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ecosystem - UNL Entomology
ecosystem - UNL Entomology

... As a living organism on this planet, there is no escaping interaction. Whether its among the biological community, or with the physical environment itself; interaction defines an ecosystem. As British ecologist Arthur Tansley(1935) said, “Though the organisms may claim our primary interest, when we ...
a transcontinental risk assessment of barriers to animal
a transcontinental risk assessment of barriers to animal

... border. In the absence of such data, we estimated risk by examining species range maps and resulting biogeographic patterns. Dispersal barriers can have impacts at multiple levels of ecological organization. Our approach proceeds in a top-down fashion from ecoregions, which represent relatively self ...
Journal of Animal - Centre d`études biologiques de Chizé
Journal of Animal - Centre d`études biologiques de Chizé

... 3. Animals took larger bites from larger patches (branches), and bite mass declined as patch exploitation progressed, implying that animals were selecting the larger items to eat first. It was demonstrated experimentally that depletion of the larger bites does occur first, and it was concluded that ...
Critical problems for bird conservation in the Galápagos Islands
Critical problems for bird conservation in the Galápagos Islands

... The Floreana Mockingbird (Fig. 4) probably numbers no more than 150 individuals, and the most recent surveys revealed a sharp decline in 200616 followed by a partial recovery in 200718. It is now confined to two small islets. The accidental introduction of predators must be avoided as they could dep ...
Extinctions in Ecological Communities –  Alva Curtsdotter
Extinctions in Ecological Communities – Alva Curtsdotter

... In the dawning of what may become Earth’s 6th mass extinction the topic of this thesis, understanding extinction processes and what determines the magnitude of species loss, has become only too relevant. The number of known extinctions (~850) during the last centuries translates to extinction rates ...
Critical problems for bird conservation in the Galápagos Islands
Critical problems for bird conservation in the Galápagos Islands

... The Floreana Mockingbird (Fig. 4) probably numbers no more than 150 individuals, and the most recent surveys revealed a sharp decline in 200616 followed by a partial recovery in 200718. It is now confined to two small islets. The accidental introduction of predators must be avoided as they could dep ...
Propagule supply controls grazer community structure and primary
Propagule supply controls grazer community structure and primary

... ECOLOGY ...
What causes outbreaks of the gypsy moth in North America?
What causes outbreaks of the gypsy moth in North America?

... calculating the PACF for a specific lag time unit. The PACF may be diagnostic of the process generating patterns of abundance (Royama 1992). Turchin (1990) and Berryman (1994) analyzed time series of the abundance of several forest insect species and found that PACFs of many of the series contained ...
What causes outbreaks of the gypsy moth in North America?
What causes outbreaks of the gypsy moth in North America?

... calculating the PACF for a specific lag time unit. The PACF may be diagnostic of the process generating patterns of abundance (Royama 1992). Turchin (1990) and Berryman (1994) analyzed time series of the abundance of several forest insect species and found that PACFs of many of the series contained ...
American Journal of Botany
American Journal of Botany

... highly simplified systems that lack the trophic complexity typical of natural ecosystems. This limitation has been discussed at length by authors who have outlined the potential biases and incorrect conclusions that could result from using such simplified, model systems (Duffy, 2002; Duffy et al., 2 ...
American Journal of Botany
American Journal of Botany

... highly simplified systems that lack the trophic complexity typical of natural ecosystems. This limitation has been discussed at length by authors who have outlined the potential biases and incorrect conclusions that could result from using such simplified, model systems (Duffy, 2002; Duffy et al., 2 ...
Global networks for invasion science: benefits, challenges and
Global networks for invasion science: benefits, challenges and

... accelerate deeper understanding of the patterns (e.g., changing spatial distributions; Dietz et al. 2006) and processes (e.g., the mechanisms by which invasive plants disrupt pollination networks; LopezaraizaMikel et al. 2007) of invasion dynamics. To qualify as ‘global’, we suggest that networks co ...
Honors Biology – Chapters 3-5
Honors Biology – Chapters 3-5

