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spinal cord

... control and coordination of life functions and activities 2 systems involved: 1. nervous- electrical system, brain,spine and nerves found in multicellular organisms 2. endocrine- chemical system, hormones found in all organisms Nervous System: definitions: a. stimulus- change in the internal or ex ...
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anti-anxiety medications

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... • Users can never be sure of exactly what they are taking • Not knowing the strength of what has been bought could lead to an accidental overdose (which may be life-threatening) • Users can't be precisely sure of the effect the drug will have, even if they have taken ...
Drugs - North Allegheny School District
Drugs - North Allegheny School District

... Many people believe that every problem, no matter how large or small, has or should have chemical solutions. Examples: For fatigue = caffeine For insomnia = sleeping pills For anxiety or boredom = alcohol/drugs How do drugs work??? Nerve cells in the brain are called neurons. These neurons "ta ...
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Somatic Sensations

... transmitted by unmyelinated axons • Visceral pain: not as well localized as pain originating from the skin  pain impulses travel on secondary axons dedicated to the somatic afferents  referred pain ...
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Nervous System Introduction

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Histology of Nervous Tissue

... • Membrane permeability greater for K+ than Na+ or Cl– Na/K electrogenic pump moves ions in 3:2 ratio – Anions (Cl-) have little effect Ions Across Membrane (graphic) Graded Potentials • Voltage change due to ion flow through chemically (ligand) or mechanically gated channels • Amount of voltage cha ...
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Chapter Three - New Providence School District

... A second method in this line of investigation is to compare specific traits across identical twins and fraternal twins. This method, called studies, assumes that inherited traits are much more likely to be found among (.i~_e.ntical/fraternal) twins, These studies do in fact show that for many charac ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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