Phosphorylation of Bni4 by MAP kinases contributes to septum
... this response triggers the phosphorylation of the transcription factor Rlm1 by the MAP kinase Slt2 and a massive transcriptional response that includes the upregulation of CSIII activity (for a review; see Levin 2011). This transcriptional response is not unique, since CWI also acts on the SBF (Swi4 ...
... this response triggers the phosphorylation of the transcription factor Rlm1 by the MAP kinase Slt2 and a massive transcriptional response that includes the upregulation of CSIII activity (for a review; see Levin 2011). This transcriptional response is not unique, since CWI also acts on the SBF (Swi4 ...
protein metabolism - cmb
... Protein export model in bacteria. 1) A newly synthesized polypepNde binds to chaperon SecB that 2) trigger it to SecA associated to the translocaNon complex SecYEG on bacterial membrane. 3) SecB is released and SecA inserted in the membrane forcing 20 aa of the protei ...
... Protein export model in bacteria. 1) A newly synthesized polypepNde binds to chaperon SecB that 2) trigger it to SecA associated to the translocaNon complex SecYEG on bacterial membrane. 3) SecB is released and SecA inserted in the membrane forcing 20 aa of the protei ...
Regulation of Ribosome Biogenesis by the Rapamycin
... homology to a novel family of PI-3 kinase–related kinases, whose members include Mec1, Rad3, and DNA-dependent protein kinase, and is essential for p70s6k activity (Thomas and Hall, 1997). The TOR pathway also controls general translational initiation via a separate branch that is independent from p ...
... homology to a novel family of PI-3 kinase–related kinases, whose members include Mec1, Rad3, and DNA-dependent protein kinase, and is essential for p70s6k activity (Thomas and Hall, 1997). The TOR pathway also controls general translational initiation via a separate branch that is independent from p ...
3-1 Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
... The cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are a family of serine/threonine protein kinases whose members are small proteins (~34–40 kDa) composed of little more than the catalytic core shared by all protein kinases. By definition, all Cdks share the feature that their enzymatic activation requires the bin ...
... The cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are a family of serine/threonine protein kinases whose members are small proteins (~34–40 kDa) composed of little more than the catalytic core shared by all protein kinases. By definition, all Cdks share the feature that their enzymatic activation requires the bin ...
The Protein Folding Problem When will it be solved?
... • How to design simulations which can arrive at native state faster and more accurately than Monte Carlo or molecular dynamics? Need to know microscopic folding routes ...
... • How to design simulations which can arrive at native state faster and more accurately than Monte Carlo or molecular dynamics? Need to know microscopic folding routes ...
AMINO ACIDS IN PROTEINS
... Biologically active proteins Complex tertiary structure often with several types of secondary interactions within the same polypeptide chain ...
... Biologically active proteins Complex tertiary structure often with several types of secondary interactions within the same polypeptide chain ...
Introduction Wnt signaling in development
... of these is the Wnt family of secreted, lipid modified glycoproteins. Wnt signaling controls developmental processes such as cell fate specification, cell migration and cell polarity (Cadigan and Nusse, 1997). In addition, it has recently been shown that Wnt proteins play a role in axonal guidance a ...
... of these is the Wnt family of secreted, lipid modified glycoproteins. Wnt signaling controls developmental processes such as cell fate specification, cell migration and cell polarity (Cadigan and Nusse, 1997). In addition, it has recently been shown that Wnt proteins play a role in axonal guidance a ...
Table of Contents - Arizona Science Center
... called amino acids. Many amino acids linked together create a protein. There are 20 different kinds of amino acids, which, depending on how they are arranged, create many different types of proteins needed for our bodies to function. 5. Inform students that they will be creating a protein bracelet. ...
... called amino acids. Many amino acids linked together create a protein. There are 20 different kinds of amino acids, which, depending on how they are arranged, create many different types of proteins needed for our bodies to function. 5. Inform students that they will be creating a protein bracelet. ...
Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor Signaling in
... mixed population was tested by Western blot for the expression of the receptor. Fig. 1C shows the levels of expression in the parental (Lane 1) and transduced cell lines, either with an empty vector (Lane 2) or with the WT IGF-IR vector (Lane 3). This last cell line expresses a considerable amount o ...
... mixed population was tested by Western blot for the expression of the receptor. Fig. 1C shows the levels of expression in the parental (Lane 1) and transduced cell lines, either with an empty vector (Lane 2) or with the WT IGF-IR vector (Lane 3). This last cell line expresses a considerable amount o ...
A Cytoplasm to Vacuole Targeting Pathway in P. pastoris
... conditions of PpApe1‑CFP in the absence of P. pastoris orthologs of proteins involved in all autophagy‑related pathways (PpAtg5, PpAtg8, PpAtg9, and PpVps15), or in the absence of two proteins (PpAtg11 and PpVac8) required only for the Cvt pathway in S. cerevisiae (Fig. 2A and B). Whereas in wild‑t ...
... conditions of PpApe1‑CFP in the absence of P. pastoris orthologs of proteins involved in all autophagy‑related pathways (PpAtg5, PpAtg8, PpAtg9, and PpVps15), or in the absence of two proteins (PpAtg11 and PpVac8) required only for the Cvt pathway in S. cerevisiae (Fig. 2A and B). Whereas in wild‑t ...
Alkaptonuria and Aspergillus nidulans
... No transcripts were detected when tissue is grown in glucose only. Common cDNA's are subtracted out from the target population by hybridisation to RNA from tissue grown in the absence of phenylalanine, the target cDNA is thus enriched for the transcript which has been induced by the presence of its ...
