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Vessel Imaging by Interferometric Phase-Contrast X
Vessel Imaging by Interferometric Phase-Contrast X

... values compared with the d␦ of liver tissue (3.5⫻10⫺8). The measured d␦ of FC-43 was lower than the theoretical value. We speculate that the density of FC-43 decreased during stabilization of the interferometer (⬇5 to 10 minutes) because of the nature of its rapid precipitation. Because the differen ...
A Guide to Clinical PET in Oncology
A Guide to Clinical PET in Oncology

... vivo, and the addition of CT imaging underlines the site of malignancy. More accurate and precise interpretation of cancer lesions can therefore be performed by PET/CT imaging than PET or CT imaging alone. Clinical PET, in particular with fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), has already proven ...
Advances in Magnetic Resonance Imaging: How They Are
Advances in Magnetic Resonance Imaging: How They Are

... time was 35 min. In 68 patients with similar characteristics, Hambrock and colleagues [21] analyzed the results of multiparametric 3T MR-guided biopsy and compared them with results from a matched population of patients who underwent multisession TRUS-guided biopsy. The tumour detection rate for MR- ...
Evaluation of the Reliability and Accuracy of Using Cone
Evaluation of the Reliability and Accuracy of Using Cone

... none of these were accurate. Recently, studies on preoperative differential diagnosis using advanced imaging technology, such as computed tomographic (CT) (7) and cone-beam computed tomographic imaging (CBCT) (8, 9), have become available in the literature. Aggarwal et al (7) used computed tomograph ...
Reducing Radiation Dose to the Female Breast During
Reducing Radiation Dose to the Female Breast During

... things at once. For providing valuable guidance, especially that which is in the form of a six-year-old binder of notes on the mathematics and statistics of computed tomography, which I referred to countless times throughout my research, I thank Dr. Anne Clough. I would also like to thank Dominic Cr ...
rsd product brochure - Radiology Support Devices
rsd product brochure - Radiology Support Devices

... work statement had to be changed to permit a splash-down landing.The complications caused by this program led to insolvency of the company. Mr. Alderson then moved to California, where he had grown up, and started Humanetics Inc., devoted to the further development and manufacture of crash-test dumm ...
An Overview of Elastography–An Emerging Branch of Medical Imaging
An Overview of Elastography–An Emerging Branch of Medical Imaging

... Bamber who showed that the time rate of decorrelation between successive A-mode scans may be a useful discriminator between hard and soft tissues subjected to either secondary or externally induced movement [28, 29]. Tristam and coworkers moved Hill’s ideas to more practical implementation. They wer ...
Diagnostic Reference Levels in Medical Imaging
Diagnostic Reference Levels in Medical Imaging

... newer imaging technologies. This report is intended as a further source of information and guidance on these issues. Some terminology has been clarified. In addition, the report recommends quantities for use as DRLs for various imaging modalities, and provides information on use of DRLs for interven ...
the Abstract-Book here
the Abstract-Book here

... the discussion of 63 scientific posters. Both days have two morning and two afternoon sessions with intermediate coffee breaks. For the first time in our event history, 2014 will feature three one-hour symposia over lunch and dinner which are hosted by our gold and silver sponsors. Our technical exh ...
American College of Radiology ACR Appropriateness Criteria
American College of Radiology ACR Appropriateness Criteria

... Gold standard test. Usually performed after initial noninvasive imaging with MR or CT. Parenchymal imaging and CT or MR vascular brain imaging should be considered. MRI is superior to CT for parenchymal evaluation due to greater range of soft-tissue contrast and improved anatomic detail. It is helpf ...
Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging - MS-MRI
Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging - MS-MRI

... injury and potential clinical outcome. SWI is particularly helpful for the evaluation of diffuse axonal injury (DAI), often associated with punctate hemorrhages in the deep subcortical white matter, which are not routinely visible on CT or conventional MR imaging sequences. SWI exploits the magnetic ...
Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Dosimetry
Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Dosimetry

... 10. Visualization of the 2D dose distribution for each new CBCT scan protocol: (a) head, (b) pelvis, (c) pelvis spotlight, and (d) low-dose thorax scans............. 47-48 11. HU linearity test for the new CBCT protocols. Legends are as follows. CBSDH: standard dose head, CBLDH: low dose head, CBHQH ...
portal dosimetry in radiotherapy
portal dosimetry in radiotherapy

... 1.2   EXTERNAL MEGAVOLT PHOTON BEAM TREATMENT  Worldwide,  the  most  frequently  applied  radiotherapy  technique  is  an  external  MV  photon  beam  treatment  with  linear  accelerators  (LINACs)4‐6.  With  these  devices,  electrons are generated and accelerated to high energies of 4‐25 MeV. Th ...
Biologically conformal radiation therapy and Monte
Biologically conformal radiation therapy and Monte

... biology distribution within each target volume and aims at achieving geometrically conformal dose distributions. By using the spatially heterogeneous biology distribution provided by one or several biological imaging modalities to guide the IMRT dose prescription, biologically conformal radiation th ...
Effect of Voxel Size on Detection of External Root Resorption
Effect of Voxel Size on Detection of External Root Resorption

... Background: Selecting a voxel size that yields minimal radiation dose with no significant compromise of the diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is particularly important. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of voxel size on detection accuracy of simulated extern ...
Safety Code 35: Radiation Protection in Radiology
Safety Code 35: Radiation Protection in Radiology

