![Great Discoveries in Science: The Double Helix [JUDSON:] In the](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/002738145_1-0c9d37952d304a3f9a33f852da322160-300x300.png)
Great Discoveries in Science: The Double Helix [JUDSON:] In the
... where I had a big and a small molecule, and, uh, so how did you do it? Somehow you had to form link bonds. So, here's an A and here's T, and I wanted this hydrogen to point directly at this nitrogen, so I had something like this. Oh! So then I went to the other pair and I wanted this nitrogen to poi ...
... where I had a big and a small molecule, and, uh, so how did you do it? Somehow you had to form link bonds. So, here's an A and here's T, and I wanted this hydrogen to point directly at this nitrogen, so I had something like this. Oh! So then I went to the other pair and I wanted this nitrogen to poi ...
Chapter 14 Overview: The Flow of Genetic Information
... During translation, the sequence of codons along an mRNA molecule is translated into a sequence of amino acids making up the polypeptide chain. During translation, the codons are read in the 5’ 3’ direction along the mRNA. Each codon specifies which one of the 20 amino acids will be incorporated ...
... During translation, the sequence of codons along an mRNA molecule is translated into a sequence of amino acids making up the polypeptide chain. During translation, the codons are read in the 5’ 3’ direction along the mRNA. Each codon specifies which one of the 20 amino acids will be incorporated ...
Lecture 5: The Chemistry of Life III
... • Cellulose in human food passes through the digestive tract as insoluble fiber • Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose • Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with these microbes ...
... • Cellulose in human food passes through the digestive tract as insoluble fiber • Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose • Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with these microbes ...
Biosynthesis of Essential Amino Acids
... Written by Harold B. White 1. It has been shown in many instances that enzymes catalyzing chemically similar reactions (e.g. malate and lactate dehydrogenases) have amazingly similar tertiary structures which suggests they evolved from a common ancestral protein. Likewise, chemical similarity in seq ...
... Written by Harold B. White 1. It has been shown in many instances that enzymes catalyzing chemically similar reactions (e.g. malate and lactate dehydrogenases) have amazingly similar tertiary structures which suggests they evolved from a common ancestral protein. Likewise, chemical similarity in seq ...
13lctout - Evergreen Archives
... which has genes that are very similar in structure to eukaryotic genes, and are thought to be derived from them. 1. The researchers purified adenovirus DNA and adenovirus mRNA. 2. They mixed together adenovirus mRNA and DNA and heated them to denature the DNA. 3. Then they incubated the mixture unde ...
... which has genes that are very similar in structure to eukaryotic genes, and are thought to be derived from them. 1. The researchers purified adenovirus DNA and adenovirus mRNA. 2. They mixed together adenovirus mRNA and DNA and heated them to denature the DNA. 3. Then they incubated the mixture unde ...
Molecular Techniques in Radiobiology Introduction The structure of
... • RNA – ribonucleic acid, has ribose sugar molecule instead of deoxyribose • In the cell RNA is usually single-stranded, while DNA is usually double-stranded • RNA has the base uracil rather than thymine that is present in DNA • RNA has a much shorter chain of nucleotides • Unlike DNA, which is loca ...
... • RNA – ribonucleic acid, has ribose sugar molecule instead of deoxyribose • In the cell RNA is usually single-stranded, while DNA is usually double-stranded • RNA has the base uracil rather than thymine that is present in DNA • RNA has a much shorter chain of nucleotides • Unlike DNA, which is loca ...
Enzymes
... A-Hydrolases - these include esterases, carbohydrases, nucleases, deaminases, amidases, and proteases B-Hydrases such as fumarase, enolase, aconitase and carbonic anhydrase 2- Transfer of electrons A-Oxidases B-Dehydrogenases 3- Transfer of a radical A-Transglycosidases - of monosaccharides B-Transp ...
... A-Hydrolases - these include esterases, carbohydrases, nucleases, deaminases, amidases, and proteases B-Hydrases such as fumarase, enolase, aconitase and carbonic anhydrase 2- Transfer of electrons A-Oxidases B-Dehydrogenases 3- Transfer of a radical A-Transglycosidases - of monosaccharides B-Transp ...
Microbial Genetics
... • In this process, any of the genes from the donor chromosome may be transferred to the recipient. • Random generalized transduction can be mediated by either virulent phages or certain temperate phages during their lytic stage. The virus must break down the host chromosome into fragments as part of ...
