... to composition. Similarly, to attribute effects to composition, it is necessary to control for differences in diversity. I use this approach to distinguish between effects caused by diversity vs. composition. This requires that experiments, observational studies, and theory be designed as previously ...
Ecological Restoration - UW Courses Web Server
... Gradual, directional change in species composition or structure of a plant community over time ...
... Gradual, directional change in species composition or structure of a plant community over time ...
A severe predator-induced population decline predicted
... However recent research has revealed two important details about swift parrot ecology. First, spatio-temporal fluctuation in food availability drives unpredictable annual movements by swift parrots, causing the population to select entirely different breeding sites each year across a breeding range o ...
... However recent research has revealed two important details about swift parrot ecology. First, spatio-temporal fluctuation in food availability drives unpredictable annual movements by swift parrots, causing the population to select entirely different breeding sites each year across a breeding range o ...
Des - Evolution of Developmental Genes
... • Cloning of opossum IGF2 was succesful • 3 of 4 sequences were identical to each other and to opossum IGF-2 ...
... • Cloning of opossum IGF2 was succesful • 3 of 4 sequences were identical to each other and to opossum IGF-2 ...
Species functional redundancy, random extinctions and the stability
... tends to be low at either low or high species extinction levels, and to be high at intermediate species extinction levels (see Figs 1 and 2). When species become extinct at random, the first species to go extinct locally will, in most cases, have no effect on the functioning of the ecosystem, as the ...
... tends to be low at either low or high species extinction levels, and to be high at intermediate species extinction levels (see Figs 1 and 2). When species become extinct at random, the first species to go extinct locally will, in most cases, have no effect on the functioning of the ecosystem, as the ...
Modelling coevolution in multispecies communities
... 1990; Pimm et al., 1991, Morin & Lawler, 1995). Most of these models concentrate on static properties of the webs, such as the proportions of species at each of the trophic levels, and the lengths of food chains. There have also been models for the assembly of food webs by gradual addition of specie ...
... 1990; Pimm et al., 1991, Morin & Lawler, 1995). Most of these models concentrate on static properties of the webs, such as the proportions of species at each of the trophic levels, and the lengths of food chains. There have also been models for the assembly of food webs by gradual addition of specie ...
Benthic amphipod community in the northern
... Therefore, the larger ampeliscids, which are actually dominant, must not only live in a highly productive environment, they must also have a lower mortality rate than smaller ampeliscids. One advantage of larger size is the ability to defend limiting resources against smaller competitors. Competitiv ...
... Therefore, the larger ampeliscids, which are actually dominant, must not only live in a highly productive environment, they must also have a lower mortality rate than smaller ampeliscids. One advantage of larger size is the ability to defend limiting resources against smaller competitors. Competitiv ...
Historical contingency in species interactions: towards nichebased
... effects. To place our results in a broad context, data were analysed to determine the amount of variation that our hypotheses could explain over and above one conventional hypothesis that focuses on characteristics of the environment rather than those of the species. According to this hypothesis, pr ...
... effects. To place our results in a broad context, data were analysed to determine the amount of variation that our hypotheses could explain over and above one conventional hypothesis that focuses on characteristics of the environment rather than those of the species. According to this hypothesis, pr ...
Short seeddispersal distances and low seedling recruitment in
... deposition with estimates of plant recruitment, such as seedling recruitment and survival (but see McConkey & Brockelman 2011). We therefore know little about how seeds are distributed in human-modified landscapes and how patterns of seed deposition translate into plant recruitment success. In this s ...
... deposition with estimates of plant recruitment, such as seedling recruitment and survival (but see McConkey & Brockelman 2011). We therefore know little about how seeds are distributed in human-modified landscapes and how patterns of seed deposition translate into plant recruitment success. In this s ...
Keystone Review
... population near the dam. As a result of building the dam, the flow of the Nile changed. This changed the habitat, which resulted in an increase in its population of a certain aquatic snail. The snails, which were infected, released larvae of the fluke. These larvae then infected humans. This situati ...
... population near the dam. As a result of building the dam, the flow of the Nile changed. This changed the habitat, which resulted in an increase in its population of a certain aquatic snail. The snails, which were infected, released larvae of the fluke. These larvae then infected humans. This situati ...
Determining selection across heterogeneous
... assumes a specific (temporally constant) shape of the spatial density distribution of individuals Ai (x), while the total density of individuals is initially determined by ci and subsequently increases or decreases over time at an exponential rate determined by the exponent λi . The functions Ai (x) ...
... assumes a specific (temporally constant) shape of the spatial density distribution of individuals Ai (x), while the total density of individuals is initially determined by ci and subsequently increases or decreases over time at an exponential rate determined by the exponent λi . The functions Ai (x) ...
arXiv:adap-org/9801003v1 16 Jan 1998
... 1990; Pimm et al., 1991, Morin & Lawler, 1995). Most of these models concentrate on static properties of the webs, such as the proportions of species at each of the trophic levels, and the lengths of food chains. There have also been models for the assembly of food webs by gradual addition of specie ...
... 1990; Pimm et al., 1991, Morin & Lawler, 1995). Most of these models concentrate on static properties of the webs, such as the proportions of species at each of the trophic levels, and the lengths of food chains. There have also been models for the assembly of food webs by gradual addition of specie ...
An Ecological Theory for the Sudden Origin of Multicellular Life in
... to feed on high-density populations, which naturally occur near parents; increased dispersion and reduced density of populations has then permitted a large variety of tree species to coexist within habitats (12). Even in the deep sea, remarkably intense predation appears to contribute to the charact ...
