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Mirror neurons in humans: Consisting or confounding
Mirror neurons in humans: Consisting or confounding

... Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ...
Words in the brain`s language
Words in the brain`s language

... Abstract: If the cortex is an associative memory, strongly connected cell assemblies will form when neurons in different cortical areas are frequently active at the same time. The cortical distributions of these assemblies must be a consequence of where in the cortex correlated neuronal activity occ ...
Autistic spectrum disorders: A review of clinical features, theories
Autistic spectrum disorders: A review of clinical features, theories

... in terms of prevalence, morbidity and impact to the society. It is characterized by complex behavioral phenotype and deficits in both social and cognitive functions. Although the exact cause of ASD is still not known, the main findings emphasize the role of genetic and environmental factors in the dev ...
Semantically-enabled Digital Investigations
Semantically-enabled Digital Investigations

... exploitation techniques, digital investigations are becoming an essential part of most information and communication security processes and workflows. Digital investigations commonly combine a wide span of different areas of expertise such as forensic analysis of storage devices, network communicati ...
Somatosensory cortex functional connectivity
Somatosensory cortex functional connectivity

... connectivity in a region driven by a functionally appropriate task is indeed characteristic of ASD, as we speculated, it would suggest that we should be able to observe reduced local functional connectivity in other cortical areas and using different experimental paradigms. To address these open que ...
Role of Ratings of Perceived Exertion during Self
Role of Ratings of Perceived Exertion during Self

... received by the thalamus and regulated within the brain [1, 2, 5, 9]. This information, in addition to several other factors such as knowledge of the task duration/distance remaining, memory of past similar experiences, motivation and mood [5, 10], is believed to be important in the regulation of pa ...
The Neural Basis of Human Error Processing: Reinforcement
The Neural Basis of Human Error Processing: Reinforcement

... learning signals to the basal ganglia and frontal cortex, where they are used to facilitate the development of adaptive motor programs. Although the reinforcement learning function attributed to the mesencephalic dopamine system and the error-processing function associated with the ERN appear to be ...
Nervous System Module - Year 2 Semester 1 Number of Credit – 8
Nervous System Module - Year 2 Semester 1 Number of Credit – 8

... 2. List the errors of refraction, describe how they occur and explain the basis of correcting each of them. 3.Explain the term accommodation as applied to the eye. 4. Explain the basis of the accommodation-convergence reflex and pupillary light reflex. 5. Explain the principles underlying visual acu ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK ...
Different representations of pleasant and unpleasant odours in the
Different representations of pleasant and unpleasant odours in the

... pleasantness vs. unpleasantness. A recent functional magnetic resonance neuroimaging (fMRI) study (Anderson et al., 2003) found that activation of the amygdala was associated with intensity and of the orbitofrontal cortex with the valence of two odours, but only two different odours (citral and vale ...
Making Sense of Stream Processing
Making Sense of Stream Processing

... The idea of structuring data as a stream of events is nothing new, and it is used in many different fields. Even though the underlying principles are often similar, the terminology is frequently inconsis‐ tent across different fields, which can be quite confusing. Although the jargon can be intimida ...
Richard Thompson
Richard Thompson

... with neuronal connectivity. Hebb's book revitalized this field, which had been somewhat dormant since Lashley's 1929 monograph. When it came to details, Hebb was rather lacking, particularly about synaptic processes. But in all fairness, John Eccles discovered synaptic inhibition only about the same ...
Orientation topography of layer 4 lateral networks revealed by
Orientation topography of layer 4 lateral networks revealed by

... focused exclusively on layer 2/3. Because different cortical layers are composed of different neuron types, the question arises whether the layer 2/3 ®ndings could also be applied to deeper laminae. In the present study, we focused our interest on layer 4 connections. Electrophysiological studies sh ...
Serotonergic Integration of Circadian Clock and Ultradian Sleep
Serotonergic Integration of Circadian Clock and Ultradian Sleep

... Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, E-mail: [email protected]; or Dr. Eiko Nakamaru-Ogiso, 207B Anatomy-Chemistry Building, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104. E-mail: [email protected]. K. Hamada’s present address: Laboratory for Developmen ...
Warm pleasant feelings in the brain
Warm pleasant feelings in the brain

... our behaviour to stimuli that are important for survival (Rolls, 2005). Indeed, warm and cold stimuli may be important prototypical primary, that is unlearned, reinforcers, and investigation of the neural mechanisms that are related to these stimuli and the feelings they arouse may provide a direct ...
Zinc Alters Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotoxicity on Cortical Neurons
Zinc Alters Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotoxicity on Cortical Neurons

... Acid Neurotoxicity ...
Travis, F.T. and Arenander, A. (2006). Cross-Sectional
Travis, F.T. and Arenander, A. (2006). Cross-Sectional

... adjustment, high self-esteem, low anxiety, security and easiness with others. Inner/Outer Orientation. Baruss developed this scale to quantify a subject’s worldview along a material (outer)-transcendental (inner) dimension (Baruss, et al., 1992). Subjects are given 38 statements like: “My spiritual ...
European and German Grid Projects
European and German Grid Projects

... • Coordinated problem solving – Integration of distributed resources – Compound quality of service requirements ...
Wager, T. D., Kang, J., Johnson, T. D., Nichols, T. E., Satpute, A. B.
Wager, T. D., Kang, J., Johnson, T. D., Nichols, T. E., Satpute, A. B.

