Solutions3
... primary eclipse = -3.8 magnitudes, giving a flux ratio of Bp /Bo = 0.0302, while for the secondary eclipse it is -0.04 magnitudes, giving Bs /Bo = 0.964. Thus Bo − Bp = 0.9698Bo , Bo − Bs = 0.036Bo , and (Bo − Bp )/(Bo − Bs ) = 26.94. The fourth root of this is 2.28, which gives the temperature diff ...
... primary eclipse = -3.8 magnitudes, giving a flux ratio of Bp /Bo = 0.0302, while for the secondary eclipse it is -0.04 magnitudes, giving Bs /Bo = 0.964. Thus Bo − Bp = 0.9698Bo , Bo − Bs = 0.036Bo , and (Bo − Bp )/(Bo − Bs ) = 26.94. The fourth root of this is 2.28, which gives the temperature diff ...
17 The Deaths of Stars
... leaving stars of reduced mass called white dwarfs and remnants of expanding gases called planetary nebulae. High-mass stars die explosively as type II supernovae leaving cores of reduced mass, neutron stars or stellar black holes, and remnants of expanding gas and dust called a supernova remnants. ...
... leaving stars of reduced mass called white dwarfs and remnants of expanding gases called planetary nebulae. High-mass stars die explosively as type II supernovae leaving cores of reduced mass, neutron stars or stellar black holes, and remnants of expanding gas and dust called a supernova remnants. ...
Stars - MrCrabtreesScience
... • Pressure from the core balance pressure from above layers, particles don’t move. • Energy bounces around inside this layer for an average of 170,000 years. • 7-2,000,000 K ...
... • Pressure from the core balance pressure from above layers, particles don’t move. • Energy bounces around inside this layer for an average of 170,000 years. • 7-2,000,000 K ...
ASTR1010 – Lecture 2 - University of Colorado Boulder
... Traxoline is a new form of zionter. It is montilled in Ceristanna. The Ceristannians gristerlate large amounts of fevon and then bracter it to quasel traxoline. Traxoline may well be one of our most lukized snezlaus in the future because of our zionter lescelidge. Directions: Answer the following qu ...
... Traxoline is a new form of zionter. It is montilled in Ceristanna. The Ceristannians gristerlate large amounts of fevon and then bracter it to quasel traxoline. Traxoline may well be one of our most lukized snezlaus in the future because of our zionter lescelidge. Directions: Answer the following qu ...
Luminosity
... What does luminosity have to do with mass? The mass of a star determines the pressure in its core: Gravity pulls outer layers in, ...
... What does luminosity have to do with mass? The mass of a star determines the pressure in its core: Gravity pulls outer layers in, ...
Lecture 6 Recall: Geocentric Model of Solar System
... Heliocentric fixes the orbits • To get the right amount of retrograde motion, must fix sidereal period and orbit size for each planet. ...
... Heliocentric fixes the orbits • To get the right amount of retrograde motion, must fix sidereal period and orbit size for each planet. ...
Week 6
... The bright star in the top left corner of Orion, Betelgeuse, has a radius 936 times that of the Sun and a surface temperature of 3500 K. What is the luminosity of this star? If Betelgeuse is 640 ly from Earth, what is the brightness of the light from Betelgeuse that reaches Earth? ...
... The bright star in the top left corner of Orion, Betelgeuse, has a radius 936 times that of the Sun and a surface temperature of 3500 K. What is the luminosity of this star? If Betelgeuse is 640 ly from Earth, what is the brightness of the light from Betelgeuse that reaches Earth? ...
Lec 7 Copernicus I
... 2. Is the system ‘heliocentric’ if there is a ‘mean sun’ centre? 3. Is the Copernican system is ‘simpler’ or ‘more harmonious”? 4. Which system was more ‘accurate’? Accurate according to what criteria? “Whether these eccentrics really exist in the spheres of the planets no mortal knows, unless we ar ...
