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... nature of allosteric effects and then select one example from the following list and describe how allosteric effects control its function. Your answer should include a description or structure of the allosteric activator or inhibitor. (8 pts) 1. Hemoglobin 2. PFK 3. lac repressor ...
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A Bayesian network model for protein fold and remote homologue
A Bayesian network model for protein fold and remote homologue

... alignment is interpreted as a pseudo ‘free energy’ of the sequence in the conformation imposed by the structural template, and the assumption made is that the most probable sequence-to-structure alignment is the one with the lowest ‘free energy’. However, as Bienkowska et al. (2000) have pointed out ...
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Evolvement of LEM proteins as chromatin tethers at the nuclear

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Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Reporters of Histone
Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Reporters of Histone

... reporters that can be used in single, living cells to track histone methylation with high spatial and temporal resolution. The general reporter design is shown in Figure 1a. A peptide substrate corresponding to the methylation site of interest within histone protein H2A, H2B, H3, or H4 is joined via ...
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Nuclear and nucleolar targeting of human ribosomal protein
Nuclear and nucleolar targeting of human ribosomal protein

... di€use intracellular distribution pattern was observed with transient expression and immuno¯uorescence analysis of the mutant plasmid, entitled pcFLNOQm2DINS. These ®ndings indicate a NOS within residues 1 ± 41 of RPS25. In order to further examine the ability of the amino terminal 41 residues to fu ...
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Proteolysis



Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.
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