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Slide 1
Slide 1

... • The final goal of antihypertensive therapy is reduction of mortality and morbidity to CVS and renal diseases. • Primary goal is reduction of systolic BP. We wamt to reach BP less than 140/90 mm Hg (Torr), or less than 130/80 mm Hg among diabetic patients and patients with kidney diseases • Needed ...
Alterations of the Giant Pyramidal Neurons (Betz Cells) in
Alterations of the Giant Pyramidal Neurons (Betz Cells) in

... Diabetes may enhance the development of stroke via increased cortical apoptotic activity but this was not additive in the hippocampus following ischemic injury (Li et al., 2004). Also, the thickness of internal pyramidal layer in primary motor cortex may be due to increasing microglia and other glia ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... Drug utilization pattern of antihypertensive drugs in chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital torsemide) all cause hyperuricemia (increased urination). Orthostatic hypotension may occur in response to any antihypertensive agents; however, it is common with diuretics. Calcium cha ...
Heterogeneity of GABAergic Cells in Cat Visual Cortex
Heterogeneity of GABAergic Cells in Cat Visual Cortex

... and for grayish-blue reaction products, 4-Cl-naphthol, are used. The elution process is the most critical step of the staining procedure. This elution has to be complete, selective, and mav not elute or denature the antigen to be localized in the subsequent-staining sequence. Completeness of the elu ...
histology of the central nervous system
histology of the central nervous system

... Occasionally the neuron like in the amacrine cells of the retina does not contain axon, but this is quite uncommon. Axon is usually thinner and much longer than the dendrites of the same cell. The part of the axon between the hillock and the beginning of the myelin sheath is called the initial segme ...
Neuroscience 7a – Neuromuscular, spinal cord
Neuroscience 7a – Neuromuscular, spinal cord

Black Box Methods – Neural Networks and Support Vector
Black Box Methods – Neural Networks and Support Vector

... In engineering, these are referred to as black box processes because the mechanism that transforms the input into the output is obfuscated by a figurative box. The reasons for the opacity can vary; for instance, black box closed source software intentionally conceals proprietary algorithms, the blac ...
Effect of TRIPS on Pricing, Affordability and Access to Essential
Effect of TRIPS on Pricing, Affordability and Access to Essential

... Background to TRIPS and its challenges to developing countries In 1994, when the WTO was formed, its member states adopted TRIPS as a means for securing intellectual property protection for pharmaceuticals and other technologies. The reason for this was to encourage funding and to provide incentives ...
A Scientific Perspective on Marijuana on the Eve of Its
A Scientific Perspective on Marijuana on the Eve of Its

... DR. INABA: Marijuana is a nightmare for empirical scientists’ to study accurately. It is not a single chemical but a virtual smorgasbord of hundreds to thousands of biologically active compounds. Though there are only three species of the cannabis plant, there are vast numbers of strains, varieties, ...
The Output Signal of Purkinje Cells of the Cerebellum and Circadian
The Output Signal of Purkinje Cells of the Cerebellum and Circadian

... spanning a time-period of more than 24 h, we adopted the classical protocol used by Green and Gillette [26] to monitor circadian activity in the SCN under in vitro conditions. This protocol is based upon rapid and random sampling of single units for periods of 5 minutes, rather than the long-term ac ...
Respiratory-pharmacology
Respiratory-pharmacology

... These agents relax bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in bronchodilation and relief from bronchospasm. These agents are first line therapy for acute shortness of breath. Administered via metered dose inhaler or nebulizer. Overall, these agents are very safe. ...
Spinal Cord
Spinal Cord

...  Pain Perceptions – based on expectations, past experience, anxiety, suggestions  Affective – one’s emotional factors that can affect pain experience  Behavioral – how one expresses or controls pain  Cognitive – one’s beliefs (attitudes) about pain ...
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No Slide Title

... Grammaticization: From bag of tricks to systematic syntax Karine Megerdoomian: Unlocking the CF of verbs ...
Stockholm University
Stockholm University

... divides the spike trains into small time bins, and to each neuron i and each time bin t assigns a binary variables si(t) = -1 if neuron i has not emitted any spikes in that time bin and 1 if it has emitted one or more spikes. One then can construct an Ising model, P(s) = Z-1exp{h's+s'Js} for the spi ...
Effective and Appropriate Use of Psych
Effective and Appropriate Use of Psych

... ◦ Gabapentin (Neurontin) ...
Prescription practice in patients of upper respiratory tract infection at
Prescription practice in patients of upper respiratory tract infection at

... paediatric population. Often, it has a viral origin and requires only symptomatic treatment. Very few patients require antibiotics. The prescriptions of children, diagnosed with URTI, over one year period of time, were studied to assess the utilization of drugs. Of 2981 patients, only 1078 patients ...
Comprehensive Translational Assessment of Human Induced
Comprehensive Translational Assessment of Human Induced

... by the drug effect on inward currents, as is the case for several marketed drugs (e.g., verapamil also blocks L-type calcium current, ranolazine blocks late sodium current) (Johannesen et al. 2014). This has been the driving factor for the development of a new Comprehensive in vitro Proarrhythmia As ...
1-R011 - IJSPS
1-R011 - IJSPS

... should follow the advice that such models needed to be with close resemblance to biological neural systems. That resemblance ought to be not only from structural analysis but also from functional characterization. In other words understanding learning/training process carried out by ANN is highly re ...
Drugs Salbutamol (Ventolin) SLB
Drugs Salbutamol (Ventolin) SLB

... 140 after significant doses of salbutomol. This is not usually of any clinical significance and should not usually preclude further use of the drug. Otherwise there is no limit on the maximum number of nebulised doses a patient may have. Repeat doses should, however, be discontinued if the side effe ...
Drugs and Driving Prevalence of drug driving
Drugs and Driving Prevalence of drug driving

... the time of the accident. Researchers have looked at this using laboratory studies, driving simulator studies, closed-circuit or on-road driving studies and field or 'real-world' studies. While there is no doubt that alcohol decreases driving performance and increases the risk of motor vehicle accid ...
Full version (PDF file)
Full version (PDF file)

... involvement of sympathetic inhibition or parasympathetic stimulation by melatonin (Chuang et al. 1993). Chronic administration of melatonin, similarly like N-acetylcysteine, decreased blood pressure and heart rate and improved the chronotropic response to isoproterenol, in association with the inhib ...
Introduction - Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife
Introduction - Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife

... temperature of 25ºC in view. So even with high standards of manufacture, the quality of a product cannot be guaranteed once it has been subjected to tropical conditions. Stability of Drugs in Tropics: One important aspect of drug problems in the tropics is the effect of weather on drugs. Heat, light ...
Jesse Sue Wageman Pharm.D. Kootenai Health Pharmacy Resident
Jesse Sue Wageman Pharm.D. Kootenai Health Pharmacy Resident

... Acts on the brains reward system  THC activates the reward system the same way that nearly ...
The AL-1 Story
The AL-1 Story

... Lundbeck). The first in a novel class of Alzheimer's disease medications acting on the NMDA receptor. Memantine is a low-affinity voltage-dependent uncompetitive antagonist at glutamatergic NMDA receptors. By binding to the NMDA receptor with a higher affinity than Mg2+ ions, memantine is able to in ...
Serotonin Syndrome - Utah Poison Control Center
Serotonin Syndrome - Utah Poison Control Center

... serotonin in the body is found in enterochromaffin cells in the GI tract. It is also found in platelets. Serotonin is found in plant and animal tissues as well as in many venoms.2 Vomiting, sleep, temperature regulation, appetite, mood, regulation of blood pressure, and the perception of pain are fu ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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