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Instructor`s Guide
Instructor`s Guide

... • Waves can superimpose on one another, bend around corners, reflect off surfaces, be absorbed by materials they enter, and change direction when entering a new material. All these effects vary with wavelength. The Physical Setting: Forces of Nature • Gravitational force is an attraction between m ...
The Science of Astronomy 3.1 Multiple
The Science of Astronomy 3.1 Multiple

... B) to explain the fact that planets sometimes appear to move westward, rather than eastward, relative to the stars in our sky C) to explain why the Greeks were unable to detect stellar parallax D) to properly account for the varying distances of the planets from Earth E) to explain why Venus goes th ...
Grade 5 CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
Grade 5 CPSD Science Curriculum Guide

... types of stars. This information does not help students attain the performance expectation. The information should be used to establish the idea of differences in star size and its relationship on apparent brightness in relation to our perspective (and distance from us) on Earth. ...
PH109 Exploring the Uiverse, Test #4, Spring, 1999
PH109 Exploring the Uiverse, Test #4, Spring, 1999

... 12. What classification do we give a star where degenerate neutrons prevent the outer layers of the star from collapsing in on itself a) main sequence b) white dwarf c) neutron star d) black hole 13. Black holes are a) creations of science fiction writers b) the result of stars too massive for neut ...
The Jerusalem Teddy Park Sundial
The Jerusalem Teddy Park Sundial

... point where the Earth's rotational axis intersects the celestial sphere. The indentation at the center of the stone base of the sundial is intended to cast a circle of light on the bottom plate. Every day throughout the year at the same time (e.g. at noon Daily Mean Time) the circle of light falls o ...
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Unit 1

... When dropped by an astronaut on the Moon, two objects of different mass will ...
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grade 7 natural sciences term 4 planet earth and beyond
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... Tides are the predictable, repeated rise and fall of the sea and ocean levels. You can see the effect of the tides in the waves on the sea. During high tide, the sea level rises and the waves bring the seawater further up the beach, or raise the sea level in the harbour. During low tide, the water l ...
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... 14. 6.30 A satellite orbiting the moon very near the surface has a period of 110 min. Use this information, together with the radius of the moon r=1.74×106m, to calculate the free-fall acceleration on the moon’s surface. What is the moon's acceleration due to gravity? ...
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... 52 Describe the change that takes place in the gravitational attraction between Earth and the Sun as Earth moves from perihelion to aphelion and back to perihelion during one year. [1] 53 Describe how the shape of Earth’s orbit would differ if the Sun and focus B were ...
without video - Scott Marley
without video - Scott Marley

... ASTRO SUMMER SCHOOL ...
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... But since the Moon and planets also move in orbits whose planes do not differ greatly from that of the Earth's orbit, these bodies, when visible in our sky, always stay relatively close to the ecliptic line. Our solar system can be thought of as somewhat flat, with most of the planets (the exception ...
Warm up to the Solar System`s Furnace
Warm up to the Solar System`s Furnace

... when we cover Pluto. The Sun does something equally as important as supporting life on Earth. It is also the gravitational hub of our solar system. The Sun’s incredible gravitational pull keeps the planets, asteroids, dwarf planets and all their moons in orbit around it. Compared to Earth, the Sun i ...
NATS1311_091108_bw - The University of Texas at Dallas
NATS1311_091108_bw - The University of Texas at Dallas

... March 21st, regardless of the position of the Sun. Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, 46 days before Easter, and must contain the Lenten Moon, considered to be the last full Moon of winter. The first full Moon of spring is called the Egg Moon (or Easter Moon, or Paschal Moon) and must fall within the wee ...
North Celestial Pole
North Celestial Pole

... The altitude of an object is the angle between it and the horizon. The horizon has an altitude of 0° and the zenith has an altitude of 90°. The azimuth of an object is the angle between it and north, measured clockwise along the horizon. North has an azimuth of 0°, east has an azimuth of 90°, south ...
TESSMANN PLANETARIUM GUIDE TO THE SOLAR SYSTEM
TESSMANN PLANETARIUM GUIDE TO THE SOLAR SYSTEM

... Earth’s molten core provides a magnetic field that protects the planet from harmful solar radiation. Mercury, Venus and Mars do not have this protection. The deflection of solar radiation sometimes results in colorful displays known as auroras or the northern and southern lights. Earth is only plane ...
Earth/Space Science ​FINAL​ Review/Study Guide: Gardana DUE
Earth/Space Science ​FINAL​ Review/Study Guide: Gardana DUE

