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k12concepts-april2015 - Great Lakes Planetarium Association
k12concepts-april2015 - Great Lakes Planetarium Association

... 3. Stars begin as rotating gas clouds that start to shine when their interior temperatures become hot enough for nuclear fusion. After long periods of stable life, stars end their lives in a manner that is dependent on their mass. 4. Galaxies are collections of billions of stars, gas, dust, and dark ...
Grade 5 CPSD Science Curriculum Guide
Grade 5 CPSD Science Curriculum Guide

... and night, and the seasonal appearance of some stars in the night sky. The Performance Expectations of this unit expect students to demonstrate grade-appropriate proficiency in supporting an argument that the gravitational force exerted by Earth on objects is directed down; Supporting an argument th ...
Ch. 15 Notes
Ch. 15 Notes

... • The existence of black holes was first proposed by Albert Einstein as a result of his Theory of General Relativity. He called them “dark stars”, but suggested these monsters could not possibly exist for real. • They have been observed due to the effect of their massive amounts of gravity on ...
EEn.1.1 Explain the Earth`s role as a body in space. EEn
EEn.1.1 Explain the Earth`s role as a body in space. EEn

isml1
isml1

... ionisation. Material is mostly molecular, dominant species is H2. Over 60 molecules detected, mostly via radio astronomy. Masses 1 – 500 solar masses, size ~ 1-5 pc Typically can form 1 or a couple of low-mass (solar mass) stars. ...
On disc driven inward migration of resonantly coupled planets with
On disc driven inward migration of resonantly coupled planets with

... larger than that required for a strict 2:1 commensurability without considering the history in detail as it is beyond the scope of this paper. However, we comment that this might have been complicated with the planet masses varying with time through mass accretion from the disc. Analytic methods, N ...
- hcstonline.org
- hcstonline.org

... and nuclear forces. As gravity governs its expansion, organizational patterns, and the movement of celestial bodies, nuclear forces within stars govern its evolution through the processes of stellar birth and death. These same processes governed the formation of our solar system 4.6 billion years ag ...
The Cosmic Perspective Other Planetary Systems: The New Science
The Cosmic Perspective Other Planetary Systems: The New Science

BAS Visit to the Norman Lockyer Observatory, October 2015
BAS Visit to the Norman Lockyer Observatory, October 2015

... belonging to the spectral type K0 III, Beta Ceti has left the main sequence stage of evolution and is on its way to becoming a red giant. With a surface temperature of 4,800 K, the star is slightly cooler than the Sun. Beta Ceti is sometimes known by its traditional names, Deneb Kaitos and Diphda.Al ...
ph709-14
ph709-14

... transits, is used as well. Infrared. The light from the star will swamp that of the planet by a factor of 109 in the optical, so it seems that concentrating upon the infrared region would have the best chance of success. In the infrared, the difference in the emission strength between a star and a p ...
Terrestrial Planets
Terrestrial Planets

... • Masses of the order of Jupiter mass • In the Solar System, NOT same composition as Sun • Presence of gas implies formation while gas was still prevelant ...
Define the following terms in the space provided
Define the following terms in the space provided

Internal Assessment Resource
Internal Assessment Resource

... Kuiper Belt, a region that stretches from the orbit of Neptune at 30 AU to 50 AU from the Sun. This has led to a reclassification of some celestial objects such as Pluto. What is a dwarf planet? In our Solar System, we have 8 planets. In order from the sun they are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars (the r ...
Presentation - The Stimulating Physics Network
Presentation - The Stimulating Physics Network

... Humans wouldn’t be able to live on a planet with very low gravity. Some people say that there are benefits of living with no gravity such as relief to back pain, poor circulation being improved in addition to with some surgeries becoming simpler to perform. This however, is not true as low gravity w ...
If you could, which moon would you visit? With
If you could, which moon would you visit? With

... the planet' in a retrograde, or "backward," orbit. This orbit suggests that;Triton may have been captured by Neptune's gravity. Triton has a very thin atmosphere made mostly of nitrogen gas. Triton's surface is mostly frozen nitrogen and methane. Voyager 2 images reveal that Triton is geologically a ...
Editorial Introduction: Planetary geosciences, the Dutch contribution
Editorial Introduction: Planetary geosciences, the Dutch contribution

