Protostars and planets
... known were those in the Solar System: the most massive of them is only MJupiter ≈ 10−3 M⊙ , and there are many of them follow approximately circular orbits about the Sun (indeed “planet” comes from Greek “wanderer” because planets appear to move through the fixed stars). Classifications based on mas ...
... known were those in the Solar System: the most massive of them is only MJupiter ≈ 10−3 M⊙ , and there are many of them follow approximately circular orbits about the Sun (indeed “planet” comes from Greek “wanderer” because planets appear to move through the fixed stars). Classifications based on mas ...
ASTRO OTTER (for secondary students)
... including the orbital characteristics and any other significant or unusual features of each planet. Particular emphasis is made to describe the differences between the terrestrial and the Jovian planets and how they formed. This program contains moderately enhanced vocabulary including; elliptical a ...
... including the orbital characteristics and any other significant or unusual features of each planet. Particular emphasis is made to describe the differences between the terrestrial and the Jovian planets and how they formed. This program contains moderately enhanced vocabulary including; elliptical a ...
March 2016
... gravitational waves for the first time. An unavoidable prediction of Einstein's General Relativity, gravitational waves emerge whenever a mass gets accelerated. For most systems -- like Earth orbiting the Sun -- the waves are so weak that it would take many times the age of the Universe to notice. B ...
... gravitational waves for the first time. An unavoidable prediction of Einstein's General Relativity, gravitational waves emerge whenever a mass gets accelerated. For most systems -- like Earth orbiting the Sun -- the waves are so weak that it would take many times the age of the Universe to notice. B ...
PH709-10-asn1ans
... Please indicate if special requirements/instructions (e.g. graph paper) are to be supplied. Marks allocated to each question/part of question should be clearly noted in the righthand margin. Please ensure that the mark allocated for each part of the question is an integer. Mark (a) Explain the diffe ...
... Please indicate if special requirements/instructions (e.g. graph paper) are to be supplied. Marks allocated to each question/part of question should be clearly noted in the righthand margin. Please ensure that the mark allocated for each part of the question is an integer. Mark (a) Explain the diffe ...
Document
... B) both formed by accretion of planetesimals but the outer planets became massive enough to also pull gas onto them directly from the solar nebula. C) both formed by accretion of rocky and icy planetesimals, but the terrestrial planets were close enough to the Sun that almost all of the ices escaped ...
... B) both formed by accretion of planetesimals but the outer planets became massive enough to also pull gas onto them directly from the solar nebula. C) both formed by accretion of rocky and icy planetesimals, but the terrestrial planets were close enough to the Sun that almost all of the ices escaped ...
The Search for Worlds Like Our Own
... the prevalence of terrestrial planets, as well as their properties and ability to host life as we know it, now constitute high-priority objectives (themes) in the long-term science plan (Cosmic Vision 2015–2025) of ESA, as well as in similar plans under development at NASA. An underlying theme withi ...
... the prevalence of terrestrial planets, as well as their properties and ability to host life as we know it, now constitute high-priority objectives (themes) in the long-term science plan (Cosmic Vision 2015–2025) of ESA, as well as in similar plans under development at NASA. An underlying theme withi ...
Chapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems
... of the sort that can now be detected. They are mostly gas giants like Jupiter, but closer to star. Why didn’t our Jupiter migrate? Nearly all of these have been discovered using the radial velocity method. This method (and most other methods) miss planets far from their stars, so can’t tell how comm ...
... of the sort that can now be detected. They are mostly gas giants like Jupiter, but closer to star. Why didn’t our Jupiter migrate? Nearly all of these have been discovered using the radial velocity method. This method (and most other methods) miss planets far from their stars, so can’t tell how comm ...
Chapter 1 - A Modern View of the Universe
... Earth – an average size planet in an average-sized orbit The Sun – a slightly above-average size star, just one of 100 billion in our Galaxy Our location in the Milky Way Galaxy – neither near the center nor near the outskirts Our Galaxy – neither unusually big nor small, just one of 100 billion ...
... Earth – an average size planet in an average-sized orbit The Sun – a slightly above-average size star, just one of 100 billion in our Galaxy Our location in the Milky Way Galaxy – neither near the center nor near the outskirts Our Galaxy – neither unusually big nor small, just one of 100 billion ...
