INTRODUCTION Definition and meaning, guiding principles
... People’s realization of their roles in determining their future on earth prompted the development in the 1980’s of the World Conservation Strategy. The surface of the earth is undergoing many human-imposed changes that match the upheavals of Pleistocene glaciations. Evolution is measured on a geolog ...
... People’s realization of their roles in determining their future on earth prompted the development in the 1980’s of the World Conservation Strategy. The surface of the earth is undergoing many human-imposed changes that match the upheavals of Pleistocene glaciations. Evolution is measured on a geolog ...
The ecology of Type="Italic">Myrmica ants
... 1996b) and pose difficult questions for evolutionary biologists (see Keller, 1993). However, at the functional level of a colony, it means that worker numbers are not restricted directly by lack of queens. In some populations queen numbers fluctuate in a regular manner, with all nests having many qu ...
... 1996b) and pose difficult questions for evolutionary biologists (see Keller, 1993). However, at the functional level of a colony, it means that worker numbers are not restricted directly by lack of queens. In some populations queen numbers fluctuate in a regular manner, with all nests having many qu ...
How Foraging Behaviour and Resource Partitioning Can
... and pollinator species into large functional, rather than taxonomic, units. The existence of pollination syndromes supposedly reflects a process of convergent evolution (Fægri and van der Pijl 1979): plants that share pollinators or that have pollinators with similar morphology and behaviour, are su ...
... and pollinator species into large functional, rather than taxonomic, units. The existence of pollination syndromes supposedly reflects a process of convergent evolution (Fægri and van der Pijl 1979): plants that share pollinators or that have pollinators with similar morphology and behaviour, are su ...
Condon, Nicole.
... implications on prey and predator biomass, population viability, and the potential for species replacement (Stevens et al. 2000; Meyers et al. 2007; Koslow et al. 2001). Data on deep-dwelling chondrichthyan metabolic rates is almost entirely lacking. Numerous data on the differences between deep an ...
... implications on prey and predator biomass, population viability, and the potential for species replacement (Stevens et al. 2000; Meyers et al. 2007; Koslow et al. 2001). Data on deep-dwelling chondrichthyan metabolic rates is almost entirely lacking. Numerous data on the differences between deep an ...
How foraging behaviour and resource partitioning
... and pollinator species into large functional, rather than taxonomic, units. The existence of pollination syndromes supposedly reflects a process of convergent evolution (Fægri and van der Pijl 1979): plants that share pollinators or that have pollinators with similar morphology and behaviour, are su ...
... and pollinator species into large functional, rather than taxonomic, units. The existence of pollination syndromes supposedly reflects a process of convergent evolution (Fægri and van der Pijl 1979): plants that share pollinators or that have pollinators with similar morphology and behaviour, are su ...
Designed sequences improve distant homology detection
... conorii S1 protein is robust with regard to design parameters. It is consistently found with e-value better than 0.01 in most tested cases where the accepted substitution steps and/or the number of designed sequences added to the native alignment are varied (see supplementary material). Using a mult ...
... conorii S1 protein is robust with regard to design parameters. It is consistently found with e-value better than 0.01 in most tested cases where the accepted substitution steps and/or the number of designed sequences added to the native alignment are varied (see supplementary material). Using a mult ...
SPATIAL SYNCHRONY IN POPULATION DYNAMICS ∗ Andrew
... processes, three mechanisms may cause synchrony: (a) dispersal among populations; (b) synchronous stochastic effects, often referred to as the “Moran effect”; and (c) trophic interactions with other species that are themselves either synchronized or mobile. As in many other ecological problems, link ...
... processes, three mechanisms may cause synchrony: (a) dispersal among populations; (b) synchronous stochastic effects, often referred to as the “Moran effect”; and (c) trophic interactions with other species that are themselves either synchronized or mobile. As in many other ecological problems, link ...
SPATIAL SYNCHRONY IN POPULATION DYNAMICS∗ Andrew
... processes, three mechanisms may cause synchrony: (a) dispersal among populations; (b) synchronous stochastic effects, often referred to as the “Moran effect”; and (c) trophic interactions with other species that are themselves either synchronized or mobile. As in many other ecological problems, link ...
... processes, three mechanisms may cause synchrony: (a) dispersal among populations; (b) synchronous stochastic effects, often referred to as the “Moran effect”; and (c) trophic interactions with other species that are themselves either synchronized or mobile. As in many other ecological problems, link ...
River plume effects on larval yellow perch (Perca flavescens
... overall recruitment of larval yellow perch to the juvenile stage. However, traditional diet analyses are not effective for evaluating larval predation rates. I therefore review genetic and non-genetic diet analysis techniques, and how they have evolved with technological advances, allowing researche ...
