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Cerebrum Renatus Conference (3)
Cerebrum Renatus Conference (3)

... gland’s movements caused muscular movements by controlling the rate at which spirits were sent out to the nerves. This pineal-gland theory for movement made sense to Descartes because this part of the brain is surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid, in which, Descartes believed, the animal spirits were h ...
The Brain
The Brain

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... of the brain start to fire, blood flows to that region of the brain to provide it with oxygen. MRI can be used to study where in the brain blood is flowing to and this can be correlated with the task a person is performing (Figure 3). This process is known as functional MRI and scientists have used ...
Brain Functions
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... glial cells we wouldn't have working neurons, and without neurons there would be no point of glial cells. About 90 percent of your brain cells are glial cells (the other 10 percent are neurons) which means that we have about 1,000 billion of them. Did you know that glial means "glue?" These cells ar ...
From Mitochondria to Meditation: An Integrative Approach to
From Mitochondria to Meditation: An Integrative Approach to

... cerebrovascular reserve capacity in patients who suffered ischemic stroke and in patients diagnosed with mild dementia. It also improved the cognitive status and general condition of patients with chronic hypoperfusion. The authors of the study recommend the use of vinpocetine for the treatment of p ...
Abstracts - Yale School of Medicine
Abstracts - Yale School of Medicine

... MRI VOLUMETRIC STUDIES IN ALCOHOLISM AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY: FOCUS ON MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE STRUCTURES Hannu J. Aronen Medial temporal lobe pathology has been suggested to be a part dysfunction of the neural systems, which is observed as violent and psychopathic behavior. Animal and human studies sugges ...
Inside the Teen Brain
Inside the Teen Brain

... facial expressions, in part because the prefrontal cortex is not yet lending the limbic system a hand. Teenagers are not adept readers of social signals, such as facial expressions, even if they seem to do nothing but socialize. "You have to actually learn how to read emotions," says Yurgelun-Todd. ...
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The Biological Bases of Behaviour
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copyright 2004 scientific american, inc.
copyright 2004 scientific american, inc.

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... actual brain changes caused by meditation by sticking meditators into brain-imaging machines. For one, although the brain’s cells typically fire at all different times, during meditation they fire in synchrony. Expert meditators also show spikes of brain activity in the left prefrontal cortex, an ar ...
The Central Nervous System LBHS Version
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Lateralization of brain function



The longitudinal fissure separates the human brain into two distinct cerebral hemispheres, connected by the corpus callosum. The hemispheres exhibit strong, but not complete, bilateral symmetry in both structure and function. For example, structurally, the lateral sulcus generally is longer in the left hemisphere than in the right hemisphere, and functionally, Broca's area and Wernicke's area are located in the left cerebral hemisphere for about 95% of right-handers, but about 70% of left-handers.Broad generalizations are often made in ""pop"" psychology about one side or the other having characteristic labels, such as ""logical"" for the left side or ""creative"" for the right. These labels are not supported by studies on lateralization, as lateralization does not add specialized usage from either hemisphere. Both hemispheres contribute to both kinds of processes, and experimental evidence provides little support for correlating the structural differences between the sides with such broadly defined functional differences.The extent of any modularity, or specialization of brain function by area, remains under investigation. If a specific region of the brain, or even an entire hemisphere, is injured or destroyed, its functions can sometimes be assumed by a neighboring region in the same hemisphere or the corresponding region in the other hemisphere, depending upon the area damaged and the patient's age. When injury interferes with pathways from one area to another, alternative (indirect) connections may develop to communicate information with detached areas, despite the inefficiencies.Brain function lateralization is evident in the phenomena of right- or left-handedness and of right or left ear preference, but a person's preferred hand is not a clear indication of the location of brain function. Although 95% of right-handed people have left-hemisphere dominance for language, 18.8% of left-handed people have right-hemisphere dominance for language function. Additionally, 19.8% of the left-handed have bilateral language functions. Even within various language functions (e.g., semantics, syntax, prosody), degree (and even hemisphere) of dominance may differ.Additionally, although some functions are lateralized, these are only a tendency. The trend across many individuals may also vary significantly as to how any specific function is implemented. The areas of exploration of this causal or effectual difference of a particular brain function include its gross anatomy, dendritic structure, and neurotransmitter distribution. The structural and chemical variance of a particular brain function, between the two hemispheres of one brain or between the same hemisphere of two different brains, is still being studied. Short of having undergone a hemispherectomy (removal of a cerebral hemisphere), no one is a ""left-brain only"" or ""right-brain only"" person.
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