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Chapter 5-13. Monte Carlo Simulation andBootstrapping
Chapter 5-13. Monte Carlo Simulation andBootstrapping

... Chapter 5-13 (revision 16 May 2010) ...
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... grees or amounts of interactions into pairwise, triplewise, and higher order interactions. To this end, we study a family of joint probability distributions of variables which have at most -way interactions but no higher interactions. Two dual types of projections, namely, the -projection and -proje ...
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... Find the P-value for the indicated hypothesis test. 7) A manufacturer claims that fewer than 6% of its fax machines are defective. In a random sample of 97 such fax machines, 5% are defective. Find the P-value for a test of the manufacturer's claim. A) 0.3409 B) 0.1736 C) 0.3264 D) 0.1591 Formulate ...
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... Power is the probability that a study will reject the null hypothesis. The estimated probability is a function of sample size, variability, level of significance, and the difference between the null and alternative hypotheses. Similarly, the sample size required to ensure a pre-specified power for a ...
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... Even if a student tries to follow the book's procedures exactly, numerous errors (both conceptual and technical) are often made along the way. It would be unreasonable to expect otherwise--the subject of statistics is too full of challenging ideas that are new to the student. You can be sure that th ...
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chapter 8

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JOHN S. LOUCKS Chapter 9, Part A Hypothesis Tests Developing

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Foundations of statistics

Foundations of statistics is the usual name for the epistemological debate in statistics over how one should conduct inductive inference from data. Among the issues considered in statistical inference are the question of Bayesian inference versus frequentist inference, the distinction between Fisher's ""significance testing"" and Neyman-Pearson ""hypothesis testing"", and whether the likelihood principle should be followed. Some of these issues have been debated for up to 200 years without resolution.Bandyopadhyay & Forster describe four statistical paradigms: ""(1) classical statistics or error statistics, (ii) Bayesian statistics, (iii) likelihood-based statistics, and (iv) the Akaikean-Information Criterion-based statistics"".Savage's text Foundations of Statistics has been cited over 10000 times on Google Scholar. It tells the following.It is unanimously agreed that statistics depends somehow on probability. But, as to what probability is and how it is connected with statistics, there has seldom been such complete disagreement and breakdown of communication since the Tower of Babel. Doubtless, much of the disagreement is merely terminological and would disappear under sufficiently sharp analysis.
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