The Swedish fiscal policy framework
... Since the economic crisis in the early 1990s Sweden has made a number of major institutional changes in monetary as well as fiscal policy. Monetary policy has been delegated to an independent central bank (the Riksbank) with the aim to achieve low, stable inflation, and thereby, a stable economic de ...
... Since the economic crisis in the early 1990s Sweden has made a number of major institutional changes in monetary as well as fiscal policy. Monetary policy has been delegated to an independent central bank (the Riksbank) with the aim to achieve low, stable inflation, and thereby, a stable economic de ...
© 2008 The Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. No
... boomers, however, retirement simply will not be a satisfying life path. Indeed, 84 percent of workers older than age 45 plan on continuing to work “even if they are set for life.” Boomers will remain taxpayers and part of the active economy far longer than most economists assume. It is likely that m ...
... boomers, however, retirement simply will not be a satisfying life path. Indeed, 84 percent of workers older than age 45 plan on continuing to work “even if they are set for life.” Boomers will remain taxpayers and part of the active economy far longer than most economists assume. It is likely that m ...
Office for Budget Responsibility: Economic and fiscal outlook Cm 9153
... The Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) was established in 2010 to provide independent and authoritative analysis of the UK’s public finances. In this Economic and fiscal outlook (EFO) we set out forecasts to 2020-21. We also assess whether the Government is on course to meet the medium-term fisc ...
... The Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) was established in 2010 to provide independent and authoritative analysis of the UK’s public finances. In this Economic and fiscal outlook (EFO) we set out forecasts to 2020-21. We also assess whether the Government is on course to meet the medium-term fisc ...
2014 DCIIA: Dedicated to Enhancing Retirement Security
... Easier for employers to pass nondiscrimination tests Allows employers with auto enrollment to avoid nondiscrimination tests altogether. ...
... Easier for employers to pass nondiscrimination tests Allows employers with auto enrollment to avoid nondiscrimination tests altogether. ...
Fiscal Rules and Discretion in a World Economy
... An optimal uncoordinated fiscal rule is a deficit limit such that, on average, the distortion above the limit is zero. Specifically, consider a government that, ex post, would like to borrow more than allowed by the imposed limit. If the government experienced a relatively low shock to the value of ...
... An optimal uncoordinated fiscal rule is a deficit limit such that, on average, the distortion above the limit is zero. Specifically, consider a government that, ex post, would like to borrow more than allowed by the imposed limit. If the government experienced a relatively low shock to the value of ...
Free Full text
... Most Directors agreed that Greece does not require further fiscal consolidation at this time, given the impressive adjustment to date which is expected to bring the mediumterm primary fiscal surplus to around 1½ percent of GDP, while some Directors favored a surplus of 3½ percent of GDP by 2018. How ...
... Most Directors agreed that Greece does not require further fiscal consolidation at this time, given the impressive adjustment to date which is expected to bring the mediumterm primary fiscal surplus to around 1½ percent of GDP, while some Directors favored a surplus of 3½ percent of GDP by 2018. How ...
Measuring the Change in Effectiveness of
... costs.”16 At Bank of America Corp., “call volume was roughly twice what was expected at call centers and via the Internet.”17 Although the announcement of QE1 was unexpected, the market quickly reacted, factoring the announcement into the price of assets, and resulting in significant declines in lon ...
... costs.”16 At Bank of America Corp., “call volume was roughly twice what was expected at call centers and via the Internet.”17 Although the announcement of QE1 was unexpected, the market quickly reacted, factoring the announcement into the price of assets, and resulting in significant declines in lon ...
B - UK Government Web Archive
... The Economic and Fiscal Strategy Report and the Financial Statement and Budget Report contain the Government’s assessment of the medium-term economic and budgetary position. They set out the Government’s tax and spending plans, including those for public investment, in the context of its overall app ...
... The Economic and Fiscal Strategy Report and the Financial Statement and Budget Report contain the Government’s assessment of the medium-term economic and budgetary position. They set out the Government’s tax and spending plans, including those for public investment, in the context of its overall app ...
Dr. V. Aditya Srinivas
... capital investment in India by 2015. about $22 bn is required for follow-up funding of 660 current PE-funded companies. Then, about 2,000 companies in the IT and IT-enabled services sectors, manufacturing, engineering, construction and healthcare are expected to attract close to $30 bn in new PE a ...
... capital investment in India by 2015. about $22 bn is required for follow-up funding of 660 current PE-funded companies. Then, about 2,000 companies in the IT and IT-enabled services sectors, manufacturing, engineering, construction and healthcare are expected to attract close to $30 bn in new PE a ...
The Security Economy
... are diminishing, the overall burden of crime on the economy appears to be huge. Recent attempts to quantify its cost at national level estimate it to be the equivalent of 20% of GDP in the United States and around 7% of GDP in the United Kingdom. The measure includes not only real costs in the form ...