Related Handout - Orange County Astronomers
... few miles to several hundred miles. They circle the Sun in 4.6 years in a vast cloud between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter at an average distance of 2.8 AU. Ceres, with a diameter of 560 miles, was the first asteroid found, and the list increased rapidly to reach numbers in the thousands. Today mor ...
... few miles to several hundred miles. They circle the Sun in 4.6 years in a vast cloud between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter at an average distance of 2.8 AU. Ceres, with a diameter of 560 miles, was the first asteroid found, and the list increased rapidly to reach numbers in the thousands. Today mor ...
conjunction and opposition
... Mercury can only be seen at a few times through the year, as it is often in a line of sight close with the Sun and impossible to see as a result. In the evening, about 30 to 45 minutes after sunset, or in the morning about 30 to 45 minutes before sunrise – these are the only times you will be able t ...
... Mercury can only be seen at a few times through the year, as it is often in a line of sight close with the Sun and impossible to see as a result. In the evening, about 30 to 45 minutes after sunset, or in the morning about 30 to 45 minutes before sunrise – these are the only times you will be able t ...
STUDY QUESTIONS #10 The MILKY WAY GALAXY diameter face
... 8. According to the measurable light in the whole Galaxy, almost all stars are located within 50,000 lightyears of the galactic center. Then, what would you expect the rotation curve to look like in the outer Galaxy, out to 100,000 light years? Draw it on the plot above. (hint: compare this plot wit ...
... 8. According to the measurable light in the whole Galaxy, almost all stars are located within 50,000 lightyears of the galactic center. Then, what would you expect the rotation curve to look like in the outer Galaxy, out to 100,000 light years? Draw it on the plot above. (hint: compare this plot wit ...
Planets of Our, and Other, Solar Systems
... • These observations indicated that Al-26 was injected rapidly, within 20,000 years, into the young solar nebula while it was hot enough (>1600K) for CAI material to not yet have solidified. • Gritschneder et.al. 2011 hydro simulations show a massive star supernova (type II SN) within a Giant Molecu ...
... • These observations indicated that Al-26 was injected rapidly, within 20,000 years, into the young solar nebula while it was hot enough (>1600K) for CAI material to not yet have solidified. • Gritschneder et.al. 2011 hydro simulations show a massive star supernova (type II SN) within a Giant Molecu ...
Space - Logan Petlak
... • e. Compare the efficacy of various historical and contemporary models of planetary motion, including geocentric and heliocentric models, for explaining observed astronomical phenomena. • f. Describe and explain the role of experimentation, collecting evidence, finding relationships, proposing expl ...
... • e. Compare the efficacy of various historical and contemporary models of planetary motion, including geocentric and heliocentric models, for explaining observed astronomical phenomena. • f. Describe and explain the role of experimentation, collecting evidence, finding relationships, proposing expl ...
Comets - LWC Earth Science
... • Why is there an asteroid belt? • One theory suggests that they are the remains of a planet that was destroyed in a massive collision long ago. • More likely, asteroids are material that never coalesced into a planet. • In fact, if the estimated total mass of all asteroids was gathered into a singl ...
... • Why is there an asteroid belt? • One theory suggests that they are the remains of a planet that was destroyed in a massive collision long ago. • More likely, asteroids are material that never coalesced into a planet. • In fact, if the estimated total mass of all asteroids was gathered into a singl ...
Glossary (PDF file)
... Instead, they make images of planets as they pass by in space. They send the images back to Earth. Computers decode the images. gibbous A phase of the Moon between the full moon and a quarter moon, or between a quarter moon and new moon. A gibbous phase is not exactly half a circle and it is not exa ...
... Instead, they make images of planets as they pass by in space. They send the images back to Earth. Computers decode the images. gibbous A phase of the Moon between the full moon and a quarter moon, or between a quarter moon and new moon. A gibbous phase is not exactly half a circle and it is not exa ...
The atmospheres of different planets
... indicator of the history of differents planets. What we have seen is, that there are at least 5 major factors that contribute to the quality and quantity of planet’s atmospheres. • Mass: It determines the strength of the gravitational force of a planet. • Radius: It also influences the gravitational ...
... indicator of the history of differents planets. What we have seen is, that there are at least 5 major factors that contribute to the quality and quantity of planet’s atmospheres. • Mass: It determines the strength of the gravitational force of a planet. • Radius: It also influences the gravitational ...
Science In The Renaissance!
... believed that the earth was the center of the universe. • Most people agreed with this because it was common sense • It also followed the teachings of the church. • The discoveries of the 1500’s and 1600’s radically change the way the physical world is seen. ...
