Demand, Money and Finance in the New Consensus
... The issues are rather: (i) what those foundations are (the NCM authors insist on a utility maximising foundation, coupled with an individual-based approach in which rms are merely representatives of their owners, households, maximising pro ts on their behalf ); (ii) what, if any, are the macroecono ...
... The issues are rather: (i) what those foundations are (the NCM authors insist on a utility maximising foundation, coupled with an individual-based approach in which rms are merely representatives of their owners, households, maximising pro ts on their behalf ); (ii) what, if any, are the macroecono ...
BINARY TREES AND HEAPS IN JAVA
... If we have a heap, and we add an element, we can perform an operation known as sift-up in order to restore the heap property. We can do this in O(log n) time, using a binary heap, by following this algorithm: (1) Add the element on the bottom level of the heap. (2) Compare the added element with its ...
... If we have a heap, and we add an element, we can perform an operation known as sift-up in order to restore the heap property. We can do this in O(log n) time, using a binary heap, by following this algorithm: (1) Add the element on the bottom level of the heap. (2) Compare the added element with its ...
Chap 07 :: Trees
... In computer science, a binary tree is a tree data structure in which each node has at most two children. Typically the first node is known as the parent and the child nodes are called left and right. The essential differences between a binary tree and a tree are: Ø A binary tree can be empty whereas ...
... In computer science, a binary tree is a tree data structure in which each node has at most two children. Typically the first node is known as the parent and the child nodes are called left and right. The essential differences between a binary tree and a tree are: Ø A binary tree can be empty whereas ...
External Memory Techniques for Isosurface Extraction in Scientific
... has a list of cells that are cubes or tetrahedra or of some other geometric type. Each cell is defined by its vertices, where each vertex is a 3D sample point x given in the list of tuples (x, F (x)). Given an isovalue (a scalar value) q, to extract the isosurface of q is to compute and display the ...
... has a list of cells that are cubes or tetrahedra or of some other geometric type. Each cell is defined by its vertices, where each vertex is a 3D sample point x given in the list of tuples (x, F (x)). Given an isovalue (a scalar value) q, to extract the isosurface of q is to compute and display the ...
Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management
... A. So long as a return series has any variability, the geometric mean return must be less than the arithmetic mean return. In the solution to Problem 2, we computed the geometric mean annual return as 6.7 percent. In general, the difference between the geometric and arithmetic means increases with t ...
... A. So long as a return series has any variability, the geometric mean return must be less than the arithmetic mean return. In the solution to Problem 2, we computed the geometric mean annual return as 6.7 percent. In general, the difference between the geometric and arithmetic means increases with t ...
Future Equity Patterns and Baby Boomer Retirements
... Section 2.3 shows how labor, i.e., the young population, and capital combine to produce goods via a standard Cobb-Douglas production function (Equation 1). Section 2.4 indicates the proportion of production (goods) which is consumed (consumption), relative to that which is set aside (saving) to use ...
... Section 2.3 shows how labor, i.e., the young population, and capital combine to produce goods via a standard Cobb-Douglas production function (Equation 1). Section 2.4 indicates the proportion of production (goods) which is consumed (consumption), relative to that which is set aside (saving) to use ...
Spatial Data Structures
... - Treats image as a collection of leaf nodes, each encoded by pair of numbers - First is base 4 number, sequence of directional codes that locates leaf from the root - Second depth at which node is found or size ...
... - Treats image as a collection of leaf nodes, each encoded by pair of numbers - First is base 4 number, sequence of directional codes that locates leaf from the root - Second depth at which node is found or size ...
Swaps - dedeklegacy.cz
... a swap can reduce the cost of preferred form of funding if a swap’s user has access to a cheaper form of an available but non-preferred cost of funding reasons for interest rate advantage - swap rates reflect standard market yields and are not adjusted to take account of variations in the creditwort ...
... a swap can reduce the cost of preferred form of funding if a swap’s user has access to a cheaper form of an available but non-preferred cost of funding reasons for interest rate advantage - swap rates reflect standard market yields and are not adjusted to take account of variations in the creditwort ...
INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC STUDIES Faculty of social sciences of
... a swap can enhance return on a preferred form of investment if a swap’s user has access to an asset whose yields is above prevailing market rates reasons for interest rate advantage - assets are illiquid or difficult to price and therefore have to pay abnormally higher yields in order to compensate ...
