MOLLECULAR BIOLOGY COURSE
... required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs. Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains. There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a prot ...
... required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs. Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains. There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a prot ...
Mitosis - Meiosis Lab
... by the process of cell division, which involves both division of the cell’s nucleus (karyokinesis) and division of the cytoplasm (cytokinesis). There are two types of nuclear division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis typically results in new somatic (body) cells. Formation of an adult organism from a f ...
... by the process of cell division, which involves both division of the cell’s nucleus (karyokinesis) and division of the cytoplasm (cytokinesis). There are two types of nuclear division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis typically results in new somatic (body) cells. Formation of an adult organism from a f ...
9.1 Manipulating DNA - SBI4u Biology Resources
... • Electricity is added to the gel • DNA fragments move through the gel at different rates, away from the negative and toward the positive end – Smaller fragments move easier and further from well, larger fragments more cumbersome and move shorter distances from well • The resulting “fingerprint” of ...
... • Electricity is added to the gel • DNA fragments move through the gel at different rates, away from the negative and toward the positive end – Smaller fragments move easier and further from well, larger fragments more cumbersome and move shorter distances from well • The resulting “fingerprint” of ...
MEIOSIS LAB Name: AP BIOLOGY Period: Crossing Over during
... This time, the MI results in two cells, each containing both genes (1 tan, 1 wildtype); therefore, the genes for spore color have not yet segregated. Meiosis II (MII) results in segregation of the two types of genes for spore color. A mitotic division results in 8 spores arranged in the 2:2:2:2 or 2 ...
... This time, the MI results in two cells, each containing both genes (1 tan, 1 wildtype); therefore, the genes for spore color have not yet segregated. Meiosis II (MII) results in segregation of the two types of genes for spore color. A mitotic division results in 8 spores arranged in the 2:2:2:2 or 2 ...
Protein-coding genes in eukaryotic DNA
... colleagues (2006) suggest that there are ~19,000 pseudogenes in the human genome, slightly fewer than the number of functional protein-coding genes. (11,000 non-processed, 8,000 processed [lack introns].) ...
... colleagues (2006) suggest that there are ~19,000 pseudogenes in the human genome, slightly fewer than the number of functional protein-coding genes. (11,000 non-processed, 8,000 processed [lack introns].) ...
Gene Section ASNS (asparagine synthetase) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... sequence. Transcripts AK302189 and M15798 encode 540 aa N-terminally truncated proteins that differ in sequence between amino acids 312-322 and 332-339. Transcript AK302242 encodes a 478 aa isoform that is further truncated at the N-terminus. ...
... sequence. Transcripts AK302189 and M15798 encode 540 aa N-terminally truncated proteins that differ in sequence between amino acids 312-322 and 332-339. Transcript AK302242 encodes a 478 aa isoform that is further truncated at the N-terminus. ...
The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection in Humans
... With respect to sickle cell, the word “trait” is used somewhat differently than it is ordinarily used in biology. In biology, trait typically refers to one of several phenotypic variants or characters. “Sickle cell trait” specifically refers to the heterozygous state, where an individual is protecte ...
... With respect to sickle cell, the word “trait” is used somewhat differently than it is ordinarily used in biology. In biology, trait typically refers to one of several phenotypic variants or characters. “Sickle cell trait” specifically refers to the heterozygous state, where an individual is protecte ...
Blair, Stuart: A review of the Gene Ontology: past developments, present roles, and future possibilities
... for example, a “neuronal cell body” is_a “cell body” is_a “cell part”10. The relationship is transitive, so “neuronal cell body” is_a “cell part” also. The “part_of” relationship is more complex: in the ‘cellular component’ domain it means ‘is physically part of’ and in the ‘biological process’ doma ...
... for example, a “neuronal cell body” is_a “cell body” is_a “cell part”10. The relationship is transitive, so “neuronal cell body” is_a “cell part” also. The “part_of” relationship is more complex: in the ‘cellular component’ domain it means ‘is physically part of’ and in the ‘biological process’ doma ...
Dot plot
... helps to promote correct binding at the 3′ end due to the stronger hydrogen bonding of G and C bases. • However, strings of G and of C can form internal, non-Watson-Crick base pairs that disrupt stable primer binding. Generally, sequences containing more than three repeats of G or of C in sequence s ...