Chapter 13 Problems
Chapter 13 Problems

... times that of the Sun (Fig. P13.24). The nose of the spacecraft points toward the black hole, and the distance between the nose and the center of the black hole is 10.0 km. (a) Determine the total force on the spacecraft. (b) What is the difference in the gravitational fields acting on the occupants ...
educator guide - In Saturn`s Rings
educator guide - In Saturn`s Rings

... ©2014 In Saturn's Rings Educator Guide. All rights reserved. WWW.INSATURNSRINGS.COM Note: This publication may be reproduced for classroom use only. Reproduction of these materials for commercial resale is strictly prohibited. ...
Jupiter and Saturn
Jupiter and Saturn

Outline2a
Outline2a

... is almost non-existent. There is nothing to stop gravity from condensing the cloud. The cloud will get smaller and increase in density. ...
Constraints on the Birth Aggregate of the Solar System
Constraints on the Birth Aggregate of the Solar System

... the binary orbit, the asymptotic incoming velocity vinf of the solar system with respect to the center of mass of the binary, the angles θ, ψ, and φ which describe the impact direction and orientation, and finally the impact parameter h of the collision. Additional (intrinsic) parameters are require ...
newsletter - Thanet Astronomy Group
newsletter - Thanet Astronomy Group

... 1919. It's task is to :- “Promote and safeguard the science of astronomy in all its aspects through international cooperation.” Resolution B5 (Definition of a Planet in the Solar System) States :A "dwarf planet" is a celestial body that (a) Is in orbit around the Sun. (b) Has sufficient mass for its ...
The Stellar Dynamo - Academic Program Pages
The Stellar Dynamo - Academic Program Pages

... others, began telescopic studies of sunspots. These records, as the German astronomer Samuel Heinrich Schwabe announced in 1843, displayed a prominent periodicity of roughly 10 years in the number of observed sunspot groups. By the 20th century George Ellery Hale of the Mount Wilson Observatory in C ...
The Main Points Asteroids
The Main Points Asteroids

... between Mars and Jupiter or in the Kuiper Belt beyond Neptune, but many exist in near-Earth space too ...
The Stellar Dynamo - Department of Atmospheric Sciences
The Stellar Dynamo - Department of Atmospheric Sciences

... others, began telescopic studies of sunspots. These records, as the German astronomer Samuel Heinrich Schwabe announced in 1843, displayed a prominent periodicity of roughly 10 years in the number of observed sunspot groups. By the 20th century George Ellery Hale of the Mount Wilson Observatory in C ...
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Formation and evolution of the Solar System



The formation of the Solar System began 4.6 billion years ago with the gravitational collapse of a small part of a giant molecular cloud. Most of the collapsing mass collected in the center, forming the Sun, while the rest flattened into a protoplanetary disk out of which the planets, moons, asteroids, and other small Solar System bodies formed.This widely accepted model, known as the nebular hypothesis, was first developed in the 18th century by Emanuel Swedenborg, Immanuel Kant, and Pierre-Simon Laplace. Its subsequent development has interwoven a variety of scientific disciplines including astronomy, physics, geology, and planetary science. Since the dawn of the space age in the 1950s and the discovery of extrasolar planets in the 1990s, the model has been both challenged and refined to account for new observations.The Solar System has evolved considerably since its initial formation. Many moons have formed from circling discs of gas and dust around their parent planets, while other moons are thought to have formed independently and later been captured by their planets. Still others, such as the Moon, may be the result of giant collisions. Collisions between bodies have occurred continually up to the present day and have been central to the evolution of the Solar System. The positions of the planets often shifted due to gravitational interactions. This planetary migration is now thought to have been responsible for much of the Solar System's early evolution.In roughly 5 billion years, the Sun will cool and expand outward many times its current diameter (becoming a red giant), before casting off its outer layers as a planetary nebula and leaving behind a stellar remnant known as a white dwarf. In the far distant future, the gravity of passing stars will gradually reduce the Sun's retinue of planets. Some planets will be destroyed, others ejected into interstellar space. Ultimately, over the course of tens of billions of years, it is likely that the Sun will be left with none of the original bodies in orbit around it.
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