... overall recruitment of larval yellow perch to the juvenile stage. However, traditional diet analyses are not effective for evaluating larval predation rates. I therefore review genetic and non-genetic diet analysis techniques, and how they have evolved with technological advances, allowing researche ...
Empirical Evidence for the Scale Dependence of Biotic Interactions
... regularly and reference peer-reviewed journal articles. For each woodpecker, we recorded all reported interactions with any other bird species as identified by the articles containing mention of the woodpecker species. We did not include interactions that occur at bird feeders because these can repr ...
... regularly and reference peer-reviewed journal articles. For each woodpecker, we recorded all reported interactions with any other bird species as identified by the articles containing mention of the woodpecker species. We did not include interactions that occur at bird feeders because these can repr ...
Spatiotemporal Model of Barley and Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus
... highly competent reservoir species can increase the prevalence of B/CYDV in local host communities (Power and Mitchell 2004; Borer et al. 2007; Malmstrom et al. 2005b, 2005a). Host-aphid interactions also vary by host, with aphids showing preference for and experiencing higher fitness on certain hos ...
... highly competent reservoir species can increase the prevalence of B/CYDV in local host communities (Power and Mitchell 2004; Borer et al. 2007; Malmstrom et al. 2005b, 2005a). Host-aphid interactions also vary by host, with aphids showing preference for and experiencing higher fitness on certain hos ...
Marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: what`s known and
... nutrient fluxes from bioturbation in soft-benthos) (Emmerson et al. 2001, Solan et al. 2004), used controlled experiments to further our understanding about the relative roles of species density, identity and diversity (O’Connor and Crowe 2005, Benedetti-Cecchi 2006, Griffin et al. 2008, Byrnes an ...
... nutrient fluxes from bioturbation in soft-benthos) (Emmerson et al. 2001, Solan et al. 2004), used controlled experiments to further our understanding about the relative roles of species density, identity and diversity (O’Connor and Crowe 2005, Benedetti-Cecchi 2006, Griffin et al. 2008, Byrnes an ...
Mate Choice and Hybridization: Comparing the Endler`s Guppy
... Hybridization and Behavior- If the two species are capable of hybridizing, survivorship of Endler’s guppies as an independent species in the wild could have poor prospects. It is important to test if these two species are capable of hybridization and, if so, will they have viable (capable of success ...
... Hybridization and Behavior- If the two species are capable of hybridizing, survivorship of Endler’s guppies as an independent species in the wild could have poor prospects. It is important to test if these two species are capable of hybridization and, if so, will they have viable (capable of success ...
The role of biotic forces in driving macroevolution: beyond the Red
... makes sense because there was no intraspecific frequency dependence of fitness, a limitation these models shared with other coevolutionary models of that time (discussed in [37,41,42]). Other early models featured trait evolution, and showed (not surprisingly) that predators and victims would evolve ...
... makes sense because there was no intraspecific frequency dependence of fitness, a limitation these models shared with other coevolutionary models of that time (discussed in [37,41,42]). Other early models featured trait evolution, and showed (not surprisingly) that predators and victims would evolve ...
Observations on the Endemic Pygmy Three
... described as a species in 2001 [1]. Bradypus pygmaeus is morphologically distinct from Bradypus variegatus, most obviously in their reduced body size, although genetic differentiation has not been shown [2]. Bradypus pygmaeus are found only on the 4.3 km2 island of Isla Escudo de Veraguas ( = Isla E ...
... described as a species in 2001 [1]. Bradypus pygmaeus is morphologically distinct from Bradypus variegatus, most obviously in their reduced body size, although genetic differentiation has not been shown [2]. Bradypus pygmaeus are found only on the 4.3 km2 island of Isla Escudo de Veraguas ( = Isla E ...
Zoning as a means of mitigating conflicts with large
... advantage of zoning in this scenario is that it allows the concentration of expensive conservation and conflict-reduction/mitigation measures into a limited area. In some areas, sources of conflict may exist that either cannot be mitigated, are too expensive to mitigate on the required scale, cannot ...
... advantage of zoning in this scenario is that it allows the concentration of expensive conservation and conflict-reduction/mitigation measures into a limited area. In some areas, sources of conflict may exist that either cannot be mitigated, are too expensive to mitigate on the required scale, cannot ...
Coral reefs in crisis: The reliability of deep-time food web
... [9, 10, 11]. Most recently, it has been suggested that community persistence itself might act as an agent of long-term selection, with functional structures and interactions appearing repeatedly within ecosystems over geological time [12]. Therefore, attempts to understand and conserve modern commun ...