... one emotion type from another, it is not clear that these findings are reliable enough (with sufficiently large effects) or generalizable enough across studies to meaningfully use brain information to infer what type of emotion was experienced. Recently, studies have begun to take a pattern-based vi ...
Anticipated synchronization in neuronal circuits
Anticipated synchronization in neuronal circuits

... AS was also verified in experiments with electronic circuits [13, 14, 15, 16]. The electronic circuits allow for a real-time anticipation of even strongly irregular signals. It was found that synchronization of the driven circuit with chaotic future states of the driving circuit is insensitive to si ...
The role of mirror neurons in cognition
The role of mirror neurons in cognition

... The ensuing technological progress brought in with the blossoming of information science and engineering opened new avenues of study to complement slowly ageing practices. Data provided by imaging and computational modelling methods enabled the brain to be studied in great detail and unveiled the dy ...
Title Modulation of Conditioned Fear, Fear
Title Modulation of Conditioned Fear, Fear

... amygdala (BLA) is involved in pain, fear and fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA). In this study, we investigated the effects of intra-BLA administration of the GABA A receptor agonist, muscimol, on the expression of conditioned-fear, formalin-evoked nociception and fearconditioned analgesia in rats, an ...
Macular Carotenoids Conference
Macular Carotenoids Conference

... carotenoids so special? Every carotenoid has a unique structure and this determines its chemical and physical properties. Any biological function or action depends on these properties and on interactions of the carotenoid with its environment. This talk will introduce lutein and zeaxanthin (includin ...
Foundation and practice of neurofeedback for the treatment of epilepsy
Foundation and practice of neurofeedback for the treatment of epilepsy

... a different and highly significant area of investigation. Findings in the study of synaptic mechanisms mediating experience-based neuronal reorganization, and thus learning, provide an appealing theoretical basis for a potentially unique consequence of SMR training (Sterman, 2005). Many studies have ...
Data mining of temporal sequences for the prediction of infrequent
Data mining of temporal sequences for the prediction of infrequent

... In order to meet the mounting social and economic demands as well as the pressure to stand out within fierce global competitivity, railway operators and manufacturers are striving for a longer availability and a better reliability of railway transportation systems. A permissive and lax maintenance s ...
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Neuroinformatics

Neuroinformatics is a research field concerned with the organization of neuroscience data by the application of computational models and analytical tools. These areas of research are important for the integration and analysis of increasingly large-volume, high-dimensional, and fine-grain experimental data. Neuroinformaticians provide computational tools, mathematical models, and create interoperable databases for clinicians and research scientists. Neuroscience is a heterogeneous field, consisting of many and various sub-disciplines (e.g., Cognitive Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, and Behavioral Genetics). In order for our understanding of the brain to continue to deepen, it is necessary that these sub-disciplines are able to share data and findings in a meaningful way; Neuroinformaticians facilitate this.Neuroinformatics stands at the intersection of neuroscience and information science. Other fields, like genomics, have demonstrated the effectiveness of freely-distributed databases and the application of theoretical and computational models for solving complex problems. In Neuroinformatics, such facilities allow researchers to more easily quantitatively confirm their working theories by computational modeling. Additionally, neuroinformatics fosters collaborative research—an important fact that facilitates the field's interest in studying the multi-level complexity of the brain.There are three main directions where neuroinformatics has to be applied: the development of tools and databases for management and sharing of neuroscience data at all levels of analysis, the development of tools for analyzing and modeling neuroscience data, the development of computational models of the nervous system and neural processes.In the recent decade, as vast amounts of diverse data about the brain were gathered by many research groups, the problem was raised of how to integrate the data from thousands of publications in order to enable efficient tools for further research. The biological and neuroscience data are highly interconnected and complex, and by itself, integration represents a great challenge for scientists.Combining informatics research and brain research provides benefits for both fields of science. On one hand, informatics facilitates brain data processing and data handling, by providing new electronic and software technologies for arranging databases, modeling and communication in brain research. On the other hand, enhanced discoveries in the field of neuroscience will invoke the development of new methods in information technologies (IT).
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