... No transcripts were detected when tissue is grown in glucose only. Common cDNA's are subtracted out from the target population by hybridisation to RNA from tissue grown in the absence of phenylalanine, the target cDNA is thus enriched for the transcript which has been induced by the presence of its ...
Taste cells
... • Each olfactory cell expresses a different receptor protein (only one type per cell) • Cells with a given receptor are randomly distributed in the olfactory epithelium ...
... • Each olfactory cell expresses a different receptor protein (only one type per cell) • Cells with a given receptor are randomly distributed in the olfactory epithelium ...
Foundations of Biology
... of a group of genes (i.e., heat shock proteins) A single gene may be regulated by a number of independent transcription factors (i.e., metallothionein) Eukaryotic regulation does not seem to involve repression To achieve high levels of expression, several different transcription factors binding to d ...
... of a group of genes (i.e., heat shock proteins) A single gene may be regulated by a number of independent transcription factors (i.e., metallothionein) Eukaryotic regulation does not seem to involve repression To achieve high levels of expression, several different transcription factors binding to d ...
A Membrane-Bound NAC Transcription Factor Regulates Cell
... transcription factors by in vivo assays in yeast (Duval et al., 2002) and in planta (Xie et al., 2000), and the transcriptional activity has been assigned to the variable C-terminal region. Strikingly, the predicted polypeptide is distinct from other NAC members in that it has a transmembrane (TM) m ...
... transcription factors by in vivo assays in yeast (Duval et al., 2002) and in planta (Xie et al., 2000), and the transcriptional activity has been assigned to the variable C-terminal region. Strikingly, the predicted polypeptide is distinct from other NAC members in that it has a transmembrane (TM) m ...
Nutrition - GCO 2 - Proteins.notebook
... cell. It has the instructions for how amino acids will be linked to form the proteins in your body. ...
... cell. It has the instructions for how amino acids will be linked to form the proteins in your body. ...
The Lipid Bilayer Is a Two-Dimensional Fluid The aqueous
... depends on its phospholipid composition, in particular, on the nature of hydrocarbons tails. The closer and more regular packing of the tails, the more viscous and less fluid the bilayer will be. Two major properties of hydrocarbon tails affect how tightly they pack in bilayer. 1. The length of tail ...
... depends on its phospholipid composition, in particular, on the nature of hydrocarbons tails. The closer and more regular packing of the tails, the more viscous and less fluid the bilayer will be. Two major properties of hydrocarbon tails affect how tightly they pack in bilayer. 1. The length of tail ...
VEN124 Section III
... Categories of Yeast Nitrogen Sources • Compound may be used as that compound for biosynthesis • Compound may be converted to related compounds for biosynthesis • Compound may be degraded with release of nitrogen ...
... Categories of Yeast Nitrogen Sources • Compound may be used as that compound for biosynthesis • Compound may be converted to related compounds for biosynthesis • Compound may be degraded with release of nitrogen ...
New COMPARTMENT ORGANIZATION
... • Membranes have important roles in biological communication by allowing for the flow of information between compartments in the cell and between cells and their environment. • The presence of specific molecules in membranes allows recognition of stimuli in the form of chemical signals (eg hormones ...
... • Membranes have important roles in biological communication by allowing for the flow of information between compartments in the cell and between cells and their environment. • The presence of specific molecules in membranes allows recognition of stimuli in the form of chemical signals (eg hormones ...
Protein
... Transport Proteins Cellular content differ from the contents of the surrounding environment: fluids and ...
... Transport Proteins Cellular content differ from the contents of the surrounding environment: fluids and ...
4. Organic Cmpd
... amino acids, each with a specific side chain of chemicals. Amino acids bond to other amino acids to form a long chain called a protein. These chains of amino acids fold into a particular shape. The shape of a protein will determine its function. ...
... amino acids, each with a specific side chain of chemicals. Amino acids bond to other amino acids to form a long chain called a protein. These chains of amino acids fold into a particular shape. The shape of a protein will determine its function. ...
1. Metabolic pathways 2. Basic enzyme kinetics 3. Metabolic
... Also consume energy & reducing power ...
... Also consume energy & reducing power ...
Gene Section ATIC (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase)
... Abnormal protein 791 amino acids, 87 kDa. 229 N-term amino acid from ATIC containing the IMPCH domain and the dimerization domain fused to the 562 C-term amino acids from ALK (i.e. the entire cytoplasmic portion of ALK with the tyrosine kinase domain); cytoplasmic localisation only. Oncogenesis ATIC ...
... Abnormal protein 791 amino acids, 87 kDa. 229 N-term amino acid from ATIC containing the IMPCH domain and the dimerization domain fused to the 562 C-term amino acids from ALK (i.e. the entire cytoplasmic portion of ALK with the tyrosine kinase domain); cytoplasmic localisation only. Oncogenesis ATIC ...
Suppression mechanisms
... comparing RNA and protein levels of the original gene in wild-type and suppressed cells. ...
... comparing RNA and protein levels of the original gene in wild-type and suppressed cells. ...
63 RNA and Translation hnRNA Following transcription, eukaryotes
... process), usually on lysine, arginine, histidine, glutamate, or aspartate residues. This was originally thought to be permanent modification, but more recent studies suggest that it is reversible, and may be involved in regulation of the protein function in a manner similar to phosphorylation. The r ...
... process), usually on lysine, arginine, histidine, glutamate, or aspartate residues. This was originally thought to be permanent modification, but more recent studies suggest that it is reversible, and may be involved in regulation of the protein function in a manner similar to phosphorylation. The r ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.