... [9, 10, 11]. Most recently, it has been suggested that community persistence itself might act as an agent of long-term selection, with functional structures and interactions appearing repeatedly within ecosystems over geological time [12]. Therefore, attempts to understand and conserve modern commun ...
2006eugros2
... are consistent with many other experiments that have examined the prey size preference of E. rosea in the lab (Davis & Butler 1964, Chiu & Chou 1962, Nishida & Napompeth 1975, Cook 1989 a, b) and in the field (Griffiths et al. 1993). In addition, it seems that large (40 to 55 mm shell length) E. ros ...
... are consistent with many other experiments that have examined the prey size preference of E. rosea in the lab (Davis & Butler 1964, Chiu & Chou 1962, Nishida & Napompeth 1975, Cook 1989 a, b) and in the field (Griffiths et al. 1993). In addition, it seems that large (40 to 55 mm shell length) E. ros ...
Wildebeest - Scientific Research Publishing
... Kruger National Park by 87% [3] [4] and in Etosha National Park [5]. The declines were attributed to many factors including an anthrax epidemic, elevated predation rates, droughts, veterinary fences, hunting and competition with livestock [1]-[4] [6]. Drought is one of the environmental factors that ...
... Kruger National Park by 87% [3] [4] and in Etosha National Park [5]. The declines were attributed to many factors including an anthrax epidemic, elevated predation rates, droughts, veterinary fences, hunting and competition with livestock [1]-[4] [6]. Drought is one of the environmental factors that ...
Photosynthesis in Extreme Environments
... environments, set the focus of life in extreme environments on prokaryotes and their metabolisms (Brock, 1978). However, eukaryotic microbial life may be found actively growing in almost any extreme condition where there is a source of energy to sustain it, with the only exception of high temperatur ...
... environments, set the focus of life in extreme environments on prokaryotes and their metabolisms (Brock, 1978). However, eukaryotic microbial life may be found actively growing in almost any extreme condition where there is a source of energy to sustain it, with the only exception of high temperatur ...
smooth pimpleback (quadrula houstonensis)
... feature figures have been included to assist non-malacologists with aspects of freshwater mussels. Within this report, shell length is abbreviated "sl" and other shell dimensions are typically written out. From the onset of freshwater mussel studies by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) in 1 ...
... feature figures have been included to assist non-malacologists with aspects of freshwater mussels. Within this report, shell length is abbreviated "sl" and other shell dimensions are typically written out. From the onset of freshwater mussel studies by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) in 1 ...
Distribution and abundance of lions in northwest Tete Province
... shrub land can be highly spectrally variable [19], and thus can appear similar to natural vegetation in landuse classifications of moderate-resolution satellite imagery (e.g., Landsat). In the absence of extensive sampling of ground truth points, our method is likely to produce higher resolution and ...
... shrub land can be highly spectrally variable [19], and thus can appear similar to natural vegetation in landuse classifications of moderate-resolution satellite imagery (e.g., Landsat). In the absence of extensive sampling of ground truth points, our method is likely to produce higher resolution and ...
RESPONSE SURFACE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS FOR
... each other in two overlapping hexagonal arrays. This generates a space-efficient array where individual plants have from one to six neighbors of the competing species and grow at a range of densities, so that this experimental design could also be used for fitting and parameterizing models. Unfortun ...
... each other in two overlapping hexagonal arrays. This generates a space-efficient array where individual plants have from one to six neighbors of the competing species and grow at a range of densities, so that this experimental design could also be used for fitting and parameterizing models. Unfortun ...
Patterns of trophic niche divergence between invasive
... with mesocosm as a random effect (Dossena et al. 2012). The significance of each treatment on the trophic position of each species was assessed by starting with the most complex model and then simplifying by removing non-significant terms using maximum-likelihood ratio tests due to different fixed e ...
... with mesocosm as a random effect (Dossena et al. 2012). The significance of each treatment on the trophic position of each species was assessed by starting with the most complex model and then simplifying by removing non-significant terms using maximum-likelihood ratio tests due to different fixed e ...
continued - Linn-Benton Community College
... – Exponential growth can occur when individuals invade a new habitat with little competition – Invasive species are organisms with a high biotic potential that are introduced into ecosystems where they did not evolve and where they encounter little environmental resistance © 2014 Pearson Education, ...
... – Exponential growth can occur when individuals invade a new habitat with little competition – Invasive species are organisms with a high biotic potential that are introduced into ecosystems where they did not evolve and where they encounter little environmental resistance © 2014 Pearson Education, ...