... 2. Is the system ‘heliocentric’ if there is a ‘mean sun’ centre? 3. Is the Copernican system is ‘simpler’ or ‘more harmonious”? 4. Which system was more ‘accurate’? Accurate according to what criteria? “Whether these eccentrics really exist in the spheres of the planets no mortal knows, unless we ar ...
Extreme Stars
... Only certain combinations of size and mass are stable Stars will shrink or expand to reach stability ...
... Only certain combinations of size and mass are stable Stars will shrink or expand to reach stability ...
A scenario of planet erosion by coronal radiation*
... dependence of the erosion line on mass, combined with the mass distribution observed in Fig. 2, confirms that FX is the main variable, with few massive planets surviving exposure to high radiation as discussed below. The distribution of density with mass displayed in Fig. 3 is also consistent with t ...
... dependence of the erosion line on mass, combined with the mass distribution observed in Fig. 2, confirms that FX is the main variable, with few massive planets surviving exposure to high radiation as discussed below. The distribution of density with mass displayed in Fig. 3 is also consistent with t ...
Origins: Where Are the Aliens?
... visible light. The two absorption lines just beyond 400 nanometers are caused by calcium in the Sun’s atmosphere.) Note to students that this graphic represents stellar absorption spectra (in which specific wavelengths of starlight have been absorbed by gases in the sun’s lower atmosphere or Earth’s ...
... visible light. The two absorption lines just beyond 400 nanometers are caused by calcium in the Sun’s atmosphere.) Note to students that this graphic represents stellar absorption spectra (in which specific wavelengths of starlight have been absorbed by gases in the sun’s lower atmosphere or Earth’s ...
G485 5.5.1 Structure of the Universe
... we have proof of the existence of planets outside our solar system, but given the immense number of stars in the universe, there should be little doubt about this anyway. ...
... we have proof of the existence of planets outside our solar system, but given the immense number of stars in the universe, there should be little doubt about this anyway. ...
AST 111 – Introduction to Astronomy
... c. is no longer used today. d. originated just after the telescope was invented. e. was devised by Galileo. 4. If we say that an object is 1,000 light-years away we see it a. as it looked 1,000 light-years ago. b. as it is right now, but it appears 1,000 times dimmer. c. as it looked 1,000 years ago ...
... c. is no longer used today. d. originated just after the telescope was invented. e. was devised by Galileo. 4. If we say that an object is 1,000 light-years away we see it a. as it looked 1,000 light-years ago. b. as it is right now, but it appears 1,000 times dimmer. c. as it looked 1,000 years ago ...
Lecture 9: Post-main sequence evolution of stars Lifespan on the
... • What remains is a white dwarf star, in the lower left portion of the H-R diagram. ...
... • What remains is a white dwarf star, in the lower left portion of the H-R diagram. ...
Brightness vs. Distance
... • Inside: No major issue when we’re using light bulbs….unless we’ve just burned something in the oven and the room’s full of smoke! • We can usually assume that the air acts pretty much like a vacuum with little absorption of light ...
... • Inside: No major issue when we’re using light bulbs….unless we’ve just burned something in the oven and the room’s full of smoke! • We can usually assume that the air acts pretty much like a vacuum with little absorption of light ...
1_Introduction
... Galaxies form because ordinary matter can cool down (by emitting photons) and fall to the center of dark halos. ...
... Galaxies form because ordinary matter can cool down (by emitting photons) and fall to the center of dark halos. ...
matthewchristianstarprodject
... remnant, created when a white dwarf becomes sufficiently cool to no longer emit significant heat or light. Since the time required for a white dwarf to reach this state is calculated to be longer than the current age of the universe of 13.7 billion years, no black dwarfs are expected to exist in t ...
... remnant, created when a white dwarf becomes sufficiently cool to no longer emit significant heat or light. Since the time required for a white dwarf to reach this state is calculated to be longer than the current age of the universe of 13.7 billion years, no black dwarfs are expected to exist in t ...
