3 Viet Nam
... The most important festival of the year is Tet, a week-long event in late January or early February that heralds the new lunar year and the advent of spring. Celebration consists of both raucous festivity (fireworks, drums, gongs) and quiet meditation. In addition to Tet, there are about twenty oth ...
... The most important festival of the year is Tet, a week-long event in late January or early February that heralds the new lunar year and the advent of spring. Celebration consists of both raucous festivity (fireworks, drums, gongs) and quiet meditation. In addition to Tet, there are about twenty oth ...
Document
... Tax revenues amount at EUR 675,80 million, being lower by 9,44 % against the planned ones. The lower collection of the corporate profit tax was generated due to lower profits of the legal entities in 2009, and due to the amendments to the legislation related to the abolition of the corporate profit ...
... Tax revenues amount at EUR 675,80 million, being lower by 9,44 % against the planned ones. The lower collection of the corporate profit tax was generated due to lower profits of the legal entities in 2009, and due to the amendments to the legislation related to the abolition of the corporate profit ...
Document
... every amount of labor. Thus, individuals require a $1 rise in their wages to supply any amount of labor, and the supply curve shifts upward. With labor demand unchanged, the new equilibrium wage is $5.65. In this case, the tax is borne equally by workers and firms. ...
... every amount of labor. Thus, individuals require a $1 rise in their wages to supply any amount of labor, and the supply curve shifts upward. With labor demand unchanged, the new equilibrium wage is $5.65. In this case, the tax is borne equally by workers and firms. ...
Tax revenues in the European Union: Recent trends and challenges
... burden of EU Member States. This marked an interruption of many years of increasing tax burdens, reflecting increasing public expenditures. More recently, overall levels of expenditure are being reduced in an effort to consolidate public finances, followed to some extent by some reduction in revenue ...
... burden of EU Member States. This marked an interruption of many years of increasing tax burdens, reflecting increasing public expenditures. More recently, overall levels of expenditure are being reduced in an effort to consolidate public finances, followed to some extent by some reduction in revenue ...
Budget speech 2015-2016 - Gouvernement du Qu��bec
... transfers. Most of these transfers decrease on the basis of income. As a result, an increase in the wages of certain workers causes a near-flat rise in their income. To prevent a too-rapid drop in tax transfers from deterring anyone from stepping up their work contribution, I am announcing the imple ...
... transfers. Most of these transfers decrease on the basis of income. As a result, an increase in the wages of certain workers causes a near-flat rise in their income. To prevent a too-rapid drop in tax transfers from deterring anyone from stepping up their work contribution, I am announcing the imple ...
Chapter 8 - Dr. George Fahmy
... the level of net tax revenues when the economy moves away from (or toward) the full-employment level of output. For example, government collects smaller revenues from income taxes when output decreases; lump-sum tax revenues so fall when output decreases because of increased government transfer paym ...
... the level of net tax revenues when the economy moves away from (or toward) the full-employment level of output. For example, government collects smaller revenues from income taxes when output decreases; lump-sum tax revenues so fall when output decreases because of increased government transfer paym ...
IFS Green Budget - Institute for Fiscal Studies
... economic growth. Not only has employment income turned out weaker than forecast in 2010, but also it has comprised much weaker earnings growth and much stronger employment growth. We estimate that this different composition of growth from what was forecast in 2010 will reduce revenues by £6.5 billio ...
... economic growth. Not only has employment income turned out weaker than forecast in 2010, but also it has comprised much weaker earnings growth and much stronger employment growth. We estimate that this different composition of growth from what was forecast in 2010 will reduce revenues by £6.5 billio ...
WP84.2
... were commonly replaced with increases in VAT, though the latter did not often completely replace lost trade taxes.2 Corporate and personal income tax rates declined from averages of 35-40 percent to 25-30 percent. Following IMF advice, there has also been a trend to simplify and broaden tax bases, ...
... were commonly replaced with increases in VAT, though the latter did not often completely replace lost trade taxes.2 Corporate and personal income tax rates declined from averages of 35-40 percent to 25-30 percent. Following IMF advice, there has also been a trend to simplify and broaden tax bases, ...
LCcarL94_en.pdf
... proportion of GDP, in CARICOM member States is relatively similar to that in non-CARICOM countries. In fact, total health expenditure is slightly lower in CARICOM relative to larger economies. This suggests that smallness here acts in a beneficial way as targeting health services is more efficient, ...