... a swap can enhance return on a preferred form of investment if a swap’s user has access to an asset whose yields is above prevailing market rates reasons for interest rate advantage - assets are illiquid or difficult to price and therefore have to pay abnormally higher yields in order to compensate ...
Linked Lists, Stacks, and Queues
... As mentioned earlier, so far we have been using an array to store a set of elements. Recall that an array is a sequence of consecutive memory cells. This requires that its length ` be specified at the time it is created, which creates two issues: It is not generally possible to increase the length ...
... As mentioned earlier, so far we have been using an array to store a set of elements. Recall that an array is a sequence of consecutive memory cells. This requires that its length ` be specified at the time it is created, which creates two issues: It is not generally possible to increase the length ...
Symbolic Data Structure for sets of k-uples of integers
... are k-uples over integers, we define Interval Sharing Tree (IST) [Gan02] which is a symbolic representation of sets of k-uples. ISTs are directed acyclic graphbased data structures, where nodes are labelled with intervals of integers. This symbolic data structure benefits from several advantages. Fi ...
... are k-uples over integers, we define Interval Sharing Tree (IST) [Gan02] which is a symbolic representation of sets of k-uples. ISTs are directed acyclic graphbased data structures, where nodes are labelled with intervals of integers. This symbolic data structure benefits from several advantages. Fi ...
How to Improve the Pruning Ability of Dynamic Metric Access Methods
... lower levels (i.e., in which of its descending subtree), the structure becomes static, because whenever a reference is changed, the objects that were stored in a given subtree should have to be moved to another subtree. Hence, in order to be dynamic, a MAM must either allow for more than one place t ...
... lower levels (i.e., in which of its descending subtree), the structure becomes static, because whenever a reference is changed, the objects that were stored in a given subtree should have to be moved to another subtree. Hence, in order to be dynamic, a MAM must either allow for more than one place t ...
Advantages of Shared Data Structures for Sequences of Balanced
... enclosed by (k, µ(k)); otherwise it was already considered in step . Finally, we have to check the interval I` for the solution k̂, because if k̂ lies in I` it does not necessarily follow that k̂ is a pioneer. This is due to the fact that there can be a pioneer in β(k̂) < `. We have shown the algor ...
... enclosed by (k, µ(k)); otherwise it was already considered in step . Finally, we have to check the interval I` for the solution k̂, because if k̂ lies in I` it does not necessarily follow that k̂ is a pioneer. This is due to the fact that there can be a pioneer in β(k̂) < `. We have shown the algor ...
Welcome to ECE 250 Algorithms and Data Structures
... Other operations on linked lists include: – Allocation and deallocating the memory requires Q(n) time – Concatenating two linked lists can be done in Q(1) • This requires a tail pointer ...
... Other operations on linked lists include: – Allocation and deallocating the memory requires Q(n) time – Concatenating two linked lists can be done in Q(1) • This requires a tail pointer ...
The Role of Lazy Evaluation in Amortized Data Structures
... standard operations in O(1) amortized time. This implementation is similar to, but simpler than, that presented in [17]. We represent a queue as a pair of lists hf, ri, where f is the front segment of the queue, and r is the rear segment of the queue in reverse order. Elements are enqueued at the he ...
... standard operations in O(1) amortized time. This implementation is similar to, but simpler than, that presented in [17]. We represent a queue as a pair of lists hf, ri, where f is the front segment of the queue, and r is the rear segment of the queue in reverse order. Elements are enqueued at the he ...
pdf 6-up
... – poll() must search the list – O(n) – peek() must search the list – O(n) • Maintain as ordered list – add() must search the list – O(n) – poll() wamted element at top – O(1) – peek() O(1) Can we do better? ...
... – poll() must search the list – O(n) – peek() must search the list – O(n) • Maintain as ordered list – add() must search the list – O(n) – poll() wamted element at top – O(1) – peek() O(1) Can we do better? ...
Lattice model (finance)
For other meanings, see lattice model (disambiguation)In finance, a lattice model [1] is a technique applied to the valuation of derivatives, where, because of path dependence in the payoff, 1) a discretized model is required and 2) Monte Carlo methods fail to account for optimal decisions to terminate the derivative by early exercise. For equity options, a typical example would be pricing an American option, where a decision as to option exercise is required at ""all"" times (any time) before and including maturity. A continuous model, on the other hand, such as Black Scholes, would only allow for the valuation of European options, where exercise is on the option's maturity date. For interest rate derivatives lattices are additionally useful in that they address many of the issues encountered with continuous models, such as pull to par.