... • In this process, any of the genes from the donor chromosome may be transferred to the recipient. • Random generalized transduction can be mediated by either virulent phages or certain temperate phages during their lytic stage. The virus must break down the host chromosome into fragments as part of ...
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... 17. Humans first applied genetics to the domestication of plants (wheat, peas, etc.) and animals (dogs, goats, etc.) between approximately 10,000 and 12,000 years ago. (T) ...
... 17. Humans first applied genetics to the domestication of plants (wheat, peas, etc.) and animals (dogs, goats, etc.) between approximately 10,000 and 12,000 years ago. (T) ...
Genetics-Essentials-Concepts-and-Connections
... 17. Humans first applied genetics to the domestication of plants (wheat, peas, etc.) and animals (dogs, goats, etc.) between approximately 10,000 and 12,000 years ago. (T) ...
... 17. Humans first applied genetics to the domestication of plants (wheat, peas, etc.) and animals (dogs, goats, etc.) between approximately 10,000 and 12,000 years ago. (T) ...
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... At first sight, it does not appear that DNA can lead to interesting structures. Naturally occurring DNA forms a linear chain, like a long piece of twine, so that all one can envision making from it is lines or circles, perhaps snarled up or knotted in one way or another. But a linear chain is not the ...
... At first sight, it does not appear that DNA can lead to interesting structures. Naturally occurring DNA forms a linear chain, like a long piece of twine, so that all one can envision making from it is lines or circles, perhaps snarled up or knotted in one way or another. But a linear chain is not the ...
Anatomy & Physiology
... glucose, fructose, and galactose Disaccharides are made up of two sugar units. Ex) lactose and maltose Polysaccarhides- chains of monosaccharides forming a polymer. ...
... glucose, fructose, and galactose Disaccharides are made up of two sugar units. Ex) lactose and maltose Polysaccarhides- chains of monosaccharides forming a polymer. ...
Chapter 17: Microbial taxonomy
... because procaryotes are asexual. A prokaryotic species is collection of strains that share many stable properties and differ significantly from other groups of strains. Also suggested as a definition of species as a collection of organisms that share the same sequences in their core housekeeping ...
... because procaryotes are asexual. A prokaryotic species is collection of strains that share many stable properties and differ significantly from other groups of strains. Also suggested as a definition of species as a collection of organisms that share the same sequences in their core housekeeping ...
rev4 - Adams State University
... 2. Amino acids are the monomer units of proteins. Know their structure. If presented with an amino acid, be able to tell what classification it should follow: hydrophobic, polar-uncharged, acidic, or basic. All but glycine are chiral and L. 3. Amino acids are affected by pH. Be able to draw amino ac ...
... 2. Amino acids are the monomer units of proteins. Know their structure. If presented with an amino acid, be able to tell what classification it should follow: hydrophobic, polar-uncharged, acidic, or basic. All but glycine are chiral and L. 3. Amino acids are affected by pH. Be able to draw amino ac ...
Quick Look - Strategies for Attaching Oligonucleotides to Solid
... general, the oligo is treated with a reducing agent (like DTT) and this agent is fully removed prior to coupling. Please refer to the full length technical report for specific protocols for this treatment. Cross-linkers used for attachment of thiol-modified oligos: The cross-linkers used to attach t ...
... general, the oligo is treated with a reducing agent (like DTT) and this agent is fully removed prior to coupling. Please refer to the full length technical report for specific protocols for this treatment. Cross-linkers used for attachment of thiol-modified oligos: The cross-linkers used to attach t ...
Protein Synthesis
... For instance, sickle cell anemia results from a single substitution point mutation The change of one nitrogen base leads to a different amino acid, causing the range of problems faced by a person with sickle cell anemia ...
... For instance, sickle cell anemia results from a single substitution point mutation The change of one nitrogen base leads to a different amino acid, causing the range of problems faced by a person with sickle cell anemia ...
Promega Notes: Separate Isolation of Genomic DNA and Total RNA
... protocol outlined in Figure 1, and aliquots were tested by PTT analysis (3, 5-7). In PTT, mRNA or exons from genomic DNA corresponding to the gene of interest are amplified using a primer pair designed to introduce a T7 promoter and start codon upstream (5´) of the coding region. The resulting ampli ...
... protocol outlined in Figure 1, and aliquots were tested by PTT analysis (3, 5-7). In PTT, mRNA or exons from genomic DNA corresponding to the gene of interest are amplified using a primer pair designed to introduce a T7 promoter and start codon upstream (5´) of the coding region. The resulting ampli ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.