... are diminishing, the overall burden of crime on the economy appears to be huge. Recent attempts to quantify its cost at national level estimate it to be the equivalent of 20% of GDP in the United States and around 7% of GDP in the United Kingdom. The measure includes not only real costs in the form ...
Does austerity pay off?
... factors such as the ability to raise taxes. The same level of debt may thus have very different implications for debt sustainability in different countries (Bi, 2012; Eberhardt and Presbitero, 2013). In contrast, the default premium of sovereigns provides a more comprehensive statistic, both because ...
... factors such as the ability to raise taxes. The same level of debt may thus have very different implications for debt sustainability in different countries (Bi, 2012; Eberhardt and Presbitero, 2013). In contrast, the default premium of sovereigns provides a more comprehensive statistic, both because ...
Medicaid and the Housing and Asset Decisions of the
... • Medically Needy – Higher income elderly can spend down income and assets on medical care ...
... • Medically Needy – Higher income elderly can spend down income and assets on medical care ...
Government Deficits and Debt - The Office of the Auditor General in
... After five years in a row of surpluses, the Province of Manitoba, similar to most provinces and impacted by the global recession, has incurred deficits since 2009/10. As a result of annual deficits and significant growth in borrowing in recent years, the Province of Manitoba's net debt has increased ...
... After five years in a row of surpluses, the Province of Manitoba, similar to most provinces and impacted by the global recession, has incurred deficits since 2009/10. As a result of annual deficits and significant growth in borrowing in recent years, the Province of Manitoba's net debt has increased ...
Reinvestment Behavior of Large Repatriating Firms
... spending data for a significant window of years around the AJCA tax holiday, and I further limit the sample to include only non-financial firms. This results in a set of 350 repatriating firms and 456 firms with PRE that did not choose to repatriate. The statistical technique I use is a difference-i ...
... spending data for a significant window of years around the AJCA tax holiday, and I further limit the sample to include only non-financial firms. This results in a set of 350 repatriating firms and 456 firms with PRE that did not choose to repatriate. The statistical technique I use is a difference-i ...
Budget Paper No.1: Budget Strategy and Outlook
... (a) Total is equal to the sum of amounts from 2016-17 to 2019-20. (b) Excludes net Future Fund earnings. ...
... (a) Total is equal to the sum of amounts from 2016-17 to 2019-20. (b) Excludes net Future Fund earnings. ...
Fiscal Monitor - Addressing Fiscal Challenges to Reduce Economic
... low-income countries. Many of them have so far managed to address social needs without damaging their fiscal positions, but a sustainable response will require better targeting of measures and a willingness to unwind them should global prices decline. More generally, long-standing fiscal challenges in ...
... low-income countries. Many of them have so far managed to address social needs without damaging their fiscal positions, but a sustainable response will require better targeting of measures and a willingness to unwind them should global prices decline. More generally, long-standing fiscal challenges in ...
Understanding the Fed
... are members of Congress. You did not vote for any of them. None of the three main branches of the US government (executive, legislative, or judicial) is involved in the setting of US monetary policy. The FOMC is part of a government body called the US Federal Reserve Bank, commonly known as the Fed. ...
... are members of Congress. You did not vote for any of them. None of the three main branches of the US government (executive, legislative, or judicial) is involved in the setting of US monetary policy. The FOMC is part of a government body called the US Federal Reserve Bank, commonly known as the Fed. ...
CF AT 2012_final reworked v.2
... Pension benefits are adjusted to consumer price inflation, the assessment bases are linked to the average insured wage, both with some small discretionary room for manoeuvre for the government. If pensions claims are below legally defined thresholds (€ 793 for singles, € 1.190 for couples in 2011), ...
... Pension benefits are adjusted to consumer price inflation, the assessment bases are linked to the average insured wage, both with some small discretionary room for manoeuvre for the government. If pensions claims are below legally defined thresholds (€ 793 for singles, € 1.190 for couples in 2011), ...
life expectancy - The King`s Fund
... Controlling health care spending is a problem that all industrialised countries face and one which the United Kingdom will, after a long period of relative underfunding, also have to grapple with. This is underlined by the experiences of higher spending countries which clearly have still not reached ...
... Controlling health care spending is a problem that all industrialised countries face and one which the United Kingdom will, after a long period of relative underfunding, also have to grapple with. This is underlined by the experiences of higher spending countries which clearly have still not reached ...
- TestbankU
... occur to capitalize on higher interest rates in foreign countries, which affects the supply and demand conditions in each market. As funds leave a country with low interest rates, this places upward pressure on that country’s interest rates. The international flow of funds caused this type of reacti ...
... occur to capitalize on higher interest rates in foreign countries, which affects the supply and demand conditions in each market. As funds leave a country with low interest rates, this places upward pressure on that country’s interest rates. The international flow of funds caused this type of reacti ...
