The Chemistry of Living Systems
... Carbon forms Carbon has four electrons in its outer energy level, and therefore four ring and chain valence electrons. Carbon can share one or more electrons to make molecules covalent bonds with itself or as many as four other elements. Carbon molecules come in three basic forms: straight chains, b ...
... Carbon forms Carbon has four electrons in its outer energy level, and therefore four ring and chain valence electrons. Carbon can share one or more electrons to make molecules covalent bonds with itself or as many as four other elements. Carbon molecules come in three basic forms: straight chains, b ...
Antisense Oligonucleotides: Strategies and Applications
... backbone with a sulfur atom (Figure 2A). Called a phosphorothioate, this modification did achieve the goal of nuclease resistance as measured by an increased half-life for a phosphorothioated oligonucleotide of up to ten hours in human serum compared to about one hour for an unmodified oligonucleoti ...
... backbone with a sulfur atom (Figure 2A). Called a phosphorothioate, this modification did achieve the goal of nuclease resistance as measured by an increased half-life for a phosphorothioated oligonucleotide of up to ten hours in human serum compared to about one hour for an unmodified oligonucleoti ...
Analitical chemistry 1
... It is not a method for determining the concentration. If the chemical species (materials) are known the concentration of that species in the sample can be determined by quantitative analysis. A variety of tools are used for qualitative analysis such as spectroscopic methods are quick and simple ...
... It is not a method for determining the concentration. If the chemical species (materials) are known the concentration of that species in the sample can be determined by quantitative analysis. A variety of tools are used for qualitative analysis such as spectroscopic methods are quick and simple ...
Unit 2, Lesson 13: Polymers Polymers are very large organic
... One of the most useful achievements of modern chemistry has been the development of techniques for synthesizing polymers from non-biological sources such as petroleum derivatives. Many chemists say that, since 1909 when the first synthetic polymer plastics were produced, we have been living in the “ ...
... One of the most useful achievements of modern chemistry has been the development of techniques for synthesizing polymers from non-biological sources such as petroleum derivatives. Many chemists say that, since 1909 when the first synthetic polymer plastics were produced, we have been living in the “ ...
Yeast Transformation
... Plate the transformed cells on selective media lacking uracil 7. Remove 10 µL of the resuspended cells to 90 µL of sterile water in a microcentrifuge tube. This sample will be serially diluted for a spot plate (step 10) that you will use to calculate the transformation efficiency. 8. Plate the ...
... Plate the transformed cells on selective media lacking uracil 7. Remove 10 µL of the resuspended cells to 90 µL of sterile water in a microcentrifuge tube. This sample will be serially diluted for a spot plate (step 10) that you will use to calculate the transformation efficiency. 8. Plate the ...
B-cells
... • Y-shaped molecule • four polypeptide chains • many disulfide bridges • 2 light chains (short chains) • 2 heavy chains • *Bivalent: two antigen binding sites TB ...
... • Y-shaped molecule • four polypeptide chains • many disulfide bridges • 2 light chains (short chains) • 2 heavy chains • *Bivalent: two antigen binding sites TB ...
tnf-alpha stimulated activation of mmp
... gelatinase activity is dependent on a transient ERK-dependent increase in Egr-1 production, which was followed by an increase in the production of MT1-MMP. We confirmed that up-regulation of MT1MMP gene expression was mediated by ERK MAPK and Egr-1 transcriptional regulation of the MT1-MMP promoter ...
... gelatinase activity is dependent on a transient ERK-dependent increase in Egr-1 production, which was followed by an increase in the production of MT1-MMP. We confirmed that up-regulation of MT1MMP gene expression was mediated by ERK MAPK and Egr-1 transcriptional regulation of the MT1-MMP promoter ...
Lecture 15, Feb 26
... the shape of a sheet of paper folded back and forth; it is called the betasheet (or pleated sheet or beta pleated sheet) conformation. The polypeptide chain may fold back again to allow three (or more) regions of the polypeptide chain to align in a thicker pleated sheet conformation. Note the oxygen ...
... the shape of a sheet of paper folded back and forth; it is called the betasheet (or pleated sheet or beta pleated sheet) conformation. The polypeptide chain may fold back again to allow three (or more) regions of the polypeptide chain to align in a thicker pleated sheet conformation. Note the oxygen ...
Overview Encapsulation and Controlled Release of Active
... ANSTO has developed an expertise in ceramic nanoparticles for encapsulation and controlled release of active molecules, patenting the base technology in 2001. The size of the nanostructured particles can be tailored from 10 nanometres to 100 microns. The release rate can be independently controlled ...
... ANSTO has developed an expertise in ceramic nanoparticles for encapsulation and controlled release of active molecules, patenting the base technology in 2001. The size of the nanostructured particles can be tailored from 10 nanometres to 100 microns. The release rate can be independently controlled ...