Week 10
... The stars Antares and Mimosa have about the same luminosity, but Mimosa is 8 times hotter than Antares. What is the ratio of the ...
... The stars Antares and Mimosa have about the same luminosity, but Mimosa is 8 times hotter than Antares. What is the ratio of the ...
Stars
... Many binaries are too far away to be resolved, but they can be discovered from periodic spectral line shifts. ...
... Many binaries are too far away to be resolved, but they can be discovered from periodic spectral line shifts. ...
Nebular theory
... Our theory about how the solar system formed is called the nebular theory. This activity will help you understand how we think the solar system formed. 1. Write your observations from the video that shows how the planets orbit the sun. Write at least 4 observations. Look for similarities, difference ...
... Our theory about how the solar system formed is called the nebular theory. This activity will help you understand how we think the solar system formed. 1. Write your observations from the video that shows how the planets orbit the sun. Write at least 4 observations. Look for similarities, difference ...
Return both exam and scantron sheet when you
... occupied by an electron and an empty higher energy level, the photon (a) will not be absorbed by the atom. (b) will be absorbed by the atom. 12. Stars S and U are equally bright but the distance of S is six times greater than the the luminosity of U distance of U. The luminosity of S is (a) 6 times ...
... occupied by an electron and an empty higher energy level, the photon (a) will not be absorbed by the atom. (b) will be absorbed by the atom. 12. Stars S and U are equally bright but the distance of S is six times greater than the the luminosity of U distance of U. The luminosity of S is (a) 6 times ...
Star and Galaxies Chapter 13
... • Core contracts, temperatures increase, outer core expands and cools and forms a late stage life cycle called a giant When temperatures reach 100 million degrees K, helium begins to fuse to form Carbon in giant’s core ...
... • Core contracts, temperatures increase, outer core expands and cools and forms a late stage life cycle called a giant When temperatures reach 100 million degrees K, helium begins to fuse to form Carbon in giant’s core ...
Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia. As the existence of life beyond Earth is unknown, planetary habitability is largely an extrapolation of conditions on Earth and the characteristics of the Sun and Solar System which appear favourable to life's flourishing—in particular those factors that have sustained complex, multicellular organisms and not just simpler, unicellular creatures. Research and theory in this regard is a component of planetary science and the emerging discipline of astrobiology.An absolute requirement for life is an energy source, and the notion of planetary habitability implies that many other geophysical, geochemical, and astrophysical criteria must be met before an astronomical body can support life. In its astrobiology roadmap, NASA has defined the principal habitability criteria as ""extended regions of liquid water, conditions favourable for the assembly of complex organic molecules, and energy sources to sustain metabolism.""In determining the habitability potential of a body, studies focus on its bulk composition, orbital properties, atmosphere, and potential chemical interactions. Stellar characteristics of importance include mass and luminosity, stable variability, and high metallicity. Rocky, terrestrial-type planets and moons with the potential for Earth-like chemistry are a primary focus of astrobiological research, although more speculative habitability theories occasionally examine alternative biochemistries and other types of astronomical bodies.The idea that planets beyond Earth might host life is an ancient one, though historically it was framed by philosophy as much as physical science. The late 20th century saw two breakthroughs in the field. The observation and robotic spacecraft exploration of other planets and moons within the Solar System has provided critical information on defining habitability criteria and allowed for substantial geophysical comparisons between the Earth and other bodies. The discovery of extrasolar planets, beginning in the early 1990s and accelerating thereafter, has provided further information for the study of possible extraterrestrial life. These findings confirm that the Sun is not unique among stars in hosting planets and expands the habitability research horizon beyond the Solar System.The chemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the Universe was only 10–17 million years old. According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the universe. Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the universe known to harbor life. Estimates of habitable zones around other stars, along with the discovery of hundreds of extrasolar planets and new insights into the extreme habitats here on Earth, suggest that there may be many more habitable places in the universe than considered possible until very recently. On 4 November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. 11 billion of these estimated planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists.