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Imaging doses from the Elekta Synergy X
Imaging doses from the Elekta Synergy X

... has a kilo-voltage X-ray source and opposing amorphous silicon flat panel imager, both mounted at 90˚ to the treatment head for the acquisition of kV X-ray projection images for radiography and fluoroscopy, figure 1. The different interaction mechanisms of kilo-voltage (kV) photons with tissues and ...
Basic Principles of Computed Axial Tomography
Basic Principles of Computed Axial Tomography

... of the relative merits of these algorithms is outside the scope of this work. The method of reconstruction which is currently used in most CT devices is conceptually quite simple. Called either the "convolution" or the "filtered back projection" reconstruction method, 5-7 it can be illustrated as fo ...
Welcome to Radiologic Technology
Welcome to Radiologic Technology

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stereotactic breast biopsy
stereotactic breast biopsy

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CT Radiation Dose Reduction by Modifying Primary Factors
CT Radiation Dose Reduction by Modifying Primary Factors

... doses as low as reasonably achievable and certainly lower than for most adult patients [4]. Several investigators have described the use of lower fixed tube current settings for scanning children using body weight, length, or regional diameter. For example, Frush et al [5] described a color-coded Br ...
EL CAMINO COLLEGE RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY A
EL CAMINO COLLEGE RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY A

... o Must be ARRT certified in radiography, nuclear medicine or NMCTB certified, or radiation therapy. o Used to be on the job training with continuing education, but now there are several formal education programs available. CARDIAC INTERVENTIONAL TECHNOLOGY –injection of contrast media through a cath ...
Welcome to Radiologic Technology
Welcome to Radiologic Technology

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Virtual implant planning using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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ORGAN MOTION AND IMAGE GUIDANCE IN RADIATION THERAPY
ORGAN MOTION AND IMAGE GUIDANCE IN RADIATION THERAPY

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Guidelines for Education and Training of Medical Physicists

... speciality as ‘medical physicists in radiotherapy’. Given the wide variety of professional titles in use throughout Europe, we will use the title RTT (Radiation Therapy Technologists) to refer to the staff delivering the radiotherapy to patients. Medical physicists in radiotherapy are members of the ...
A COMPARISON OF IMAGE QUALITY AND RADIATION DOSE
A COMPARISON OF IMAGE QUALITY AND RADIATION DOSE

... • Overexposure may not be recognised by the radiologist or radiographer. In conventional radiography, excessive exposure produces a “black” film and inadequate exposure produces a “white” film, both with reduced contrast. In digital systems, image brightness can be adjusted post processing independe ...
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use of electronic instruments for detection of geopathogenic radiation

... The paper describes the radiation which radiates from the Earth’s surface. We have known about this radiation for a long time, but the official science avoided such themes as it was not possible to sense it impartially and with certainty. The consequences of such radiation are harmful to living orga ...
The Intern`s Guide to Evaluating Focal Bone Lesions on Plain Film
The Intern`s Guide to Evaluating Focal Bone Lesions on Plain Film

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Medical Radiation Imaging for Cancer
Medical Radiation Imaging for Cancer

... 10. Ultrasound does not involve the use of ionizing radiation and hence ordinarily it would not be covered in a review on radiation medicine. However, its role in medical imaging and in cancer management cannot be overlooked. The ultrasound process involves placing a small device, called a transduce ...
BSc (Med) (Hons) Medical Physics at UCT
BSc (Med) (Hons) Medical Physics at UCT

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Radiation Safety for the Cardiac Sonographer
Radiation Safety for the Cardiac Sonographer

... dose absorption. Exposure can be minimized by limiting the time of exposure to the radioactive source, maximizing distance from the source (increasing distance exponentially reduces exposure) and using shielding. From the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.12 for prolonged periods of time. Because the vo ...
T. Rajesh Kumar 1 , VB Kalra 2 , Hemant P. Pakhale 3 , JN Toppo 4
T. Rajesh Kumar 1 , VB Kalra 2 , Hemant P. Pakhale 3 , JN Toppo 4