... proportion of GDP, in CARICOM member States is relatively similar to that in non-CARICOM countries. In fact, total health expenditure is slightly lower in CARICOM relative to larger economies. This suggests that smallness here acts in a beneficial way as targeting health services is more efficient, ...
Size, Trend, and Policy Implications of the Underground Economy Renzo Orsi
... in Italy requires policy makers to propose effective policies to fight against tax evasion.1 The results of the Bayesian estimation provide evidence in favor of a sizeable underground sector in Italy, which on average accounts for 23% of GDP. This number is about 4 percentage points larger than the ...
... in Italy requires policy makers to propose effective policies to fight against tax evasion.1 The results of the Bayesian estimation provide evidence in favor of a sizeable underground sector in Italy, which on average accounts for 23% of GDP. This number is about 4 percentage points larger than the ...
Generating Larger Tax Revenue in South Asia
... retail and wholesale trade or income tax to service professionals); and by further rationalizing the direct and indirect taxes and extending the scope of property taxes. One word of caution is warranted though. Going by the past experience, gains that might accrue from tax reforms may still not be a ...
... retail and wholesale trade or income tax to service professionals); and by further rationalizing the direct and indirect taxes and extending the scope of property taxes. One word of caution is warranted though. Going by the past experience, gains that might accrue from tax reforms may still not be a ...
Chapter 3 R : T
... the revival of growth especially in the industrial sector of the economy on which the tax collections of the government critically depend. The other important factor behind the high tax buoyancy was the increase in the rate of service tax as well as the widening of its base by inclusion of new servi ...
... the revival of growth especially in the industrial sector of the economy on which the tax collections of the government critically depend. The other important factor behind the high tax buoyancy was the increase in the rate of service tax as well as the widening of its base by inclusion of new servi ...
U
... in nontax revenues, more than double the share for In addition to raising revenue, the market-oriented countries. (Compare "total revetax system in a socialist economy nues" and "total tax revenues" columns in Table 1.) Furthermore, because under socialism both busireflected the government’s role as ...
... in nontax revenues, more than double the share for In addition to raising revenue, the market-oriented countries. (Compare "total revetax system in a socialist economy nues" and "total tax revenues" columns in Table 1.) Furthermore, because under socialism both busireflected the government’s role as ...
Fiscal Policy Reconsidered
... this idea has sometimes been used to argue that policies that lead to larger future deficits can be contractionary now if they raise long-term interest rates. 3. Hyperrational, farsighted consumers may perceive tax cuts as merely shifting their tax burdens over time. In other words, lower taxes to ...
... this idea has sometimes been used to argue that policies that lead to larger future deficits can be contractionary now if they raise long-term interest rates. 3. Hyperrational, farsighted consumers may perceive tax cuts as merely shifting their tax burdens over time. In other words, lower taxes to ...
The West African Giveaway
... Corporate tax incentives are fiscal provisions offered to investors. They include reduced corporate tax rates or full ‘holidays’, whereby companies pay no taxes for certain time periods. These incentives permit companies to pay less tax on their profits than normal, or to benefit from reduced or no ...
... Corporate tax incentives are fiscal provisions offered to investors. They include reduced corporate tax rates or full ‘holidays’, whereby companies pay no taxes for certain time periods. These incentives permit companies to pay less tax on their profits than normal, or to benefit from reduced or no ...
sitting on a ticking bomb or catching up with
... rates designed among others to attract FDI’s were justified. Thirdly, it will explore what the most pressuring challenges for the taxation systems in the three countries are and thus assess the relevance of the tax policies they pursued in the past. Finally, the paper will seek to answer whether th ...
... rates designed among others to attract FDI’s were justified. Thirdly, it will explore what the most pressuring challenges for the taxation systems in the three countries are and thus assess the relevance of the tax policies they pursued in the past. Finally, the paper will seek to answer whether th ...
National Budget
... The question is how sustainable is the improvement in fiscal/economic performance given that most of the critical subsectors such as manufacturing, financial services, agriculture, and hospitality did not achieve their 2011 targets? What measures has Government put in place to shore up these sectors ...
... The question is how sustainable is the improvement in fiscal/economic performance given that most of the critical subsectors such as manufacturing, financial services, agriculture, and hospitality did not achieve their 2011 targets? What measures has Government put in place to shore up these sectors ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CAPITAL TAXATION Martin Feldstein Working Paper No. 817
... period when no work is done. Substituting a payroll tax or consumption tax for an income tax of equal present value lowers the price of second—period consumption relative to present consumption (because capital income is not taxed) and therefore unambiguously causes an increase in future consumption ...
... period when no work is done. Substituting a payroll tax or consumption tax for an income tax of equal present value lowers the price of second—period consumption relative to present consumption (because capital income is not taxed) and therefore unambiguously causes an increase in future consumption ...
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... -4ability to raise tax revenue by adjusting taxes on immobile factors of production (i.e., labor). This results in more costly distortions than those that result from adjusting indirect taxes, as in the analysis of Mendoza and Tesar. The emphasis is on proposing a framework that can easily adapt to ...
... -4ability to raise tax revenue by adjusting taxes on immobile factors of production (i.e., labor). This results in more costly distortions than those that result from adjusting indirect taxes, as in the analysis of Mendoza and Tesar. The emphasis is on proposing a framework that can easily adapt to ...
Chapter 2 R : T
... and non-debt receipts as well as accruals in public account) receipts. Notwithstanding the inter year variations in the growth of various components over a longer term (19852006), the ratio between the debt receipts inclusive of accruals in public account and nondebt receipts (revenue receipts and o ...
... and non-debt receipts as well as accruals in public account) receipts. Notwithstanding the inter year variations in the growth of various components over a longer term (19852006), the ratio between the debt receipts inclusive of accruals in public account and nondebt receipts (revenue receipts and o ...
The Importance of Corporation Tax on the Location
... There is a large literature which explores the determinants of the location decisions of multinational firms and more specifically focuses on the role of corporate tax in influencing such decisions. In modelling the effect of corporation tax on investment location decisions of multinationals, our wo ...
... There is a large literature which explores the determinants of the location decisions of multinational firms and more specifically focuses on the role of corporate tax in influencing such decisions. In modelling the effect of corporation tax on investment location decisions of multinationals, our wo ...
Tax Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Examining the Role of Excise
... Excise taxes are an important source of revenue in most African countries. During the two decades since 1973, excises in Africa have yielded 1.9 percent of gross domestic product, according to the data for the 17 countries for which consistent IMF data were available, and which are reviewed in Table ...
... Excise taxes are an important source of revenue in most African countries. During the two decades since 1973, excises in Africa have yielded 1.9 percent of gross domestic product, according to the data for the 17 countries for which consistent IMF data were available, and which are reviewed in Table ...
Betting on the Future with a Cloudy Crystal Ball?
... Don Reading, Idaho Center on Budget and Tax Policy, March 2005 ...
... Don Reading, Idaho Center on Budget and Tax Policy, March 2005 ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TAX AVERSION, DEFICITS AND THE
... inherent bias toward budget deficits. Since our analysis indicates that the conditions for the existence of an inverse relationship between tax rates and tax revenues are considerably less restrictive when tax avoidance and evasion behavior are explicitly recognized, it suggests that determined atte ...
... inherent bias toward budget deficits. Since our analysis indicates that the conditions for the existence of an inverse relationship between tax rates and tax revenues are considerably less restrictive when tax avoidance and evasion behavior are explicitly recognized, it suggests that determined atte ...
Supply-side economics
Supply-side economics is a school of macroeconomics which argues that economic growth can be most effectively created by investing in capital, and by lowering barriers on the production of goods and services. According to supply-side economics, consumers will then benefit from a greater supply of goods and services at lower prices; furthermore, the investment and expansion of businesses will increase the demand for employees and therefore create jobs. Typical policy recommendations of supply-side economists are lower marginal tax rates and less regulation.The term ""supply-side economics"" was thought, for some time, to have been coined by journalist Jude Wanniski in 1975, but according to Robert D. Atkinson's Supply-Side Follies, the term ""supply side"" (""supply-side fiscalists"") was first used by Herbert Stein, a former economic adviser to President Nixon, in 1976, and only later that year was this term repeated by Jude Wanniski. Its use connotes the ideas of economists Robert Mundell and Arthur Laffer. Supply-side economics is likened by critics to ""trickle-down economics,"" a rhetorical term which is not an economic theory.The Laffer curve illustrates a central theory of supply-side economics, that lowering tax rates may have a positive impact on work, output, and employment and generate more government revenue than would otherwise be expected at the lower tax rate due to the tax cut's economic effect. However, the Laffer curve only measures the rate of taxation, not tax incidence, which is a stronger predictor of whether a tax code change is stimulative or dampening. In addition, studies have shown that tax cuts seldom recoup revenue losses and have minimal impact on GDP growth.