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Author`s personal copy
Author`s personal copy

... A density-based clustering method has been proposed by Ester et al. [3] which is not grid-based. The basic idea of the algorithm DBSCAN is that for each point of a cluster the neighborhood of a given radius ðÞ has to contain at least a minimum number of points (MinPts) where  and MinPts are input ...
Analyzing Outlier Detection Techniques with Hybrid Method
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... decisions can be made by using the new techniques such as data mining methods. Data mining is the process of extracting useful knowledge from amount of data that are collected in databases. Considering that in the majority of universities prepares a massive database of student’s specifications that ...
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... The file has a first part (lines that starts with “#” symbol) that contains information about number of documents (samples) from that file, number of attributes used to represent the samples and number of topics. The files continue whit part containing attributes, a part containing topics (classes) ...
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Nonlinear dimensionality reduction



High-dimensional data, meaning data that requires more than two or three dimensions to represent, can be difficult to interpret. One approach to simplification is to assume that the data of interest lie on an embedded non-linear manifold within the higher-dimensional space. If the manifold is of low enough dimension, the data can be visualised in the low-dimensional space.Below is a summary of some of the important algorithms from the history of manifold learning and nonlinear dimensionality reduction (NLDR). Many of these non-linear dimensionality reduction methods are related to the linear methods listed below. Non-linear methods can be broadly classified into two groups: those that provide a mapping (either from the high-dimensional space to the low-dimensional embedding or vice versa), and those that just give a visualisation. In the context of machine learning, mapping methods may be viewed as a preliminary feature extraction step, after which pattern recognition algorithms are applied. Typically those that just give a visualisation are based on proximity data – that is, distance measurements.
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