Biology YLP 1415 - Revere Public Schools
... Approximately the end of Quarter II, Semester I (Suggestion: take two days for Semester Review; We usually three days of exams) ...
... Approximately the end of Quarter II, Semester I (Suggestion: take two days for Semester Review; We usually three days of exams) ...
Isolation and Purification of Total Genomic DNA from Gram
... The isolation and purification of DNA from cells is one of the most common procedures in contemporary molecular biology and embodies a transition from cell biology to the molecular biology; from in vivo to in vitro, as it were. DNA was first isolated as long ago as 1869 by Friedrich Miescher while h ...
... The isolation and purification of DNA from cells is one of the most common procedures in contemporary molecular biology and embodies a transition from cell biology to the molecular biology; from in vivo to in vitro, as it were. DNA was first isolated as long ago as 1869 by Friedrich Miescher while h ...
endocytosis and exocytosis of gold nanoparticles
... clathrin-mediated endocytosis, while nanoparticles smaller than 13 nm came mostly through phagocytosis [20]. Receptors internalized by nanoparticles via endocytosis can be recycled back to the membrane. Also they can be degraded in lysosomes and endosome so that new receptors to be produced and spre ...
... clathrin-mediated endocytosis, while nanoparticles smaller than 13 nm came mostly through phagocytosis [20]. Receptors internalized by nanoparticles via endocytosis can be recycled back to the membrane. Also they can be degraded in lysosomes and endosome so that new receptors to be produced and spre ...
Dedham Middle School MCAS Science Review Book
... that lead to reproductive isolation of those populations, consisting of numerous glucoses linked together. The animal equivalent of starch. One of the nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids, found in both DNA and RNA, guanine is one of the two purine bases. Guanine pairs with cytosine. in the body, the ...
... that lead to reproductive isolation of those populations, consisting of numerous glucoses linked together. The animal equivalent of starch. One of the nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids, found in both DNA and RNA, guanine is one of the two purine bases. Guanine pairs with cytosine. in the body, the ...
File
... The process of turning mRNA into a protein (ie. Translating the language of nitrogenous bases into the language of amino acids). Recall that mRNA is constructed in the nucleus through the process of transcription, and is sent out of the nucleus through a nuclear pore. Once mRNA enters the cyto ...
... The process of turning mRNA into a protein (ie. Translating the language of nitrogenous bases into the language of amino acids). Recall that mRNA is constructed in the nucleus through the process of transcription, and is sent out of the nucleus through a nuclear pore. Once mRNA enters the cyto ...
The Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Composition of the
... The results indicate that the carbohydrate side-chains of the neuraminidase contain only N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, mannose and fucose, that they are attached by N-acetylglucosamine-asparagine linkages, and that the molecular weights of the neuraminidase subunit and the intact molecule are abou ...
... The results indicate that the carbohydrate side-chains of the neuraminidase contain only N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, mannose and fucose, that they are attached by N-acetylglucosamine-asparagine linkages, and that the molecular weights of the neuraminidase subunit and the intact molecule are abou ...
Build-a-Bug - Wando High School
... double helix is used as a template by the RNA polymerase. During this step, mRNA migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. During this step, mRNA goes through different types of maturation including one called splicing, when the non-coding sequences are eliminated. The coding mRNA sequence can be ...
... double helix is used as a template by the RNA polymerase. During this step, mRNA migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. During this step, mRNA goes through different types of maturation including one called splicing, when the non-coding sequences are eliminated. The coding mRNA sequence can be ...
Build-a-Bug - Wando High School
... double helix is used as a template by the RNA polymerase. During this step, mRNA migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. During this step, mRNA goes through different types of maturation including one called splicing, when the non-coding sequences are eliminated. The coding mRNA sequence can be ...
... double helix is used as a template by the RNA polymerase. During this step, mRNA migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. During this step, mRNA goes through different types of maturation including one called splicing, when the non-coding sequences are eliminated. The coding mRNA sequence can be ...
Biol 115 DNA, the Thread of Life
... The amino acids specified by each mRNA codon. Multiple codons can code for the same amino acid. The codons are written 5' to 3', as they appear in the mRNA. AUG is an initiation codon; UAA, UAG, and UGA are termination (stop) codons. Biol115_2014_Lecture 7 ...
... The amino acids specified by each mRNA codon. Multiple codons can code for the same amino acid. The codons are written 5' to 3', as they appear in the mRNA. AUG is an initiation codon; UAA, UAG, and UGA are termination (stop) codons. Biol115_2014_Lecture 7 ...