... X-ray exposures remain unchanged. X-rays have the potential for damaging healthy cells and tissues, and therefore all medical procedures employing X-ray equipment must be carefully managed. In all facilities and for all equipment types, procedures must be in place in order to ensure that exposures t ...
Safety Code 35: Radiation Protection in Radiology
Safety Code 35: Radiation Protection in Radiology

... X-ray exposures remain unchanged. X-rays have the potential for damaging healthy cells and tissues, and therefore all medical procedures employing X-ray equipment must be carefully managed. In all facilities and for all equipment types, procedures must be in place in order to ensure that exposures t ...
Delivery accuracy of image guided radiation therapy using Elekta
Delivery accuracy of image guided radiation therapy using Elekta

... 1999). The areas in red (GTV) and orange (CTV) represent the cancerous volume that requires treatment. To treat 100% of these areas, one creates internal margins (dark grey) and setup margins (blue) in the healthy adjacent tissue. Setting internal and setup margins consequently requires irradiating ...
PET/MR — a rapidly growing technique of imaging in oncology and
PET/MR — a rapidly growing technique of imaging in oncology and

... tomography (PET) plays a key role in oncological diagnostics (staging before treatment, evaluation of treatment response, detection of recurrence etc.), as well as other areas, e.g. cardiology, neurology, psychiatry and others. Despite the large role these scans fulfil in imaging diagnostics of vari ...
MotionFree - GE Healthcare
MotionFree - GE Healthcare

... Gated PET acquisition was the first step toward motion-free PET imaging. The most important application of Gated PET imaging is in radiation treatment planning. It allows users to see where the tumor was at a given time and how it moves during patient respiration. The ability to see the tumor in its ...
RADIATION PROTECTION IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY
RADIATION PROTECTION IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY

... The Standard Deviation of CT numbers in the central 500 mm2 ROI for a water or tissue equivalent phantom should not deviate more than 20% from the baseline. • CT number values The deviation in the CT number values for water or tissue equivalent material and materials of different densities should <± ...
Development and testing of extra-cranial tumour tracking
Development and testing of extra-cranial tumour tracking

... respiratory signal is extracted from the external surface displacement and modelled to derive the instantaneous values of amplitude and phase variables. To take into account possible inter-fraction anatomical variations that may occur between planning and treatment time, the tumour baseline in the ...
UNIT 5 biomedical
UNIT 5 biomedical

...  In spiral CT, the X-ray beam is emitted on a continuous basis and rotates around the subject, as the subject is moved through.  Micro Computed Tomography: In micro CT, the pixel size of the images is in micrometer. It is used in cases involving small animals, biomedical samples and other studies ...
Thermal Ablation of Osteoid Osteoma: Overview and Step
Thermal Ablation of Osteoid Osteoma: Overview and Step

... defect that may be vulnerable to fracture and, in some cases, may necessitate internal fixation and bone grafting. To minimize the amount of excised bone, precise intraoperative localization of the lesion is important. Yet localization is difficult in some cases, even with the use of various special ...
Imaging the posterior mediastinum: a multimodality approach
Imaging the posterior mediastinum: a multimodality approach

... on both T1- and T2-weighted MRI. Inactive lesions have low or high attenuation values on CT, depending on the presence of fat or the iron content of the masses (Fig. 4). For the same reason, inactive lesions have high-signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images if there is fatty replacement ...
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Radiosurgery

Radiosurgery is surgery using radiation, that is, the destruction of precisely selected areas of tissue using ionizing radiation rather than excision with a blade. Like other forms of radiation therapy, it is usually used to treat cancer. Radiosurgery was originally defined by the Swedish neurosurgeon Lars Leksell as “a single high dose fraction of radiation, stereotactically directed to an intracranial region of interest”. In stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), the word stereotactic refers to a three-dimensional coordinate system that enables accurate correlation of a virtual target seen in the patient's diagnostic images with the actual target position in the patient anatomy.Technological improvements in medical imaging and computing have led to increased clinical adoption of stereotactic radiosurgery and have broadened its scope in recent years. Notwithstanding these improvements, the localization accuracy and precision that are implicit in the word “stereotactic” remain of utmost importance for radiosurgical interventions today. Stereotactic accuracy and precision are significantly increased by using a device known as the N-localizer that was invented by the American physician and computer scientist Russell Brown and that has achieved widespread clinical use in several stereotactic surgical and radiosurgical systems.Recently, the original concept of radiosurgery has been expanded to include treatments comprising up to five fractions, and stereotactic radiosurgery has been redefined as a distinct neurosurgical discipline that utilizes externally generated ionizing radiation to inactivate or eradicate defined targets in the head or spine without the need for a surgical incision. Irrespective of the similarities between the concepts of stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated radiotherapy, and although both treatment modalities are reported to have identical outcomes for certain indications, the intent of both approaches is fundamentally different. The aim of stereotactic radiosurgery is to destroy target tissue while preserving adjacent normal tissue, where fractionated radiotherapy relies on a different sensitivity of the target and the surrounding normal tissue to the total accumulated radiation dose. Historically, the field of fractionated radiotherapy evolved from the original concept of stereotactic radiosurgery following discovery of the principles of radiobiology: repair, reassortment, repopulation, and reoxygenation. Today, both treatment techniques are complementary as tumors that may be resistant to fractionated radiotherapy may respond well to radiosurgery and tumors that are too large or too close to critical organs for safe radiosurgery may be suitable candidates for fractionated radiotherapy.
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