... 33.) How does a star evolve after its main­sequence stage?  34.) What are the characteristics of a constellation?  35.) What are the three main types of galaxies?  36.) How is a galaxy with a quasar in it different from a typical galaxy?  37.) How did Hubble’s discoveries lead to an understanding t ...
Gen1_14 - Amador Bible Studies
Gen1_14 - Amador Bible Studies

... a. Our solar system only has one star, the sun. It is 800,000 miles in diameter. It is 332,000 times more massive than the earth. The surface temperature is 6000 degrees Centigrade. It is estimated to be twenty million degrees Centigrade in its core. The sun has nine planets revolving around it. (1) ...
August 2014 - Hermanus Astronomy
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... planets Mars and Saturn, and the head of the scorpion (Scorpius). Also at dusk, but to the west and in the last week of August, Mercury, Mars and Saturn are visible in the early-evening sky with a very young crescent Moon just above the horizon below Mercury. The Moon is also a solo performer this m ...
ASTR100 Class 01 - University of Maryland Astronomy
ASTR100 Class 01 - University of Maryland Astronomy

... Revisiting the Nebular Theory  Nebular theory predicts massive Jupiter-like planets should not form inside the frost line (at << 5 AU).  The discovery of “hot Jupiters” has forced a reexamination of the nebular theory.  “Planetary migration” or gravitational encounters may explain hot Jupiters. ...
Is there anybody out there?
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... • fl = percentage of a lifetime of a planet that is marked by the presence of complex metazoans • fm = fraction of planets with a large moon • fj = fraction of solar systems with Jupiter sized planets • fme = Fraction of planets with critically low number of mass extinction events ...
Matariki-Maori New Year
Matariki-Maori New Year

... • The crops were planted according to the appearance of the Matariki star cluster. • If the stars were clear and bright, it was a sign of a favourable and productive season ahead, and planting would begin in September. • If the stars appeared hazy and closely bunched together, a cold winter was in ...
Chapter 13 Exploring the final frontier
Chapter 13 Exploring the final frontier

... 18. A 400 g rock is tied to the end of a 2 m long string and whirled until it has a speed of 12.5 m s–1. Calculate the centripetal force and acceleration experienced by the rock. 19. Calculate the time that light emitted by the Sun would take to reach each of the planets of the solar system, using t ...
solar system notes
solar system notes

... down for each of the planets. How do these values compare to the orbital period of each planet (Table 2)? Better still type [xx,yy]=ginput on the MATLAB command line and using the mouse, click on each of the peaks. Once you’ve clicked on all 9, press enter and the values will be saved in the xx arra ...
Friday, August 29
Friday, August 29

... • Their positions are related because – the direction of Polaris defines the rotation axis of the celestial sphere – The sun is somewhere on the sphere – From a “skewed” perspective everything on the sphere culminates on the meridian ...
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Geocentric model



In astronomy, the geocentric model (also known as geocentrism, or the Ptolemaic system) is a description of the cosmos where Earth is at the orbital center of all celestial bodies. This model served as the predominant cosmological system in many ancient civilizations such as ancient Greece including the noteworthy systems of Aristotle (see Aristotelian physics) and Ptolemy. As such, they believed that the Sun, Moon, stars, and naked eye planets circled Earth.Two commonly made observations supported the idea that Earth was the center of the Universe. The stars, the sun, and planets appear to revolve around Earth each day, making Earth the center of that system. The stars were thought to be on a celestial sphere, with the earth at its center, that rotated each day, using a line through the north and south pole as an axis. The stars closest to the equator appeared to rise and fall the greatest distance, but each star circled back to its rising point each day. The second observation supporting the geocentric model was that the Earth does not seem to move from the perspective of an Earth-bound observer, and that it is solid, stable, and unmoving.Ancient Roman and medieval philosophers usually combined the geocentric model with a spherical Earth. It is not the same as the older flat Earth model implied in some mythology, as was the case with the biblical and postbiblical Latin cosmology. The ancient Jewish Babylonian uranography pictured a flat Earth with a dome-shaped rigid canopy named firmament placed over it. (רקיע- rāqîa').However, the ancient Greeks believed that the motions of the planets were circular and not elliptical, a view that was not challenged in Western culture until the 17th century through the synthesis of theories by Copernicus and Kepler.The astronomical predictions of Ptolemy's geocentric model were used to prepare astrological and astronomical charts for over 1500 years. The geocentric model held sway into the early modern age, but from the late 16th century onward was gradually superseded by the heliocentric model of Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler. There was much resistance to the transition between these two theories. Christian theologians were reluctant to reject a theory that agreed with Bible passages (e.g. ""Sun, stand you still upon Gibeon"", Joshua 10:12 – King James 2000 Bible). Others felt a new, unknown theory could not subvert an accepted consensus for geocentrism.
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