... 16. Explain the factors that determine how a population grows: immigration, emigration, birthrate, deathrate, resources, carrying capacity 17. Define the two types of population growth: exponential and logistic. Explain how they differ. 18. Define and give at least three examples each of density-dep ...
Native species whose distribution in the Cairngorms LBAP area has
Native species whose distribution in the Cairngorms LBAP area has

Finding Patterns in Protein Sequence and Structure
Finding Patterns in Protein Sequence and Structure

... and for each of those the derivation of a table of similar tripeptides: number is only fraction of total number possible. • Quickly scans a database of protein sequences for ungapped regions showing high similarity, which are called high-scoring segment pairs (HSP), using the tables of similar pepti ...
origins of the azorean intertidal biota: the significance of introduced
origins of the azorean intertidal biota: the significance of introduced

... region between southern Europe and northern Africa, and the Mediterranean. but also contains taxa from other Atlantic sources. Regardless of their geographic origins, most elements of the coastal Azorean biota are chance survivors of recent chance immigrants delivered to these shores by currents. ra ...
Sympatric Speciation in Insects
Sympatric Speciation in Insects

... likely route to sympatric speciation.” This is true from the theoretical point of view. Models derived from Maynard Smith (1966), Seger (1985a), including Kawecki’s own model, and Doebeli (1996a), for example, consider the division of one population that exploits two hosts into two separate monophag ...
Nearshore fish assemblages associated with introduced predatory
Nearshore fish assemblages associated with introduced predatory

Population Management - University of Minnesota
Population Management - University of Minnesota

View PDF
View PDF

... there has been a renewed interest in and understanding of indirect interactions and their importance in the ecology of complex assemblages (reviewed by Menge, 1997). This was, of course, an older tradition dating back to Darwin’s ‘‘web of complex ‘interactions’ ’’ (Darwin, 1859). It generated some a ...
Lecture 3
Lecture 3

... Sequence alignment is a way of arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA or protein to identify regions of similarity that may be a consequence of functional, structural or evolutionary relationships between the sequences. The procedure of comparing two (pair-wise alignment) or more multiple sequences i ...
Niche differentiation, rarity, and commonness in the Australian White
Niche differentiation, rarity, and commonness in the Australian White

... population and environment rather than an attribute of an individual organism. But as a rule rarity is generally expressed using one or two of the following variables: abundance, range size, habitat specificity, temporal persistence, threat, gene flow, genetic diversity, endemism, taxonomic distinct ...
`wasp-waist` food webs
`wasp-waist` food webs

... literature; the factors governing population dynamics often change as the climate shifts [11,21], so that the longer-term drivers may be totally different to those at present. The population explosions in sardine, anchovy, and locusts coincide not only with increased numerical densities across the h ...
Journal of Applied Phycology
Journal of Applied Phycology

... We report the cloning and sequencing of the recA gene from Spirulinaplatensis. A genomic library of Spirulina was constructed in pUC19 and screened by PCR using oligonucleotides corresponding to the conserved amino acid sequences of Anabaena variabilisand Synechococcus RecA proteins. The Spirulina r ...
Full Text
Full Text

... and is a popular tool for understanding the molecular biology of many plant traits, including flower development and light sensing. Abiotic stress such as drought, salinity, cold and excessive water are the most harmful factor concerning the growth and productivity of crops worldwide. Plant growth i ...
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Molecular ecology

Molecular ecology is a field of evolutionary biology that is concerned with applying molecular population genetics, molecular phylogenetics, and more recently genomics to traditional ecological questions (e.g., species diagnosis, conservation and assessment of biodiversity, species-area relationships, and many questions in behavioral ecology). It is virtually synonymous with the field of ""Ecological Genetics"" as pioneered by Theodosius Dobzhansky, E. B. Ford, Godfrey M. Hewitt and others. These fields are united in their attempt to study genetic-based questions ""out in the field"" as opposed to the laboratory. Molecular ecology is related to the field of Conservation genetics.Methods frequently include using microsatellites to determine gene flow and hybridization between populations. The development of molecular ecology is also closely related to the use of DNA microarrays, which allows for the simultaneous analysis of the expression of thousands of different genes. Quantitative PCR may also be used to analyze gene expression as a result of changes in environmental conditions or different response by differently adapted individuals.
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