... helps to promote correct binding at the 3′ end due to the stronger hydrogen bonding of G and C bases. • However, strings of G and of C can form internal, non-Watson-Crick base pairs that disrupt stable primer binding. Generally, sequences containing more than three repeats of G or of C in sequence s ...
Hemoglobin - Wikispaces
... normally synthesized only during fetal development has glucose residues attached to b-globin chains – increased amounts in DM ...
... normally synthesized only during fetal development has glucose residues attached to b-globin chains – increased amounts in DM ...
Solid Tumour Section Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... step in the transformation process, but the overall gene expression patterns are likely to vary considerably between AFH and CCS, in keeping with their clinopathologic differences. EWS/ATF1 functions as a potent constitutive activator of several cAMP-inducible promoters when assayed by transfection ...
... step in the transformation process, but the overall gene expression patterns are likely to vary considerably between AFH and CCS, in keeping with their clinopathologic differences. EWS/ATF1 functions as a potent constitutive activator of several cAMP-inducible promoters when assayed by transfection ...
7.013 Quiz 2 ANSWERS
... fluorescent protein), downstream of the “ON” promoter which is always active, expressing downstream genes. You have a vector, the PON plasmid, and you’ve isolated a DNA fragment containing a promoter-less gfp gene as well as the tetr gene conferring resistance to tetracycline. The vector carries the ...
... fluorescent protein), downstream of the “ON” promoter which is always active, expressing downstream genes. You have a vector, the PON plasmid, and you’ve isolated a DNA fragment containing a promoter-less gfp gene as well as the tetr gene conferring resistance to tetracycline. The vector carries the ...
Chelatococcus sambhunathii sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic
... microscopy (model FEI MORGAGNI 268D). The presence of flagella was determined by using cells that were placed onto a carbon-coated grid and negatively stained with 2.0 % phosphotungstic acid (Sharma et al., 1989). Cells were rod-shaped, 0.8–1.0 mm wide and 2.3–2.7 mm long, motile by means of a singl ...
... microscopy (model FEI MORGAGNI 268D). The presence of flagella was determined by using cells that were placed onto a carbon-coated grid and negatively stained with 2.0 % phosphotungstic acid (Sharma et al., 1989). Cells were rod-shaped, 0.8–1.0 mm wide and 2.3–2.7 mm long, motile by means of a singl ...
Gene converter - Bioinformatics Platform
... SUMMARY CBS is a very helpful tool when characterizing the binding sites for certain TFs in a regulatory sequence. However, it is not uncommon that other applications deal with a different nomenclature for the genes involved in the study. Thus, it is interesting to use this CBS tool to convert gene ...
... SUMMARY CBS is a very helpful tool when characterizing the binding sites for certain TFs in a regulatory sequence. However, it is not uncommon that other applications deal with a different nomenclature for the genes involved in the study. Thus, it is interesting to use this CBS tool to convert gene ...
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae A model organism in genetics
... In nature, yeast cells always grow as diploids: increases their chance to survive mutation of an essential gene (because there is always a second gene copy). However, from time to time deleterious mutations need to be ”cleaned out” and advantageous mutations should eventually be manifested. Un ...
... In nature, yeast cells always grow as diploids: increases their chance to survive mutation of an essential gene (because there is always a second gene copy). However, from time to time deleterious mutations need to be ”cleaned out” and advantageous mutations should eventually be manifested. Un ...
Chapter 10
... • Ribosomes are about 2/3 RNA, 1/3 protein • rRNA serves as a scaffold for ribosomal proteins • The different species of rRNA are referred to according to their sedimentation coefficients • rRNAs typically contain certain modified nucleotides, including pseudouridine and ribothymidylic acid • The ro ...
... • Ribosomes are about 2/3 RNA, 1/3 protein • rRNA serves as a scaffold for ribosomal proteins • The different species of rRNA are referred to according to their sedimentation coefficients • rRNAs typically contain certain modified nucleotides, including pseudouridine and ribothymidylic acid • The ro ...