A Long-run Macroeconomic Model of the Austrian Economy
... Tobin (1969) explains the rate of investment by the ratio of the market value of new additional investment goods to their replacement costs: the higher the ratio, the higher the rate of investment. This ratio is known as Tobin's marginal Q. Without resorting to optimisation, Tobin argued that, when ...
... Tobin (1969) explains the rate of investment by the ratio of the market value of new additional investment goods to their replacement costs: the higher the ratio, the higher the rate of investment. This ratio is known as Tobin's marginal Q. Without resorting to optimisation, Tobin argued that, when ...
federal housing finance agency`s single security initiative
... Single Security initiative. The resulting lower mortgage prices would lead to higher borrowing costs for homeowners unnecessarily, a situation we think FHFA should be determined to avoid. The primary challenges of the Single Security initiative are twofold. The first challenge is the inherent tensio ...
... Single Security initiative. The resulting lower mortgage prices would lead to higher borrowing costs for homeowners unnecessarily, a situation we think FHFA should be determined to avoid. The primary challenges of the Single Security initiative are twofold. The first challenge is the inherent tensio ...
Budget Paper No. 1 2015-16
... The outlook for the Australian economy remains positive. Historically low interest rates, a lower oil price and a lower exchange rate are all working together to support strengthening economic growth. Global economic conditions are also supporting growth in the Australian economy. The recovery in th ...
... The outlook for the Australian economy remains positive. Historically low interest rates, a lower oil price and a lower exchange rate are all working together to support strengthening economic growth. Global economic conditions are also supporting growth in the Australian economy. The recovery in th ...
The Budget Plan 2009
... The Government is responding to gaps in credit markets by providing up to $200 billion through the Extraordinary Financing Framework to improve access to financing for Canadian households and businesses, by: Committing an additional $50 billion to the Insured Mortgage Purchase Program, increasing ...
... The Government is responding to gaps in credit markets by providing up to $200 billion through the Extraordinary Financing Framework to improve access to financing for Canadian households and businesses, by: Committing an additional $50 billion to the Insured Mortgage Purchase Program, increasing ...
ALBANIA`S ECONOMIC REFORM PROGRAMME 2016-2018
... Financial Dialogue in May 2015. In addition, some of them are a continuation of the reform measures of ERP 2015, enriched with new reform priorities for the upcoming period. The ERP 2016-2018 presents 17 reform measures covering from further liberalization of the energy market to diversification of ...
... Financial Dialogue in May 2015. In addition, some of them are a continuation of the reform measures of ERP 2015, enriched with new reform priorities for the upcoming period. The ERP 2016-2018 presents 17 reform measures covering from further liberalization of the energy market to diversification of ...
Expenditures in the United States federal budget
The United States federal budget contains a number of expenditures, which include mandatory programs such as the Medicare and Social Security programs, military spending, and discretionary funding for Cabinet Departments (e.g., United States Department of Justice) and agencies (e.g., Securities & Exchange Commission).During FY2014, the federal government spent $3.504 trillion on a budget or cash basis, up $50 billion or 1% vs. FY2013 spending of $3.455 trillion. Major categories of FY 2014 spending included: Social Security ($845B or 24% of spending), Healthcare such as Medicare and Medicaid ($831B or 24%), Defense Department ($596B or 17%), non-defense discretionary spending used to run federal Departments and Agencies ($583B or 17%), other mandatory programs such as food stamps and unemployment compensation ($420B or 12%) and interest ($229B or 6.5%).Expenditures are classified as mandatory, with payments required by specific laws, or discretionary, with payment amounts renewed annually as part of the budget process. Expenditures averaged 20.4% GDP over the past 40 years, generally ranging +/-2% GDP from that level. The 2014 spend was 20.3% GDP, versus 2013 spend of 20.8% GDP and a recent 2009 peak of 24.4% GDP.CBO projects that spending for Social Security, Healthcare programs and interest costs will rise relative to GDP over the 2015-2025 period, while defense and other discretionary spending will decline relative to GDP.Over the past 40 years, mandatory spending for programs such as Medicare and Social Security has grown as a share of the budget and relative to GDP, while other discretionary categories have declined. Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security grew from 4.3% of GDP in 1971 to 10.1% of GDP in 2012.In the long-run, expenditures related to Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid are growing considerably faster than the economy overall as the population matures. The Congressional Budget Office estimates that Social Security spending will rise from 4.8% of GDP in 2009 to 6.2% of GDP by 2035, where it will stabilize. However, CBO expects Medicare and Medicaid to continue growing, rising from 5.3% GDP in 2009 to 10.0% in 2035 and 19.0% by 2082. CBO has indicated healthcare spending per beneficiary is the primary long-term fiscal challenge. Further, multiple government and private sources have indicated the overall expenditure path is unsustainable.