IMAGING QUALITY ASSURANCE MANUAL
... documentation of the efforts, evaluating the records and correcting programs as they are detected. The test procedures documented in this manual are general guidance and variations from those procedures may be used so long as the means and results conform to the NY State Sanitary Code (10NYCRR16). T ...
... documentation of the efforts, evaluating the records and correcting programs as they are detected. The test procedures documented in this manual are general guidance and variations from those procedures may be used so long as the means and results conform to the NY State Sanitary Code (10NYCRR16). T ...
A Monte Carlo dose simulation of chest and hip joint tomosynthesis
... Diagnostic imaging of the chest is made difficult by the many different types of diseases encountered. Radiographic evaluation of the chest can be used to evaluate nodular disease, airway disease and diffuse interstitial disease, placement of tubes and lines, and structures of the mediastinum or spi ...
... Diagnostic imaging of the chest is made difficult by the many different types of diseases encountered. Radiographic evaluation of the chest can be used to evaluate nodular disease, airway disease and diffuse interstitial disease, placement of tubes and lines, and structures of the mediastinum or spi ...
An experimental approach to Automatic Exposure Control testing
... of image quality relating to x-ray tube design. Radiation safety issues soon became apparent to the early pioneers of x-ray, with the effects of radiation induced cancers. Radiation safety is an important part of the use of any x-ray devices and underpins much of their developmental work including t ...
... of image quality relating to x-ray tube design. Radiation safety issues soon became apparent to the early pioneers of x-ray, with the effects of radiation induced cancers. Radiation safety is an important part of the use of any x-ray devices and underpins much of their developmental work including t ...
ACADEMIC PROGRAM RECOMMENDATIONS FOR GRADUATE DEGREES IN MEDICAL PHYSICS AAPM REPORT NO. 79
... training programs as to the minimal curriculum suitable for a Master of Science degree in medical physics. That document was organized around general topics and those more specific to different medical physics specialties. During the intervening years, medical physics has evolved dramatically in bre ...
... training programs as to the minimal curriculum suitable for a Master of Science degree in medical physics. That document was organized around general topics and those more specific to different medical physics specialties. During the intervening years, medical physics has evolved dramatically in bre ...
Academic Program Recommendations For Graduate Degrees
... training programs as to the minimal curriculum suitable for a Master of Science degree in medical physics. That document was organized around general topics and those more specific to different medical physics specialties. During the intervening years, medical physics has evolved dramatically in bre ...
... training programs as to the minimal curriculum suitable for a Master of Science degree in medical physics. That document was organized around general topics and those more specific to different medical physics specialties. During the intervening years, medical physics has evolved dramatically in bre ...
Technical assessment of a cone-beam CT scanner
... of seven technique protocols recommended by the manufacturer: three sinus protocols and four ear (temporal bone) protocols. Absolute dose was measured using techniques adapted from AAPM Task Group Report No. 111, involving three stacked 16 cm diameter acrylic cylinders (CTDI phantoms) and a 0.6 cm3 ...
... of seven technique protocols recommended by the manufacturer: three sinus protocols and four ear (temporal bone) protocols. Absolute dose was measured using techniques adapted from AAPM Task Group Report No. 111, involving three stacked 16 cm diameter acrylic cylinders (CTDI phantoms) and a 0.6 cm3 ...
ESCH1317_Sarabjeet Singh
... Africa with CT protocol for their 16-slice multidetector-row CT. Dr. Am (name changed) expressed surprise that we ask patients to raise their arms above the head for body CT. When I explained to her that arms can not only cause artifacts but also increase the required dose by up to 30%, she commente ...
... Africa with CT protocol for their 16-slice multidetector-row CT. Dr. Am (name changed) expressed surprise that we ask patients to raise their arms above the head for body CT. When I explained to her that arms can not only cause artifacts but also increase the required dose by up to 30%, she commente ...
Patient Dose in common CT examinations-2003
... Since the discovery of X rays and radioactivity more than 100 years ago, different ways of producing radiation and radioactive materials artificially have been found. The first use of X rays was in medical diagnosis, within six months of their discovery in 1895. Diagnostic radiology is concerned wit ...
