Physics of PET - University of Washington
... multiple scatter in tissue, annihilation with electron, and production of two back-to-back 511 keV annihilation photons. (Not to scale.) ...
... multiple scatter in tissue, annihilation with electron, and production of two back-to-back 511 keV annihilation photons. (Not to scale.) ...
CT issues in PET / CT scanning
... between the two scans (Figure 2). This technique works best for areas of the body that are immobile, such as the brain. Organs in other anatomical regions such as the abdomen are mobile, with scope for them to change position between the two scans. This makes the image registration process more diff ...
... between the two scans (Figure 2). This technique works best for areas of the body that are immobile, such as the brain. Organs in other anatomical regions such as the abdomen are mobile, with scope for them to change position between the two scans. This makes the image registration process more diff ...
Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Endodontics: An Overview.
... Large Volume Equipment: Large volume tomographs acquire image volume of over 8x8 cm, generally from 12x12 cm upto 18x22cm. Here the radiation dose is higher and the image quality is lower when compared with the small volume equipment. These can generate multilayer reconstructions with 2 dimensional ...
... Large Volume Equipment: Large volume tomographs acquire image volume of over 8x8 cm, generally from 12x12 cm upto 18x22cm. Here the radiation dose is higher and the image quality is lower when compared with the small volume equipment. These can generate multilayer reconstructions with 2 dimensional ...
9 Three-Dimensional Treatment Planning and Conformal Therapy
... dose distributions in terms of adequate coverage of target volumes and sparing of critical structures. The REV display enables radiation oncologists to view target volume or normal tissue volume with superimposed isodose surfaces or “dose clouds’’ from any arbitrary viewing angle. Shown is a two-pan ...
... dose distributions in terms of adequate coverage of target volumes and sparing of critical structures. The REV display enables radiation oncologists to view target volume or normal tissue volume with superimposed isodose surfaces or “dose clouds’’ from any arbitrary viewing angle. Shown is a two-pan ...
equipment requirements and quality control for
... Typical skin entrance exposures and mean glandular doses (at the time of writing) are given in Table 5-2. In summary, studies to date have shown that the two mammography methods produce images of similar diagnostic utility with only subtle differences in diagnostic information content. When performe ...
... Typical skin entrance exposures and mean glandular doses (at the time of writing) are given in Table 5-2. In summary, studies to date have shown that the two mammography methods produce images of similar diagnostic utility with only subtle differences in diagnostic information content. When performe ...
CR_DR State X-ray Inspection Protocol
... attention to what kVp shows up on the control panel when a selection is made for an AP phototimed LS or AB. Determine from interviewing the chief technologist as well as other technologists if everyone is USING the default kVp setting for these exams, or if some technologists are CHANGING that defau ...
... attention to what kVp shows up on the control panel when a selection is made for an AP phototimed LS or AB. Determine from interviewing the chief technologist as well as other technologists if everyone is USING the default kVp setting for these exams, or if some technologists are CHANGING that defau ...
radiation protection in diagnostic radiology - RPOP
... • In DR, the image is created immediately in electronic/digital form, in the image receptor • Images from both systems can be displayed on suitable high-resolution monitors or printed out on film ...
... • In DR, the image is created immediately in electronic/digital form, in the image receptor • Images from both systems can be displayed on suitable high-resolution monitors or printed out on film ...
Physician assistant knowledge of patient radiation exposure from
... substances during this time show an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancers, especially in those who were children at the time of the accident. In 2002, more than 4,000 thyroid cancer cases had been diagnosed in relation to the exposures of the Chernobyl accident (Strzelczyk, Damilakis et al., ...
... substances during this time show an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancers, especially in those who were children at the time of the accident. In 2002, more than 4,000 thyroid cancer cases had been diagnosed in relation to the exposures of the Chernobyl accident (Strzelczyk, Damilakis et al., ...
Patient dose from kilovoltage cone beam computed tomography
... factor f CBCT, expressed in cGy/ R. These factors depend on beam quality and phantom size as well as on scan geometry and can be utilized to estimate dose for any arbitrary mAs setting and reference exposure rate of the x-ray tube at standard distance. The results demonstrate the opportunity to mani ...
... factor f CBCT, expressed in cGy/ R. These factors depend on beam quality and phantom size as well as on scan geometry and can be utilized to estimate dose for any arbitrary mAs setting and reference exposure rate of the x-ray tube at standard distance. The results demonstrate the opportunity to mani ...
ICRP PUBLICATION 121: Radiological Protection in Paediatric
... follow the rapid evolution of the use of radiation in medicine. The system of radiological protection encompasses all aspects, including protection of patients, comforters and carers, and volunteers in biomedical research, all of whom may receive medical exposures. Occupational exposures to physicia ...