Chapter 10 Information Transfer in Cells Information Transfer in Cells
... • Ribosomes are about 2/3 RNA, 1/3 protein • rRNA serves as a scaffold for ribosomal proteins • The different species of rRNA are referred to according to their sedimentation coefficients • rRNAs typically contain certain modified nucleotides, including pseudouridine and ribothymidylic acid • The ro ...
... • Ribosomes are about 2/3 RNA, 1/3 protein • rRNA serves as a scaffold for ribosomal proteins • The different species of rRNA are referred to according to their sedimentation coefficients • rRNAs typically contain certain modified nucleotides, including pseudouridine and ribothymidylic acid • The ro ...
Test 2
... protein structure helps to lower the heme’s ability to bind CO. O2 and CO are both bound by an Fe2+ ion, that is held by 4 coordination bonds to the hem protoporphyrin ring. A 5th coordinate bond to the Fe is made by a histidine, leaving the 6th coordinate bond for the O2 or CO. Ordinarily Fe2+ read ...
... protein structure helps to lower the heme’s ability to bind CO. O2 and CO are both bound by an Fe2+ ion, that is held by 4 coordination bonds to the hem protoporphyrin ring. A 5th coordinate bond to the Fe is made by a histidine, leaving the 6th coordinate bond for the O2 or CO. Ordinarily Fe2+ read ...
Karyotyping, FISH and CGH array
... which produces banding patterns on the chromosomes with a band resolution of 400 – 650 bands per haploid chromosome set. The chromosomes with their bands are then examined microscopically for abnormalities such as loss or gain of entire chromosomes, translocations of all or part of an arm of one chr ...
... which produces banding patterns on the chromosomes with a band resolution of 400 – 650 bands per haploid chromosome set. The chromosomes with their bands are then examined microscopically for abnormalities such as loss or gain of entire chromosomes, translocations of all or part of an arm of one chr ...
Chapter 11 : BIOTECHNOLOGY-PRINCIPLES
... (iv) Vectors for cloning genes in plants and animals: The tumor inducing (Ti) plasmid of Agrobacterium tumifaciens has now been modified into a cloning vector which is no more pathogenic to the plants but is still able to use the mechanisms to deliver genes of our interest into a variety of plants. ...
... (iv) Vectors for cloning genes in plants and animals: The tumor inducing (Ti) plasmid of Agrobacterium tumifaciens has now been modified into a cloning vector which is no more pathogenic to the plants but is still able to use the mechanisms to deliver genes of our interest into a variety of plants. ...
The Human GCAP1 and GCAP2 Genes Are Arranged in a Tail
... GCAP1 and GCAP2 are related Ca2/-binding proteins that activate photoreceptor guanylate cyclase(s). We showed previously that the human GCAP1 gene, consisting of four exons, is located at 6p21.1 (locus designation GUCA). To identify the chromosomal location of the GCAP2 gene, we first cloned its cDN ...
... GCAP1 and GCAP2 are related Ca2/-binding proteins that activate photoreceptor guanylate cyclase(s). We showed previously that the human GCAP1 gene, consisting of four exons, is located at 6p21.1 (locus designation GUCA). To identify the chromosomal location of the GCAP2 gene, we first cloned its cDN ...
Metabolism
... The bottom line for beta-oxidation of stearic acid (C18:0) 20 ATP from 8 NADH 12 ATP from 12 FADH2 9 acetyl coA’s through the citric acid cycle: 9 GTP, 67.5 ATP from 27 NADH and 13.5 ATP from 9 FADH2 Minus 2 ATP to start beta oxidation: 120 ATP Fat burns in a flame of carbohydrate Carbohydrate is ne ...
... The bottom line for beta-oxidation of stearic acid (C18:0) 20 ATP from 8 NADH 12 ATP from 12 FADH2 9 acetyl coA’s through the citric acid cycle: 9 GTP, 67.5 ATP from 27 NADH and 13.5 ATP from 9 FADH2 Minus 2 ATP to start beta oxidation: 120 ATP Fat burns in a flame of carbohydrate Carbohydrate is ne ...
Point mutation
A point mutation, or single base modification, is a type of mutation that causes a single nucleotide base change, insertion, or deletion of the genetic material, DNA or RNA. The term frameshift mutation indicates the addition or deletion of a base pair. A point mutant is an individual that is affected by a point mutation.Repeat induced point mutations are recurring point mutations, discussed below.