... of harbouring disease in the posterior fossa because of its superior virtually artefact free display of anatomy and pathology in this region. The combination of clinical presentation and MR imaging results permit prediction of the histology of a posterior fossa tumor. In this article, we review the ...
Agnikarma Therapy in Classical and Present Era
Agnikarma Therapy in Classical and Present Era

... produces electromagnetic interference, which can interfere with implanted medical devices.27 Electrocautery is a safe and effective method of haemostasis during cutaneous surgery. It is also useful in the treatment of various small benign skin lesions, although only lesions that do not require histo ...
Experience with Blood Brain Barrier Disruption in the Treatment of
Experience with Blood Brain Barrier Disruption in the Treatment of

... Following first BBB disruption procedure, all patients with primary astrocytoma showed remarkable improvement from physical and emotional standpoint. They gained weight and strength. Thus, their life style changed completely for the better. A followup CT scan of the head showed reduction in the mass ...
Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in the
Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in the

... react with electrons, which result in the production of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other. Coincident detection of photon pairs leaving the body by an array of crystals within the gantry allow for computer localization of the emission source (malignant tumor) and consequently image creation. ...
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... the rules for sum of many variables with arbitrary distributions; the total error tends to have ...
Doing More With Less (Radiation)
Doing More With Less (Radiation)

... “Depending on a physician's needs, the images can be constructed in any dimension, better aiding in our diagnosis,” says Dr. Wilson. The biggest improvement, just recently made available, is a dose reduction software program that can reduce patient radiation exposure by up to 60%. This also allows u ...
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... published in the official newspaper of the Republic of Turkey on March 24, 2000 [7]. According to these regulations, the use of dosimeter is mandatory for individuals exposed to a dose of more than 6 mSv annually. In this study, only 10% of orthopedic surgeons questioned used a dosimeter (Question 1 ...
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Radiosurgery

Radiosurgery is surgery using radiation, that is, the destruction of precisely selected areas of tissue using ionizing radiation rather than excision with a blade. Like other forms of radiation therapy, it is usually used to treat cancer. Radiosurgery was originally defined by the Swedish neurosurgeon Lars Leksell as “a single high dose fraction of radiation, stereotactically directed to an intracranial region of interest”. In stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), the word stereotactic refers to a three-dimensional coordinate system that enables accurate correlation of a virtual target seen in the patient's diagnostic images with the actual target position in the patient anatomy.Technological improvements in medical imaging and computing have led to increased clinical adoption of stereotactic radiosurgery and have broadened its scope in recent years. Notwithstanding these improvements, the localization accuracy and precision that are implicit in the word “stereotactic” remain of utmost importance for radiosurgical interventions today. Stereotactic accuracy and precision are significantly increased by using a device known as the N-localizer that was invented by the American physician and computer scientist Russell Brown and that has achieved widespread clinical use in several stereotactic surgical and radiosurgical systems.Recently, the original concept of radiosurgery has been expanded to include treatments comprising up to five fractions, and stereotactic radiosurgery has been redefined as a distinct neurosurgical discipline that utilizes externally generated ionizing radiation to inactivate or eradicate defined targets in the head or spine without the need for a surgical incision. Irrespective of the similarities between the concepts of stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated radiotherapy, and although both treatment modalities are reported to have identical outcomes for certain indications, the intent of both approaches is fundamentally different. The aim of stereotactic radiosurgery is to destroy target tissue while preserving adjacent normal tissue, where fractionated radiotherapy relies on a different sensitivity of the target and the surrounding normal tissue to the total accumulated radiation dose. Historically, the field of fractionated radiotherapy evolved from the original concept of stereotactic radiosurgery following discovery of the principles of radiobiology: repair, reassortment, repopulation, and reoxygenation. Today, both treatment techniques are complementary as tumors that may be resistant to fractionated radiotherapy may respond well to radiosurgery and tumors that are too large or too close to critical organs for safe radiosurgery may be suitable candidates for fractionated radiotherapy.
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