Human Genome Project
... No apparent direct biological function. Long stretches of repeated sequence. Hot area of investigation. Human genome has far more repeat DNA than any other sequenced organism (over half). • Parasitic elements–45% of this repeat DNA is from selfish, parasitic DNA: – Transposable elements. – May play ...
... No apparent direct biological function. Long stretches of repeated sequence. Hot area of investigation. Human genome has far more repeat DNA than any other sequenced organism (over half). • Parasitic elements–45% of this repeat DNA is from selfish, parasitic DNA: – Transposable elements. – May play ...
II. Lecture Section 2 CELL SPECIALIZATION: Regulation of
... 2. Self- and regulated- assembly of large structures 3. Modularity of structure is common: Protein domains and families b. The sequence and chemistry of amino acid side chains gives the protein its shape and the shape gives the protein its function 1. Basic protein characteristic, such as binding se ...
... 2. Self- and regulated- assembly of large structures 3. Modularity of structure is common: Protein domains and families b. The sequence and chemistry of amino acid side chains gives the protein its shape and the shape gives the protein its function 1. Basic protein characteristic, such as binding se ...
Document
... Probably not. The sidechain of arginine is positively charged at physiological pH’s and is thus most likely to interact ionically with negatively charged molecules, such as phosphates of the RNA backbone. The backbone does not have any sequence specific information, and thus is unlikely to be used t ...
... Probably not. The sidechain of arginine is positively charged at physiological pH’s and is thus most likely to interact ionically with negatively charged molecules, such as phosphates of the RNA backbone. The backbone does not have any sequence specific information, and thus is unlikely to be used t ...
Ch 15 Help - Practice Regents Answer Key
... the allergens. By crossing those varieties with popular commercial types, they hope to produce peanuts that will be less likely to cause allergic reactions and still taste good. So far, they have found one variety that has 80 percent less of one of three complex proteins linked to allergic reactions ...
... the allergens. By crossing those varieties with popular commercial types, they hope to produce peanuts that will be less likely to cause allergic reactions and still taste good. So far, they have found one variety that has 80 percent less of one of three complex proteins linked to allergic reactions ...
Genetics 2
... enzymes. This is the purpose of the technique known as Gel Electrophoresis. One of the easiest ways to separate two different molecules in a mixture is to separate them based on their size. To separate pieces of DNA of different sizes we use a process known as Gel Electrophoresis (Aelectric@ Asepara ...
... enzymes. This is the purpose of the technique known as Gel Electrophoresis. One of the easiest ways to separate two different molecules in a mixture is to separate them based on their size. To separate pieces of DNA of different sizes we use a process known as Gel Electrophoresis (Aelectric@ Asepara ...
Measuring Gene Expression
... Understanding cellular processes is complicated by our inability to follow the synthesis and degradation processes in single cells - so we are actually seeing the average over many cells which may be at somewhat different stages. ...
... Understanding cellular processes is complicated by our inability to follow the synthesis and degradation processes in single cells - so we are actually seeing the average over many cells which may be at somewhat different stages. ...
Evolution Study Guide
... Artificial selection Natural selection Genetic Drift Bottleneck theory Stabilizing, directional, disruptive selection Punctuated equilibrium Genetic equilibrium E. Recognize the role of evolution to biological resistance(pesticide and antibiotics) (Review) Explain why micro-evolution is easily wit ...
... Artificial selection Natural selection Genetic Drift Bottleneck theory Stabilizing, directional, disruptive selection Punctuated equilibrium Genetic equilibrium E. Recognize the role of evolution to biological resistance(pesticide and antibiotics) (Review) Explain why micro-evolution is easily wit ...
Gene to Protein
... and 40% protein 4. the rRNA is transcribed in the nuclear region known as the nucleolous 5. literally thousands of ribosomes in a cell, rRNA is by far the most common RNA possessed by a cell 6. the ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus from rRNA and proteins imported from the cytoplasm 7. the com ...
... and 40% protein 4. the rRNA is transcribed in the nuclear region known as the nucleolous 5. literally thousands of ribosomes in a cell, rRNA is by far the most common RNA possessed by a cell 6. the ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus from rRNA and proteins imported from the cytoplasm 7. the com ...
here - IMSS Biology 2014
... special structures called transfer RNAS (tRNAs). The Chef Analogy. A good analogy for teaching your students about transcription and translation is the chef analogy. This metaphor, used by Nova Science Now to describe the action of RNAi (Krock 2005), describes the genome as a recipe book locked in a ...