Long Noncoding RNAs Add Another Layer to Pre
... (ncRNAs) can be arbitrarily divided into short ncRNAs, typically !20–200 nt in length, and long ncRNAs ranging from !200 nt to 100 kb (Mercer et al., 2009). Although much evidence on the importance of the different types of short ncRNAs in the regulation of gene expression has accumulated, the funct ...
... (ncRNAs) can be arbitrarily divided into short ncRNAs, typically !20–200 nt in length, and long ncRNAs ranging from !200 nt to 100 kb (Mercer et al., 2009). Although much evidence on the importance of the different types of short ncRNAs in the regulation of gene expression has accumulated, the funct ...
Biotechnology - University of Houston
... Animal Cloning Animal cloning has helped us rapidly incorporate improvements into livestock herds for more than two decades and has been an important tool for scientific researchers since the 1950s. ...
... Animal Cloning Animal cloning has helped us rapidly incorporate improvements into livestock herds for more than two decades and has been an important tool for scientific researchers since the 1950s. ...
College 1 - Xray and NMR
... 2. Mutations of AR/ER in such a way that the antagonist becomes an agonist and even increases AR activity. A key amino acid mutation and it’s consequence: W741 is mutated to L741. Tryptophan is a larger amino acid than leucine, which means the binding pocket becomes bigger and the antagonist can now ...
... 2. Mutations of AR/ER in such a way that the antagonist becomes an agonist and even increases AR activity. A key amino acid mutation and it’s consequence: W741 is mutated to L741. Tryptophan is a larger amino acid than leucine, which means the binding pocket becomes bigger and the antagonist can now ...
Promega Competent Cells
... 108cfu/µg and Subcloning Efficiency at greater than 107cfu/µg. JM109 cells (2) are an ideal host for many molecular biology applications. HB101 cells (3) are useful for cloning in vectors that do not require α-complementation for blue/white screening. The BMH 71-18 mut S strain is suitable for use i ...
... 108cfu/µg and Subcloning Efficiency at greater than 107cfu/µg. JM109 cells (2) are an ideal host for many molecular biology applications. HB101 cells (3) are useful for cloning in vectors that do not require α-complementation for blue/white screening. The BMH 71-18 mut S strain is suitable for use i ...
Neural Lineage Markers - Sigma
... and stable cell lines have been generated for research use, controversy about their origin reduces their availability and desirability. Adult stem cells are not pluripotent, and hurdles remain in isolating and culturing them, although they may present advantages in applications involving transplanta ...
... and stable cell lines have been generated for research use, controversy about their origin reduces their availability and desirability. Adult stem cells are not pluripotent, and hurdles remain in isolating and culturing them, although they may present advantages in applications involving transplanta ...
Protein Synthesis
... the polypeptide chain. • The two subunits of the ribosome will let go. They can be used again. • The polypeptide chain will begin to assume its 3-D conformation/shape. ...
... the polypeptide chain. • The two subunits of the ribosome will let go. They can be used again. • The polypeptide chain will begin to assume its 3-D conformation/shape. ...
投影片 1
... – Nucleocapsid = nucleic acid + protein – Virion = virus particle Capsid proteins are compactly folded proteins which: – Fold only one way, and robustly – Vary in size, generally 50-350 aa residues – Have identifiable domains – Can be described topologically; similar topological features do not impl ...
... – Nucleocapsid = nucleic acid + protein – Virion = virus particle Capsid proteins are compactly folded proteins which: – Fold only one way, and robustly – Vary in size, generally 50-350 aa residues – Have identifiable domains – Can be described topologically; similar topological features do not impl ...
Cell-penetrating peptide
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that facilitate cellular uptake of various molecular cargo (from nanosize particles to small chemical molecules and large fragments of DNA). The ""cargo"" is associated with the peptides either through chemical linkage via covalent bonds or through non-covalent interactions. The function of the CPPs are to deliver the cargo into cells, a process that commonly occurs through endocytosis with the cargo delivered to the endosomes of living mammalian cells.CPPs hold great potential as in vitro and in vivo delivery vectors for use in research and medicine. Current use is limited by a lack of cell specificity in CPP-mediated cargo delivery and insufficient understanding of the modes of their uptake.CPPs typically have an amino acid composition that either contains a high relative abundance of positively charged amino acids such as lysine or arginine or has sequences that contain an alternating pattern of polar/charged amino acids and non-polar, hydrophobic amino acids. These two types of structures are referred to as polycationic or amphipathic, respectively. A third class of CPPs are the hydrophobic peptides, containing only apolar residues, with low net chargeor have hydrophobic amino acid groups that are crucial for cellular uptake.The first CPP was discovered independently by two laboratories in 1988, when it was found that the trans-activating transcriptional activator (TAT) from human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) could be efficiently taken up from the surrounding media by numerous cell types in culture. Since then, the number of known CPPs has expanded considerably and small molecule synthetic analogues with more effective protein transduction properties have been generated.