The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of
... is that human experiences rarely reveal the way that the natural world works: ‘Physical concepts are free creations of the human mind, and are not; however, it may seem, uniquely determined by the external world’ (Einstein et al., 1938, p. 33). The last two decades of neuroscience research have brou ...
... is that human experiences rarely reveal the way that the natural world works: ‘Physical concepts are free creations of the human mind, and are not; however, it may seem, uniquely determined by the external world’ (Einstein et al., 1938, p. 33). The last two decades of neuroscience research have brou ...
Drugs and Medical Devices in Research
... A substance (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body; or A substance intended for use as a component of a medicine but not a device or a component, part, or accessory of a device. Note: Biological products (e.g., vaccine, virus, or blood) are included within thi ...
... A substance (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body; or A substance intended for use as a component of a medicine but not a device or a component, part, or accessory of a device. Note: Biological products (e.g., vaccine, virus, or blood) are included within thi ...
Non-opioid Analgesics and Adjuvants
... Undertreatment is likely because of • Barriers (patient, clinician, and system) • Published experience of multidisciplinary pain programs • Opioids associated with poor function • Opioids associated with substance use disorders and other ...
... Undertreatment is likely because of • Barriers (patient, clinician, and system) • Published experience of multidisciplinary pain programs • Opioids associated with poor function • Opioids associated with substance use disorders and other ...
Genotyping - Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) For Drug Metabolism
... However, it is important to realize that many drugs are metabolized to varying degrees by more than one enzyme, either within or outside of the CYP450 superfamily. In addition, interaction between different metabolizing genes, interaction of genes and environment, and interactions among different no ...
... However, it is important to realize that many drugs are metabolized to varying degrees by more than one enzyme, either within or outside of the CYP450 superfamily. In addition, interaction between different metabolizing genes, interaction of genes and environment, and interactions among different no ...
extrasynaptic glutamate does not reach the postsynaptic density
... metabotropic (mGlu) receptors. According to Garaschuk et al. [20], ACPD, selective agonist of certain subtypes of these receptors, inhibited population spike in CA1 (but not in CA3) neurons leaving the EPSC unaffected. The age of the animals is critical for this phenomenology. In the rats younger th ...
... metabotropic (mGlu) receptors. According to Garaschuk et al. [20], ACPD, selective agonist of certain subtypes of these receptors, inhibited population spike in CA1 (but not in CA3) neurons leaving the EPSC unaffected. The age of the animals is critical for this phenomenology. In the rats younger th ...
Prediction in Human Decision Making
... Today, it is revealed that human beings employ a reinforcement learning process to decide between alternative options [14, 28]. Several cortical and sub-cortical regions are involved in a decision making process, most of which have a reward related activity [13]. Although a great number of brain reg ...
... Today, it is revealed that human beings employ a reinforcement learning process to decide between alternative options [14, 28]. Several cortical and sub-cortical regions are involved in a decision making process, most of which have a reward related activity [13]. Although a great number of brain reg ...
Depression is a widespread illness with an estimated 340
... looking at the evidence that levels of neurotransmitters and hormones, in this case cortisol, may cause depression and that medications designed to alter brain chemical levels directly succeed in reducing depression. It is clear from the preceding review that there is no clear evidence that depressi ...
... looking at the evidence that levels of neurotransmitters and hormones, in this case cortisol, may cause depression and that medications designed to alter brain chemical levels directly succeed in reducing depression. It is clear from the preceding review that there is no clear evidence that depressi ...
Butterfield and Poon.. - Chemistry
... prone (SAMP) substrains and three major senescence-accelerated mouse resistant (SAMR) substrains, each of which exhibits characteristic disorders. Recently, SAMP8 have drawn attention in gerontological research due to its characteristic learning and memory deficits at old age. Many recent reports pr ...