... follow the rapid evolution of the use of radiation in medicine. The system of radiological protection encompasses all aspects, including protection of patients, comforters and carers, and volunteers in biomedical research, all of whom may receive medical exposures. Occupational exposures to physicia ...
THE VETERINARY PUBLISHING COMPANY
... structure being radiographed. Generally, when the thickness is over 10-15 cm, scattered radiation is considered to impair the quality of the image, and the use of an anti-scatter grid is recommended. A grid is a device made of sections of radiopaque (usually lead) and radiolucent (usually aluminium ...
... structure being radiographed. Generally, when the thickness is over 10-15 cm, scattered radiation is considered to impair the quality of the image, and the use of an anti-scatter grid is recommended. A grid is a device made of sections of radiopaque (usually lead) and radiolucent (usually aluminium ...
comparison of image quality test methods in computed
... Computed radiography was the first available digital technology for projected radiography, introduced in 1983 and future led to a commercial system from Fuji Photo Film (Tokyo, Japan) [8]. First DR flat-panel systems with integrated readout mechanisms were introduced in the market at the end of the ...
... Computed radiography was the first available digital technology for projected radiography, introduced in 1983 and future led to a commercial system from Fuji Photo Film (Tokyo, Japan) [8]. First DR flat-panel systems with integrated readout mechanisms were introduced in the market at the end of the ...
Dose Reduction options in Cardiac CT
... remove visibility of breast shields and patient details 2 readers each with 7 years cardiac CT experience, and blinded to the study protocol, assessed image quality using a 3-point liekart score: 1. no artefact present 2. artefact present, but not sufficient to affect diagnosis 3. artefact was prese ...
... remove visibility of breast shields and patient details 2 readers each with 7 years cardiac CT experience, and blinded to the study protocol, assessed image quality using a 3-point liekart score: 1. no artefact present 2. artefact present, but not sufficient to affect diagnosis 3. artefact was prese ...
WP DIGITAL MAMMO rev3
... about 50 to 80 percent quantum efficiency. Systems using amorphous-selenium can achieve almost complete quantum efficiency. Pixel Design for Digital Detectors Digital detectors require an array of pixels that collect electronic signals. The signals on these pixels are transferred to a computer durin ...
... about 50 to 80 percent quantum efficiency. Systems using amorphous-selenium can achieve almost complete quantum efficiency. Pixel Design for Digital Detectors Digital detectors require an array of pixels that collect electronic signals. The signals on these pixels are transferred to a computer durin ...
WP DIGITAL MAMMO rev3 (5)
... about 50 to 80 percent quantum efficiency. Systems using amorphous-selenium can achieve almost complete quantum efficiency. Pixel Design for Digital Detectors Digital detectors require an array of pixels that collect electronic signals. The signals on these pixels are transferred to a computer durin ...
... about 50 to 80 percent quantum efficiency. Systems using amorphous-selenium can achieve almost complete quantum efficiency. Pixel Design for Digital Detectors Digital detectors require an array of pixels that collect electronic signals. The signals on these pixels are transferred to a computer durin ...
Cancer risks associated with external radiation from diagnostic
... doses, and even higher levels for long-term exposure,31 but recent human and mechanistic studies suggest a lower (eg, around 0.5 Gy) or no threshold.37 Stochastic effects, including cancer and hereditary effects, are caused by a mutation or other permanent change in which the cell remains viable. Th ...
... doses, and even higher levels for long-term exposure,31 but recent human and mechanistic studies suggest a lower (eg, around 0.5 Gy) or no threshold.37 Stochastic effects, including cancer and hereditary effects, are caused by a mutation or other permanent change in which the cell remains viable. Th ...
The Benefits of Moving up to Multislice CT
... Although often termed “3D image review,” these postprocessing tools also include alternate 2D data reformations as well as a wide range of data measurement applications and more. Once reformatted, radiologists may navigate quickly and easily through these new visualizations to identify areas of clin ...
... Although often termed “3D image review,” these postprocessing tools also include alternate 2D data reformations as well as a wide range of data measurement applications and more. Once reformatted, radiologists may navigate quickly and easily through these new visualizations to identify areas of clin ...
anti scatter grid
... combination) can be as small as 0.1 - 0.15 mm (full width at half maximum of the point response function) with a limiting value as high as 20 line pairs per mm Geometric unsharpness: focal spot size and imaging geometry must be chosen so that the overall unsharpness reflects the performance capabili ...