... special structures called transfer RNAS (tRNAs). The Chef Analogy. A good analogy for teaching your students about transcription and translation is the chef analogy. This metaphor, used by Nova Science Now to describe the action of RNAi (Krock 2005), describes the genome as a recipe book locked in a ...
Cell Division and Mitosis Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis DNA
... sperm join. This event is called fertilization, and the cell that forms is called the zygote. ...
... sperm join. This event is called fertilization, and the cell that forms is called the zygote. ...
SUNY-ESF Web
... Beta galactosidase-enzyme encoded by the lacZ gene responsible for the enzymatic cleavage of lactose disaccharide to glucose and galactose. When lactose is present in high concentrations, will form 1,6-allolactose, the inducer that binds to the lac repressor protein.. IPTGisopropylthiogalactoside-an ...
... Beta galactosidase-enzyme encoded by the lacZ gene responsible for the enzymatic cleavage of lactose disaccharide to glucose and galactose. When lactose is present in high concentrations, will form 1,6-allolactose, the inducer that binds to the lac repressor protein.. IPTGisopropylthiogalactoside-an ...
Document
... I can investigate for the presence of monosaccharides, starches, and proteins in foods by identifying positive colorimetric reactions with indicator tests. 1. Distinguish the indicators used to identify monosaccharides, starches, and proteins 2. Explain the colors present in a positive test for each ...
... I can investigate for the presence of monosaccharides, starches, and proteins in foods by identifying positive colorimetric reactions with indicator tests. 1. Distinguish the indicators used to identify monosaccharides, starches, and proteins 2. Explain the colors present in a positive test for each ...
Big Idea 3: Living systems store, retrieve, transmit, and respond to
... vi. The process continures along the mRNA until a “stop” codon is reached. vii. The process terminates by relase of the newly synthesized polypeptide. ...
... vi. The process continures along the mRNA until a “stop” codon is reached. vii. The process terminates by relase of the newly synthesized polypeptide. ...
Notes
... Packing: The tight packaging around the histones can only be achieved because the histones shield the negative phosphates from each other. Otherwise the DNA would repel itself and could not bend. The tight packing can make the DNA more inaccessible to transcription. Transcription factors which need ...
... Packing: The tight packaging around the histones can only be achieved because the histones shield the negative phosphates from each other. Otherwise the DNA would repel itself and could not bend. The tight packing can make the DNA more inaccessible to transcription. Transcription factors which need ...
01 - Fort Bend ISD
... 6. How does identification through DNA fingerprinting depend on probability? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 7. The chance that two people h ...
... 6. How does identification through DNA fingerprinting depend on probability? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 7. The chance that two people h ...
CHAPTER 14: DNA: THE GENETIC MATERIAL
... c. Lagging strand loops around, complexes with other half of dimer d. Formation of complementary sequences on both strands at same time 5. Removing the primer a. DNA polymerase I removes RNA primer b. Fills in gap and gaps between Okazaki fragments 6. Joining the Okazaki fragments a. Gaps between Ok ...
... c. Lagging strand loops around, complexes with other half of dimer d. Formation of complementary sequences on both strands at same time 5. Removing the primer a. DNA polymerase I removes RNA primer b. Fills in gap and gaps between Okazaki fragments 6. Joining the Okazaki fragments a. Gaps between Ok ...
no sigma falls off after initiation
... Which statement regarding the differences between procaryotic and eucaryotic molecular biology is FALSE? A. ...
... Which statement regarding the differences between procaryotic and eucaryotic molecular biology is FALSE? A. ...
Transcription
... Types of RNA polymerase There are three different types of RNA polymerase in eukaryotic cells (bacteria have only one): RNA pol I - transcribes the genes that encode most of the ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) RNA pol II - transcribes the messenger RNAs RNA pol III - transcribes the genes transfer RNAs, one ...
... Types of RNA polymerase There are three different types of RNA polymerase in eukaryotic cells (bacteria have only one): RNA pol I - transcribes the genes that encode most of the ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) RNA pol II - transcribes the messenger RNAs RNA pol III - transcribes the genes transfer RNAs, one ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.