... prone (SAMP) substrains and three major senescence-accelerated mouse resistant (SAMR) substrains, each of which exhibits characteristic disorders. Recently, SAMP8 have drawn attention in gerontological research due to its characteristic learning and memory deficits at old age. Many recent reports pr ...
The Nervous System
... A. definition: self-propagating wave of electrical disturbance that travels along the surface of a neuron membrane B. mechanism: a. a stimulus triggers the opening of Na⁺ channels in the plasma membrane of the neuron b. inward movement of positive sodium ions leaves a slight excess of negative ions ...
... A. definition: self-propagating wave of electrical disturbance that travels along the surface of a neuron membrane B. mechanism: a. a stimulus triggers the opening of Na⁺ channels in the plasma membrane of the neuron b. inward movement of positive sodium ions leaves a slight excess of negative ions ...
spinal cord - Zanichelli
... Neurons communicate with other neurons at synapses, regions of close proximity between an axon terminal and a dendrite. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse. ...
... Neurons communicate with other neurons at synapses, regions of close proximity between an axon terminal and a dendrite. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse. ...
Intravenous Agents - RAH
... the barbiturate sedative-hypnotic activity probably relates to enhancement of GABA activity, whereas, barbiturate anaesthesia from their so-called "GABA-mimetic action" therefore, the action is probably at the GABAA receptor, as the GABAB subtype results in an increase in gK+ and gNa+ these effects ...
... the barbiturate sedative-hypnotic activity probably relates to enhancement of GABA activity, whereas, barbiturate anaesthesia from their so-called "GABA-mimetic action" therefore, the action is probably at the GABAA receptor, as the GABAB subtype results in an increase in gK+ and gNa+ these effects ...
Optimization (supervised learning)
... • complexity increases to cubics • Yet, the connectivities become local to reduce the complexity! ...
... • complexity increases to cubics • Yet, the connectivities become local to reduce the complexity! ...
Altered Fronto-Striatal and Fronto-Cerebellar Circuits in Heroin
... regional brain activity or on a set of brain regions within a network. So, it is still difficult to generalize the findings of these separated studies for deep understanding heroin addiction mechanism. At present, there are only a few studies dedicated to explore the heroin addiction mechanism from ...
... regional brain activity or on a set of brain regions within a network. So, it is still difficult to generalize the findings of these separated studies for deep understanding heroin addiction mechanism. At present, there are only a few studies dedicated to explore the heroin addiction mechanism from ...
An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
... divisions of the nervous system, and explain what is meant by the somatic nervous system. • 15-2 Explain why receptors respond to specific stimuli, and how the organization of a receptor affects its sensitivity. • 15-3 Identify the receptors for the general senses, and describe how they function. ...
... divisions of the nervous system, and explain what is meant by the somatic nervous system. • 15-2 Explain why receptors respond to specific stimuli, and how the organization of a receptor affects its sensitivity. • 15-3 Identify the receptors for the general senses, and describe how they function. ...
P21 The role of ethanol containing lotions on ethylglucuronide in
... Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in hair, a non-volatile, direct metabolite of ethanol proved to be an interesting marker for the evaluation of social and chronic excessive alcohol consumption. Regarding the influence of cosmetic treatment, only one study has so been published so far showing that bleaching m ...
... Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in hair, a non-volatile, direct metabolite of ethanol proved to be an interesting marker for the evaluation of social and chronic excessive alcohol consumption. Regarding the influence of cosmetic treatment, only one study has so been published so far showing that bleaching m ...
article in press - Neurobiology of Vocal Communication
... is limited. In other words, electrical brain stimulation can help to delimit the neural vocalization network as a whole; it cannot identify, however, the modal points of the system, that is, the sites at which processing of vocalization takes place. A more specific approach than electrical stimulati ...
... is limited. In other words, electrical brain stimulation can help to delimit the neural vocalization network as a whole; it cannot identify, however, the modal points of the system, that is, the sites at which processing of vocalization takes place. A more specific approach than electrical stimulati ...