... Since the discovery of X rays and radioactivity more than 100 years ago, different ways of producing radiation and radioactive materials artificially have been found. The first use of X rays was in medical diagnosis, within six months of their discovery in 1895. Diagnostic radiology is concerned wit ...
Clinical use of electronic portal imaging: Report of AAPM Radiation
... A critical requirement in radiation therapy is accurate dayto-day treatment setup. Early studies based on port films indicated the benefits of portal verification.1–4 Numerous subsequent studies have characterized the magnitude and nature of setup errors for a variety of clinical conditions. Random ...
... A critical requirement in radiation therapy is accurate dayto-day treatment setup. Early studies based on port films indicated the benefits of portal verification.1–4 Numerous subsequent studies have characterized the magnitude and nature of setup errors for a variety of clinical conditions. Random ...
Managing the imaging dose during Image-guided Radiotherapy Martin J Murphy PhD
... IGRT (emission imaging such as PET and SPECT will not be included) • Summarize the doses associated with various imaging modalities and setups • Present the methodology for summing dose • Discuss the evaluation of risk • Recommend management strategies ...
... IGRT (emission imaging such as PET and SPECT will not be included) • Summarize the doses associated with various imaging modalities and setups • Present the methodology for summing dose • Discuss the evaluation of risk • Recommend management strategies ...
guidelines for the use of radiographs in clinicalorthodontics
... X-RAYS, and their ability to penetrate human tissue to create a visual image, were discovered by Wilhelm Röntgen in 1895. Within weeks of their discovery the first dental radiographic images were created. Within months medical diagnostic imaging had been revolutionised. These early images required h ...
... X-RAYS, and their ability to penetrate human tissue to create a visual image, were discovered by Wilhelm Röntgen in 1895. Within weeks of their discovery the first dental radiographic images were created. Within months medical diagnostic imaging had been revolutionised. These early images required h ...
Imaging (ES: imagenología o imaginología (RAE), FR: Just
... microscope that uses fluorescence and phosphorescence instead of, or in addition to, reflection and absorption to study properties of organic or inorganic substances. The "fluorescence microscope" refers to any microscope that uses fluorescence to generate an image, whether it is a more simple set u ...
... microscope that uses fluorescence and phosphorescence instead of, or in addition to, reflection and absorption to study properties of organic or inorganic substances. The "fluorescence microscope" refers to any microscope that uses fluorescence to generate an image, whether it is a more simple set u ...
Chapter 4732 X-ray Definitions: Proposed Revisions to 4732.0110
... 4733.0105, subpart ## means absorbed dose per unit time for machine with timers, or dosemonitor unit per unit time for linear accelerators. Subp. 4. Accelerator. "Accelerator" has the meaning given in part 4733.0105, subpart ## means any machine capable of accelerating electrons, protons, deuterons, ...
... 4733.0105, subpart ## means absorbed dose per unit time for machine with timers, or dosemonitor unit per unit time for linear accelerators. Subp. 4. Accelerator. "Accelerator" has the meaning given in part 4733.0105, subpart ## means any machine capable of accelerating electrons, protons, deuterons, ...
Summary of Public Comment
... Comment: In R333.5013(2), the weighting factor for calculating the effective dose equivalent for an organ or tissue, should utilize the updated 2007 International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) Weighting Factors. The Organ Dose Weighting Factors in the current draft rules are based on the ...
... Comment: In R333.5013(2), the weighting factor for calculating the effective dose equivalent for an organ or tissue, should utilize the updated 2007 International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) Weighting Factors. The Organ Dose Weighting Factors in the current draft rules are based on the ...
Initial experience with X-ray CT based attenuation correction in
... reported that the increase in specificity obtained with AC in the RCA territory was accompanied by a significant decrease in the sensitivity of defect detection in the LAD territory. A decrease in sensitivity in the LAD territory on AC-images was not observed in this study. However, there was decrea ...
