmental movement only can be successful if we are simple and clear and make it a human story. We will tell human stories in this project. The scientists would never get the kind of attention that someone in show business gets."" Cameron elaborated: ""We didn’t use our celebrities as talking head experts, because they’re not climate experts. They were concerned, intelligent, curious citizens who were out to find answers. They were functioning as journalists."" Newsweek said that the celebrity reporters ""lend sparks to an issue that sends most viewers for the exits"".