... believed that the earth was the center of the universe. • Most people agreed with this because it was common sense • It also followed the teachings of the church. • The discoveries of the 1500’s and 1600’s radically change the way the physical world is seen. ...
Ancient Astronomy
... – 2nd Law: The straight line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time. – 3rd Law: The squares of the periods of revolution of the planets are in direct proportion to the cubes of the semi-major axes of their orbits. • Galileo used a telescope to observe the Moon ...
... – 2nd Law: The straight line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time. – 3rd Law: The squares of the periods of revolution of the planets are in direct proportion to the cubes of the semi-major axes of their orbits. • Galileo used a telescope to observe the Moon ...
Lecture 12-13: Planetary atmospheres
... o Trace elements also present in CO2, CH4, N2, H2O, NH3. o If planet’s gravity not strong enough or surface temperature is too large, these elements escape, leaving planet without an atmosphere. o Solar wind can also drag material from the atmosphere. o Relevant for planets without significant m ...
... o Trace elements also present in CO2, CH4, N2, H2O, NH3. o If planet’s gravity not strong enough or surface temperature is too large, these elements escape, leaving planet without an atmosphere. o Solar wind can also drag material from the atmosphere. o Relevant for planets without significant m ...
10. Exoplanets
... • Close gravitational encounters between two massive planets can eject one planet while flinging the other into a highly elliptical orbit. • Multiple close encounters with smaller planetesimals can also cause inward migration. ...
... • Close gravitational encounters between two massive planets can eject one planet while flinging the other into a highly elliptical orbit. • Multiple close encounters with smaller planetesimals can also cause inward migration. ...
Name: Class: Date: Label the parts of the solar system. Complete
... – light year: this is the distance – astronomical unit (AU): this is the distance The solar system The solar system consists of: ...
... – light year: this is the distance – astronomical unit (AU): this is the distance The solar system The solar system consists of: ...
Looking for Signs of Life Answer Key
... uncertain that the spectrum of the star was taken without any planets in front of it (making it a sample of just the star, not the star plus one or more planets). 14. What combination of substances in a planet's atmosphere would suggest that the planet might be suitable for life? Choose all that app ...
... uncertain that the spectrum of the star was taken without any planets in front of it (making it a sample of just the star, not the star plus one or more planets). 14. What combination of substances in a planet's atmosphere would suggest that the planet might be suitable for life? Choose all that app ...
The Motions of the Planets
... • Newton is generally regarded as the greatest physicist ever • He wrote the book on optics and mechanics, and invented calculus • He knew all about Galileo's and Kepler's discoveries, and looked for the underlying physical laws that could make sense of these ...
... • Newton is generally regarded as the greatest physicist ever • He wrote the book on optics and mechanics, and invented calculus • He knew all about Galileo's and Kepler's discoveries, and looked for the underlying physical laws that could make sense of these ...
May 8, 2012 - Plummer Pumas Science
... The presence of liquid water at the surface of a planet appears to be one of the central characteristic that distinguishes whether or not a planet can harbor life. This requires that the planet be at a distance from the central star where the temperature is not too low to cause all water to freeze n ...
... The presence of liquid water at the surface of a planet appears to be one of the central characteristic that distinguishes whether or not a planet can harbor life. This requires that the planet be at a distance from the central star where the temperature is not too low to cause all water to freeze n ...
IAU definition of planet
The definition of planet set in Prague in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) states that, in the Solar System, a planet is a celestial body which: is in orbit around the Sun, has sufficient mass to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (a nearly round shape), and has ""cleared the neighborhood"" around its orbit.A non-satellite body fulfilling only the first two of these criteria is classified as a ""dwarf planet"". According to the IAU, ""planets and dwarf planets are two distinct classes of objects"". A non-satellite body fulfilling only the first criterion is termed a ""small Solar System body"" (SSSB). Initial drafts planned to include dwarf planets as a subcategory of planets, but because this could potentially have led to the addition of several dozens of planets into the Solar System, this draft was eventually dropped. The definition was a controversial one and has drawn both support and criticism from different astronomers, but has remained in use.According to this definition, there are eight planets in the Solar System. The definition distinguishes planets from smaller bodies and is not useful outside the Solar System, where smaller bodies cannot be found yet. Extrasolar planets, or exoplanets, are covered separately under a complementary 2003 draft guideline for the definition of planets, which distinguishes them from dwarf stars, which are larger.