... to feed on high-density populations, which naturally occur near parents; increased dispersion and reduced density of populations has then permitted a large variety of tree species to coexist within habitats (12). Even in the deep sea, remarkably intense predation appears to contribute to the charact ...
The nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the attachment
... the end of the F gene, the H gene and the beginning of the L gene of CDV (see Fig. 1). The numbering in this sequence begins at the conserved gene start sequence in the H gene and ends at position 1946 of the consensus 3'terminal sequence. Genes of similar size have been described for MV (1954 nucle ...
... the end of the F gene, the H gene and the beginning of the L gene of CDV (see Fig. 1). The numbering in this sequence begins at the conserved gene start sequence in the H gene and ends at position 1946 of the consensus 3'terminal sequence. Genes of similar size have been described for MV (1954 nucle ...
Korapuki Island restoration plan
... the terrestrial systems of Korapuki I. were modelled using interaction webs, and compared with those on Middle I. Predictive models for systems on Korapuki I. in 20 years were developed. Topographic and geological differences between Middle and Korapuki Is are likely to influence the final form of e ...
... the terrestrial systems of Korapuki I. were modelled using interaction webs, and compared with those on Middle I. Predictive models for systems on Korapuki I. in 20 years were developed. Topographic and geological differences between Middle and Korapuki Is are likely to influence the final form of e ...
The origin of higher taxa: macroevolutionary processes, and the
... disparate morphological structures such as sensory and autonomic nerves, branchial arches and their derivatives, and the pigmented layer of the skin (e.g. Wolpert et al. 2002). The empirical evidence that the developmental regulatory system is modular in architecture, and that modules are capable of ...
... disparate morphological structures such as sensory and autonomic nerves, branchial arches and their derivatives, and the pigmented layer of the skin (e.g. Wolpert et al. 2002). The empirical evidence that the developmental regulatory system is modular in architecture, and that modules are capable of ...
Thrall, P. H., M. E. Hochberg, J. J. Burdon and J. D. Bever. 2007
... context is a key component of a more general predictive science of coevolution [6–10]. Importantly, complexity does not imply that coevolutionary impacts on communities and vice versa are limited to ‘diffuse’ effects. Rather, it is because most species interact with suites of other species that vary ...
... context is a key component of a more general predictive science of coevolution [6–10]. Importantly, complexity does not imply that coevolutionary impacts on communities and vice versa are limited to ‘diffuse’ effects. Rather, it is because most species interact with suites of other species that vary ...
3. Ecosystems Booklet TN
... ACCEPT that there weren’t very many at start prey, numbers have reduced/become extinct/have left the area; DO NOT CREDIT ‘lack of food’ unless has indicated that food is an animal idea of slower reproductive rate/AW; ACCEPT don’t breed as fast/don’t have as many offspring (e) 1. Aesthetic/amenity/re ...
... ACCEPT that there weren’t very many at start prey, numbers have reduced/become extinct/have left the area; DO NOT CREDIT ‘lack of food’ unless has indicated that food is an animal idea of slower reproductive rate/AW; ACCEPT don’t breed as fast/don’t have as many offspring (e) 1. Aesthetic/amenity/re ...
Mountain Cultures, Keystone Species
... implications on local livelihoods. In a region with relatively few economic opportunities, promising activities such as tourism will be negatively affected by the loss of attractions, such as wildlife, and increased land degradation. • PhotoVoice, and similar participant-led explorations and learnin ...
... implications on local livelihoods. In a region with relatively few economic opportunities, promising activities such as tourism will be negatively affected by the loss of attractions, such as wildlife, and increased land degradation. • PhotoVoice, and similar participant-led explorations and learnin ...
bottom-up regulation of plant community structure in an aridland
... densities) were transformed logarithmically to achieve homogeneity of variance and normal distribution. Hence statistical analyses were carried out on 16 plots per year, yielding a total of 160 non-independent plot samples over 10 years. To determine if rodents increased small-scale compositional va ...
... densities) were transformed logarithmically to achieve homogeneity of variance and normal distribution. Hence statistical analyses were carried out on 16 plots per year, yielding a total of 160 non-independent plot samples over 10 years. To determine if rodents increased small-scale compositional va ...
Characterization of the first cultured representative of
... and medicine (for example, Horn et al., 2004). In addition, some environmental clades of the Verrucomicrobia phylum can be of high ecological significance, especially in soils where their abundance can exceed 20% of the total bacterial community (Bergmann et al., 2011). Despite their importance in e ...
... and medicine (for example, Horn et al., 2004). In addition, some environmental clades of the Verrucomicrobia phylum can be of high ecological significance, especially in soils where their abundance can exceed 20% of the total bacterial community (Bergmann et al., 2011). Despite their importance in e ...
Warning Signal Brightness Variation: Sexual Selection May Work
... of this population using a x2 goodness of fit test, testing the hypothesis that frogs were distributed equally across substrate categories. We then used visual modeling estimates to assess the ability of viewers to distinguish differences between males, using two approaches: (1) comparison of all po ...
... of this population using a x2 goodness of fit test, testing the hypothesis that frogs were distributed equally across substrate categories. We then used visual modeling estimates to assess the ability of viewers to distinguish differences between males, using two approaches: (1) comparison of all po ...
aggregated seed arrival alters plant diversity in
... exploitation and tolerance may take advantage of different opportunities because the system is not well mixed (Bolker and Pacala 1999). These theoretical results are consistent whether using interacting particle systems, moment equations for spatial point processes or metapopulation models (Bolker e ...
... exploitation and tolerance may take advantage of different opportunities because the system is not well mixed (Bolker and Pacala 1999). These theoretical results are consistent whether using interacting particle systems, moment equations for spatial point processes or metapopulation models (Bolker e ...