... reported that the increase in specificity obtained with AC in the RCA territory was accompanied by a significant decrease in the sensitivity of defect detection in the LAD territory. A decrease in sensitivity in the LAD territory on AC-images was not observed in this study. However, there was decrea ...
Title Evaluation of radiation dose and image quality for the Varian
... The advent of three-dimensional (3D) cross-sectional imaging, 3D conformal radiotherapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has been shown to allow dose escalation and reduce normal tissue toxicity, thus improving local control and disease-free survival [1], [2], [3] and [4]. The planni ...
... The advent of three-dimensional (3D) cross-sectional imaging, 3D conformal radiotherapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has been shown to allow dose escalation and reduce normal tissue toxicity, thus improving local control and disease-free survival [1], [2], [3] and [4]. The planni ...
Academic Program Recommendations for Graduate Degrees in Medical Physics Physicists Committee
... Since the first publication of this report in 1993, education in the field of Medical Physics has experienced considerable growth and change. However, much remains the same. The original document was written to provide guidance to medical physics training programs as to the minimal curriculum suitab ...
... Since the first publication of this report in 1993, education in the field of Medical Physics has experienced considerable growth and change. However, much remains the same. The original document was written to provide guidance to medical physics training programs as to the minimal curriculum suitab ...
AAPM Report 197 - Louisiana State University
... Since the first publication of this report in 1993, education in the field of Medical Physics has experienced considerable growth and change. However, much remains the same. The original document was written to provide guidance to medical physics training programs as to the minimal curriculum suitab ...
... Since the first publication of this report in 1993, education in the field of Medical Physics has experienced considerable growth and change. However, much remains the same. The original document was written to provide guidance to medical physics training programs as to the minimal curriculum suitab ...
2011 SCCT guidelines on radiation dose and dose
... mediastinum, part of the muscle, breasts, and skin. The radiation risk from cardiovascular CT imaging is typically estimated and expressed by the concept of effective dose. The effective dose is a dose parameter that describes a nonuniform exposure to radiation in terms of its risk compared with tha ...
... mediastinum, part of the muscle, breasts, and skin. The radiation risk from cardiovascular CT imaging is typically estimated and expressed by the concept of effective dose. The effective dose is a dose parameter that describes a nonuniform exposure to radiation in terms of its risk compared with tha ...
detector exposure indicator in ge x-ray systems
... information with acquisition time and date, relevant X-ray techniques, selected anatomy/view/patient size for past exposures. It can be useful to analyze trends of X-ray techniques and the corresponding DEI values for different patient anatomy/view/size. The information in this file also may be usef ...
... information with acquisition time and date, relevant X-ray techniques, selected anatomy/view/patient size for past exposures. It can be useful to analyze trends of X-ray techniques and the corresponding DEI values for different patient anatomy/view/size. The information in this file also may be usef ...
Specification And Acceptance Testing Of Computed
... where t is the required barrier thickness (in mm for lead, cm for all other materials) of specific shielding material. B is the barrier transmission, while a, b, and g are fitting constants from Simpkin 3 . The coefficients appropriate for CT energies and beam qualities for a number of common struc ...
... where t is the required barrier thickness (in mm for lead, cm for all other materials) of specific shielding material. B is the barrier transmission, while a, b, and g are fitting constants from Simpkin 3 . The coefficients appropriate for CT energies and beam qualities for a number of common struc ...
Inclusion of the dose from kilovoltage cone beam CT in the radiation
... 共Received 18 May 2009; revised 13 November 2009; accepted for publication 15 November 2009; published 10 December 2009兲 Purpose: Cone beam CT is increasingly being used for daily patient positioning verification during radiation therapy treatments. The daily use of CBCT could lead to accumulated pat ...
... 共Received 18 May 2009; revised 13 November 2009; accepted for publication 15 November 2009; published 10 December 2009兲 Purpose: Cone beam CT is increasingly being used for daily patient positioning verification during radiation therapy treatments. The daily use of CBCT could lead to accumulated pat ...
The Principles of Diagnostic Imaging
... • Ultrasound imaging uses ultra-high-frequency sound waves (3-10 MHz). Human hearing - 20 to 20 000 Hz • a Piezoelectric transducer ( a "crystalline" material such as quartz that changes shape when an electric current is applied creating sound waves and when struck by sound waves creates electrical ...
... • Ultrasound imaging uses ultra-high-frequency sound waves (3-10 MHz). Human hearing - 20 to 20 000 Hz • a Piezoelectric transducer ( a "crystalline" material such as quartz that changes shape when an electric current is applied creating sound waves and when struck by sound waves creates electrical ...
Quality Control in Diagnostic Radiology
... diagnostic medical physicist. The diagnostic medical physicist must be knowledgeable in current equipment designs, intended use, and the appropriateness of the various test instruments that may be used in performance evaluation. The diagnostic medical physicist acts as a local expert on Joint Commis ...
... diagnostic medical physicist. The diagnostic medical physicist must be knowledgeable in current equipment designs, intended use, and the appropriateness of the various test instruments that may be used in performance evaluation. The diagnostic medical physicist acts as a local expert on Joint Commis ...
X-ray
... • Ultrasound imaging uses ultra-high-frequency sound waves (3-10 MHz). Human hearing - 20 to 20 000 Hz • a Piezoelectric transducer ( a "crystalline" material such as quartz that changes shape when an electric current is applied creating sound waves and when struck by sound waves creates electrical ...
... • Ultrasound imaging uses ultra-high-frequency sound waves (3-10 MHz). Human hearing - 20 to 20 000 Hz • a Piezoelectric transducer ( a "crystalline" material such as quartz that changes shape when an electric current is applied creating sound waves and when struck by sound waves creates electrical ...
X-ray
X-radiation (composed of X-rays) is a form of electromagnetic radiation. Most X-rays have a wavelength ranging from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz (3×1016 Hz to 3×1019 Hz) and energies in the range 100 eV to 100 keV. X-ray wavelengths are shorter than those of UV rays and typically longer than those of gamma rays. In many languages, X-radiation is referred to with terms meaning Röntgen radiation, after Wilhelm Röntgen, who is usually credited as its discoverer, and who had named it X-radiation to signify an unknown type of radiation. Spelling of X-ray(s) in the English language includes the variants x-ray(s), xray(s) and X ray(s).X-rays with photon energies above 5–10 keV (below 0.2–0.1 nm wavelength) are called hard X-rays, while those with lower energy are called soft X-rays. Due to their penetrating ability, hard X-rays are widely used to image the inside of objects, e.g., in medical radiography and airport security. As a result, the term X-ray is metonymically used to refer to a radiographic image produced using this method, in addition to the method itself. Since the wavelengths of hard X-rays are similar to the size of atoms they are also useful for determining crystal structures by X-ray crystallography. By contrast, soft X-rays are easily absorbed in air and the attenuation length of 600 eV (~2 nm) X-rays in water is less than 1 micrometer.There is no universal consensus for a definition distinguishing between X-rays and gamma rays. One common practice is to distinguish between the two types of radiation based on their source: X-rays are emitted by electrons, while gamma rays are emitted by the atomic nucleus. This definition has several problems; other processes also can generate these high energy photons, or sometimes the method of generation is not known. One common alternative is to distinguish X- and gamma radiation on the basis of wavelength (or equivalently, frequency or photon energy), with radiation shorter than some arbitrary wavelength, such as 10−11 m (0.1 Å), defined as gamma radiation.This criterion assigns a photon to an unambiguous category, but is only possible if wavelength is known. (Some measurement techniques do not distinguish between detected wavelengths.) However, these two definitions often coincide since the electromagnetic radiation emitted by X-ray tubes generally has a longer wavelength and lower photon energy than the radiation emitted by radioactive nuclei.Occasionally, one term or the other is used in specific contexts due to historical precedent, based on measurement (detection) technique, or based on their intended use rather than their wavelength or source.Thus, gamma-rays generated for medical and industrial uses, for example radiotherapy, in the ranges of 6–20 MeV, can in this context also be referred to as X-rays.