... combination) can be as small as 0.1 - 0.15 mm (full width at half maximum of the point response function) with a limiting value as high as 20 line pairs per mm Geometric unsharpness: focal spot size and imaging geometry must be chosen so that the overall unsharpness reflects the performance capabili ...
Calculation of inertial properties of the malleus
... stage of manipulation of the specimen, and a nondestructive method is needed. Both microscopic surface measurement and the histological method are destructive. The microscale X-ray computed tomography (micro-CT) scanner provides nondestructive imaging with resolution as small as 10 µm resolution. Th ...
... stage of manipulation of the specimen, and a nondestructive method is needed. Both microscopic surface measurement and the histological method are destructive. The microscale X-ray computed tomography (micro-CT) scanner provides nondestructive imaging with resolution as small as 10 µm resolution. Th ...
Eisenberg: Comprehensive Radiographic Pathology, 5th Edition
... NOT: Rationale: Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam, then calculating a relative linear attenuation coefficient (representing the amount of radiation absorbed in tissue for the various tissue elements in the section), and finally displaying the computed reconstru ...
... NOT: Rationale: Scanning a slice of tissue from multiple angles with a narrow x-ray beam, then calculating a relative linear attenuation coefficient (representing the amount of radiation absorbed in tissue for the various tissue elements in the section), and finally displaying the computed reconstru ...
Upright Open MRI Centres
... twenty-five patients referred for MRI of the lumbar spine for sciatica following at least one prior, “normal” MRI examination within six months of referral. • 14 men and 12 women aged between 38 and 67 years of age were scanned using an upright MRI scanner. Each patient was scanned supine, standi ...
... twenty-five patients referred for MRI of the lumbar spine for sciatica following at least one prior, “normal” MRI examination within six months of referral. • 14 men and 12 women aged between 38 and 67 years of age were scanned using an upright MRI scanner. Each patient was scanned supine, standi ...
pdf version
... education and training of persons operating medical equipment emitting ionizing radiation, establishing standards of education and training for the persons who administer radiologic procedures and providing for the appropriate examination and certification of those persons. [20.3.20.6 NMAC - Rp, 20 ...
... education and training of persons operating medical equipment emitting ionizing radiation, establishing standards of education and training for the persons who administer radiologic procedures and providing for the appropriate examination and certification of those persons. [20.3.20.6 NMAC - Rp, 20 ...
C a t p h a n ® 500 and 600 M a n u a l
... numbers 4 and 5 will have better uniformity than outer slice numbers 1 and 8 because of the scanner x-ray beam geometry. However, if 1 and 8 or 4 and 5 are not similar, this may indicate a problem with the scanner. When assessing a scanner with a step and shoot mode, it is important to cover the ful ...
... numbers 4 and 5 will have better uniformity than outer slice numbers 1 and 8 because of the scanner x-ray beam geometry. However, if 1 and 8 or 4 and 5 are not similar, this may indicate a problem with the scanner. When assessing a scanner with a step and shoot mode, it is important to cover the ful ...
Radiation Information for Hospital Personnel
... enough, it can remove electrons from the atoms or molecules of a substance and is called ionizing radiation. Not all electromagnetic radiation causes ionization. Ionizing radiation can pass through materials, and is also called penetrating radiation. X rays and gamma rays are high-energy ionizing EM ...
... enough, it can remove electrons from the atoms or molecules of a substance and is called ionizing radiation. Not all electromagnetic radiation causes ionization. Ionizing radiation can pass through materials, and is also called penetrating radiation. X rays and gamma rays are high-energy ionizing EM ...
Radiography Examination
... The following table presents the four major content categories covered on the examination, and indicates the number of test questions in each category. The remaining pages list the specific topics addressed within each category, with the approximate number of test questions allocated to each topic a ...
... The following table presents the four major content categories covered on the examination, and indicates the number of test questions in each category. The remaining pages list the specific topics addressed within each category, with the approximate number of test questions allocated to each topic a ...
Backscatter X-ray
Backscatter X-ray is an advanced X-ray imaging technology. Traditional X-ray machines detect hard and soft materials by the variation in transmission through the target. In contrast, backscatter X-ray detects the radiation that reflects from the target. It has potential applications where less-destructive examination is required, and can be used if only one side of the target is available for examination.The technology is one of two types of whole body imaging technologies that have been used to perform full-body scans of airline passengers to detect hidden weapons, tools, liquids, narcotics, currency, and other contraband. A competing technology is millimeter wave scanner. An airport security machine of this type is also referred to as ""body scanner"", ""whole body imager (WBI)"", ""security scanner"", and ""naked scanner"".