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The measure of Cosmological distances
The measure of Cosmological distances

... 1912: Vesto Slipher measures red shift of galaxies ...
Eclipse of the Sun 1 September 2016
Eclipse of the Sun 1 September 2016

... Is the central body around which the planets orbit ...
Mercury venus and jupiter in March 2014
Mercury venus and jupiter in March 2014

... Many a times we see Bright Venus in day light as well. But hardly we have seen Jupiter in day Light. But since last week we been observing Jupiter in a day light just before Sun Sets. Best time to locate those planets in day Light is when they are close to the Moon, so we can focus in that location ...
Lecture3
Lecture3

... Stars you see depends on your latitude. Some stars are always up: they are circumpolar. Constellations: Just random groupings of stars invented by humans. The celestial sphere is an imaginary sphere where we place stars on a two dimensional grid, similar to latitude and longitude on earth. ...
Planet Finding
Planet Finding

... spectrograph to study subtle oscillations in the light coming from the Sun and other stars. But Brown soon realized it could be used for planet hunting as well, and he began his search, just as others were launching similar quests. At that time, no planets in other solar systems had ever been detect ...
Search for Life in the Universe
Search for Life in the Universe

... • Indirect detection of effect on parent star – Extrasolar planets around main sequence stars discovered in 1995 – Planets around neutron stars discovered previously – Spectroscopy (>100 cases): detect Doppler shift of stellar motion around center of mass – Astrometry (1 case): detect angular motion ...
day04
day04

... • Edmond Halley predicted a comet would return in 1758 and every 76 years after that. (seen in 1910, 1986, and will return in 2061) Halley’s comet has an elliptical orbit extending out past Neptune. • William Herschel discovered Uranus in 1781 by accident. • After 50 years it was seen to deviate fro ...
A Absolute Magnitude A scale for measuring the actual
A Absolute Magnitude A scale for measuring the actual

... The theory that suggests that the universe was formed from a single point in space during a cataclysmic explosion about 13.7 billion years ago. This is the current accepted theory for the origin of the universe and is supported by measurements of background radiation and the observed expansion of sp ...
The Life of a Star
The Life of a Star

...  Stars that are some 3 or more times as massive as our Sun  Outer layers of the star swell into a red supergiant  The core begins to yield to gravity and starts to shrink  As it shrinks, it grows hotter and denser, and a new series of nuclear reactions, temporarily halting the collapse  The cor ...
Our Universe
Our Universe

... •Our Sun has around 5 Billion years remaining. It is predicted to only exist for 10 Billion total years. ...
Life Cycles of Stars
Life Cycles of Stars

... • Star expels outermost layers as Planetary Nebulae • Inert core left as white dwarf • Dwarf has such tiny surface area it takes billions of years to cool • Coolest (oldest?) known: 3900 K ...
Solar System 5 - Make Me Genius
Solar System 5 - Make Me Genius

... no seasons. There are about 60 moons known so far. More moons are being found all the time. Copyright of www.makemegenius.com, for more videos ,visit us. ...
PDF format
PDF format

... •  At midnight the day increases by one •  Crossing IDL westbound increases the day by one •  Two minutes later it is 12:01 am on September 14. ...
Astro 27 Solar System Formation and ExoPlanets Slide Show
Astro 27 Solar System Formation and ExoPlanets Slide Show

... So, the Doppler Shifts of the parent star would be tiny. Even mighty Jupiter is only 1/1000 the mass of the sun. It moves at a speed of 12.7 km/sec in its orbit, so the sun moves only 1/1000 of that, or 13 meters/sec So v/c is 4x10-8 or 40 billionths or 1 part in 25 million!! Wavelength shifts of on ...
Jumping on Another Planet!
Jumping on Another Planet!