The Red Nucleus: Past, Present, and Future
... locomotion in the air or on the ground [1]. Locomotion using limbs led to a dedicated descending pathway by which the central nervous system (CNS) could initiate movement. Examination of the red nucleus’ role in limb movement requires an understanding of the structure’s cytoarchitecture. The structu ...
... locomotion in the air or on the ground [1]. Locomotion using limbs led to a dedicated descending pathway by which the central nervous system (CNS) could initiate movement. Examination of the red nucleus’ role in limb movement requires an understanding of the structure’s cytoarchitecture. The structu ...
Postoperative nausea and vomiting
... should be used together for its prevention. The most common combination without side effects is a combination of dexamethasone and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. In particular, dexamethasone is more effective when administered at the beginning of surgery, due to its relatively slow onset. Despite its we ...
... should be used together for its prevention. The most common combination without side effects is a combination of dexamethasone and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. In particular, dexamethasone is more effective when administered at the beginning of surgery, due to its relatively slow onset. Despite its we ...
THC - Department of Psychology
... Marijuana smokers are more likely to get into an auto accident. Reaction time is the same, but slower at noticing things that should be stopped for. Decline in sensory-motor performance as well as attention and memory will persist well after the point at which the marijuana smoker no longer feels hi ...
... Marijuana smokers are more likely to get into an auto accident. Reaction time is the same, but slower at noticing things that should be stopped for. Decline in sensory-motor performance as well as attention and memory will persist well after the point at which the marijuana smoker no longer feels hi ...
Swedish Children Subjected to Heavy Psychostimulant Drugging
... Children are being labeled with a diagnosis that according to certain psychiatric claims is a lifelong disease for half of them, yet without them being actually sick. The children themselves and their parents are not receiving the information or help they should. Swedish Health care workers are – in ...
... Children are being labeled with a diagnosis that according to certain psychiatric claims is a lifelong disease for half of them, yet without them being actually sick. The children themselves and their parents are not receiving the information or help they should. Swedish Health care workers are – in ...
Principles of Extracellular Single
... with behaviors or physiological events. Electrical or chemical stimulation of identified cell populations at the recording site can also be used to determine the effects of cell activity on behavior or physiology. As with any methodology, there are limits to the kinds of questions that can be addres ...
... with behaviors or physiological events. Electrical or chemical stimulation of identified cell populations at the recording site can also be used to determine the effects of cell activity on behavior or physiology. As with any methodology, there are limits to the kinds of questions that can be addres ...
Avian brains and a new understanding of
... part of the amygdala were pallial, but this view was largely ignored at the time). In birds, the finding that the structures that had been called hyperstriatum, neostriatum and archistriatum were neither striatum nor pallidum raised the question of which telencephalic sector these regions did repres ...
... part of the amygdala were pallial, but this view was largely ignored at the time). In birds, the finding that the structures that had been called hyperstriatum, neostriatum and archistriatum were neither striatum nor pallidum raised the question of which telencephalic sector these regions did repres ...
Chemo and endocrine
... progestins inhibit pglycoprotein, an effect that could enhance sensitivity to drugs such as doxorubicin. The apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-2 is down-regulated by tamoxifen, possibly enhancing sensitivity to drugs using this cell death pathway. ...
... progestins inhibit pglycoprotein, an effect that could enhance sensitivity to drugs such as doxorubicin. The apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-2 is down-regulated by tamoxifen, possibly enhancing sensitivity to drugs using this cell death pathway. ...
The beginning of connectomics: a commentary on White
... When he first began to turn his attention to the nervous system, Brenner felt he needed to find a suitable experimental organism. Among current models, one popular, well-studied choice, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, had good genetics and interesting behaviour but seemed too complex as its n ...
... When he first began to turn his attention to the nervous system, Brenner felt he needed to find a suitable experimental organism. Among current models, one popular, well-studied choice, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, had good genetics and interesting behaviour but seemed too complex as its n ...