... of matter that a body contains. It never varies despite the gravitational field in which it’s found. Even in zero gravity, mass is always present and is felt as inertia (resistance to change). Weight, on the other hand, measures the force exerted on a body placed within a given gravitational field. ...
What If Earth Became Tidally Locked?
What If Earth Became Tidally Locked?

ptolemy day 21 - Arts of Liberty
ptolemy day 21 - Arts of Liberty

... Jupiter, Saturn, can be any angular distance from the sun. This is the big distinction between inner and outer planets. (The cause of this, in truth, is clear. Our own orbit encompasses those of Venus and Mercury, while it is encompassed by those of Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. This is another sneak p ...
Searching For Planets Beyond Our Solar System - Cosmos
Searching For Planets Beyond Our Solar System - Cosmos

... Earth, this is done by plate tectonics, whereas much smaller planets would lack the internal heat necessary to sustain these motions. ...
RealOccult - Montgomery College
RealOccult - Montgomery College

26.9 news and views feature mx
26.9 news and views feature mx

The closest extrasolar planet: A giant planet around the M4 dwarf Gl
The closest extrasolar planet: A giant planet around the M4 dwarf Gl

... to zero for the final solution. Figure 1 shows the individual radial velocity measurements as a function of orbital phase (the 16 orbital periods elapsed since the first measurement make unpractical a display as a function of time; we however have essentially continuous coverage of one period in Jun ...
Space Exploration Review Notes
Space Exploration Review Notes

... elliptical orbit around our Sun that can be predicted. Comet tails only appear when they are near a sun. The hot, solar winds vapourize the ice and blow the tail in a direction that faces away from the sun (not trailing behind the comet as some people think). Comets have elliptical orbits with two f ...
Planets Which of the following lists the outer planets
Planets Which of the following lists the outer planets

... Venus‘ extremely high surface temperatures are due to A. The composition of its atmosphere. B. Volcanic activity. C. Its relative close proximity to the Sun. D. A recent impact that heated the planet. Of all the terrestrial planets, ______ has the highest surface barometric pressure. A. Mercury ...
EXAMPLE: Simple Curriculum Map
EXAMPLE: Simple Curriculum Map

... 6ES 1 Recognize, interpret, and be able to create models of the earth’s common physical features in various mapping representations including contour maps. 6ES 6 Describe and give examples of ways in which the earth’s surface is built up and torn down by natural processes including deposition of sed ...
The solar energetic balance and the dynamics of the radiative zone
The solar energetic balance and the dynamics of the radiative zone

... Asplund SSM (T= 15.5 106K) and Seismic model (T= 15.75 106K) T-C et al. 2001, Basu et al. 2009 Asplund SSM and L increased by 2.5% or 5% in the core ...
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Formation and evolution of the Solar System



The formation of the Solar System began 4.6 billion years ago with the gravitational collapse of a small part of a giant molecular cloud. Most of the collapsing mass collected in the center, forming the Sun, while the rest flattened into a protoplanetary disk out of which the planets, moons, asteroids, and other small Solar System bodies formed.This widely accepted model, known as the nebular hypothesis, was first developed in the 18th century by Emanuel Swedenborg, Immanuel Kant, and Pierre-Simon Laplace. Its subsequent development has interwoven a variety of scientific disciplines including astronomy, physics, geology, and planetary science. Since the dawn of the space age in the 1950s and the discovery of extrasolar planets in the 1990s, the model has been both challenged and refined to account for new observations.The Solar System has evolved considerably since its initial formation. Many moons have formed from circling discs of gas and dust around their parent planets, while other moons are thought to have formed independently and later been captured by their planets. Still others, such as the Moon, may be the result of giant collisions. Collisions between bodies have occurred continually up to the present day and have been central to the evolution of the Solar System. The positions of the planets often shifted due to gravitational interactions. This planetary migration is now thought to have been responsible for much of the Solar System's early evolution.In roughly 5 billion years, the Sun will cool and expand outward many times its current diameter (becoming a red giant), before casting off its outer layers as a planetary nebula and leaving behind a stellar remnant known as a white dwarf. In the far distant future, the gravity of passing stars will gradually reduce the Sun's retinue of planets. Some planets will be destroyed, others ejected into interstellar space. Ultimately, over the course of tens of billions of years, it is likely that the Sun will be left with none of the original bodies in orbit around it.
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