Ecological character displacement and the study of adaptation
... The theory of ecological character displacement was first explicitly developed by W. L. Brown and E. O. Wilson in 1956 (4). The idea underlying this theory is quite simple: Suppose that two very similar species come into contact. If resources are limiting, the species are likely to compete strongly. ...
... The theory of ecological character displacement was first explicitly developed by W. L. Brown and E. O. Wilson in 1956 (4). The idea underlying this theory is quite simple: Suppose that two very similar species come into contact. If resources are limiting, the species are likely to compete strongly. ...
Ch57 quiz-Key - Milan Area Schools
... a. Humans derive pleasure and aesthetic benefits from interactions with other organisms. b. Humans depend on other species for food. c. A variety of species are necessary for the functioning of ecosystems. d. Biological diversity is the heritage of all humankind and should be passed on to future gen ...
... a. Humans derive pleasure and aesthetic benefits from interactions with other organisms. b. Humans depend on other species for food. c. A variety of species are necessary for the functioning of ecosystems. d. Biological diversity is the heritage of all humankind and should be passed on to future gen ...
Arrows show direction of energy flow from organism consumed to
... 1) Sources: Nutrients enter ecosystems through the chemical breakdown of minerals in rocks and through fixation of gases in the atmosphere. 2) Transformations: Chemical and biological transformations in the ecosystem alter the chemical form and supply of nutrients. 3) Controls: Transformation proce ...
... 1) Sources: Nutrients enter ecosystems through the chemical breakdown of minerals in rocks and through fixation of gases in the atmosphere. 2) Transformations: Chemical and biological transformations in the ecosystem alter the chemical form and supply of nutrients. 3) Controls: Transformation proce ...
Notes
... nutrients made by autotrophs is passed on to heterotrophs, and only a small amount is passed to each succeeding consumer; much energy is used at each level for cellular respiration and much is lost as heat. Ecosystems are dependent on a continual supply of solar energy. The laws of thermodynamics su ...
... nutrients made by autotrophs is passed on to heterotrophs, and only a small amount is passed to each succeeding consumer; much energy is used at each level for cellular respiration and much is lost as heat. Ecosystems are dependent on a continual supply of solar energy. The laws of thermodynamics su ...
Conservation Biology
... harmful effects caused by manmade chemicals to the natural environment • Of particular interest are the effects on populations, communities, and ecosystems From Dictionary.com ...
... harmful effects caused by manmade chemicals to the natural environment • Of particular interest are the effects on populations, communities, and ecosystems From Dictionary.com ...
Biological populations and communities
... because living organisms within the ecosystem face varying stresses from both living and non-living factors in the environment. Living things must respond to those stresses and their response changes not only the affected population but many others that are tied in some way to the affected populatio ...
... because living organisms within the ecosystem face varying stresses from both living and non-living factors in the environment. Living things must respond to those stresses and their response changes not only the affected population but many others that are tied in some way to the affected populatio ...
A Local Ecosystem
... their position along this line on a diagram. This indicates the distribution of plants along a crosssection of the ecosystem. This cross-section is ...
... their position along this line on a diagram. This indicates the distribution of plants along a crosssection of the ecosystem. This cross-section is ...
Major Trends in Evolution
... • Large scale evolutionary changes that separate genera, families, orders, classes and even phyla of organisms • Macro = Large ...
... • Large scale evolutionary changes that separate genera, families, orders, classes and even phyla of organisms • Macro = Large ...
Disturbance
... • What are the factors most important in determining a population’s likelihood to persist? • Which populations, if they disappear, are most likely to be recolonized? ...
... • What are the factors most important in determining a population’s likelihood to persist? • Which populations, if they disappear, are most likely to be recolonized? ...
Feeding Relationships
... • multiple organisms work together and make up a population. • In this population of ants, different ants serve different functions. ...
... • multiple organisms work together and make up a population. • In this population of ants, different ants serve different functions. ...
hssv0802t_powerpres
... • Competition is the relationship between two species (or individuals) in which both species (or individuals) attempt to use the same limited resource such that both are negatively affected by the relationship. • Members of the same species must compete with each other because they require the same ...
... • Competition is the relationship between two species (or individuals) in which both species (or individuals) attempt to use the same limited resource such that both are negatively affected by the relationship. • Members of the same species must compete with each other because they require the same ...
organism
... Experiments: Performed in the lab or in the field. • Lab experiments: • Positive = More control • Negative = Doesn’t always reflect what happens in nature •Field experiments: • Positive = More accurate picture of what happens in nature • Negative = May not help determine cause and effect ...
... Experiments: Performed in the lab or in the field. • Lab experiments: • Positive = More control • Negative = Doesn’t always reflect what happens in nature •Field experiments: • Positive = More accurate picture of what happens in nature • Negative = May not help determine cause and effect ...
VCE Biology Unit 2
... populations to a vulnerable point and result in a ‘crash’. - K-selected species particularly vulnerable . Why? - Important considerations 1. where, when and at what age a species breeds 2. Its rate of growth 3. The time required for sexual maturity Read and summarise the example of the Canadian cod ...
... populations to a vulnerable point and result in a ‘crash’. - K-selected species particularly vulnerable . Why? - Important considerations 1. where, when and at what age a species breeds 2. Its rate of growth 3. The time required for sexual maturity Read and summarise the example of the Canadian cod ...
Understanding Our Environment
... Wetland - Shallow water body or an area where the ground is wet long enough to support plants specialized to grow under saturated soil conditions. Wetland Values - Highly productive habitat for wildlife. - Occupy 5% of land in U.S., but at least one-third of all endangered species use ...
... Wetland - Shallow water body or an area where the ground is wet long enough to support plants specialized to grow under saturated soil conditions. Wetland Values - Highly productive habitat for wildlife. - Occupy 5% of land in U.S., but at least one-third of all endangered species use ...
(DEB) models
... and salinity are revealing sub-lethal changes in processes within ‘somatic maintenance’ e.g. acid base balance, protein turnover, osmoregulation, Ecosystem immune function model 2) some are (presently) unpredictable or not intuitive, but will have an impact on an organism performance when additional ...
... and salinity are revealing sub-lethal changes in processes within ‘somatic maintenance’ e.g. acid base balance, protein turnover, osmoregulation, Ecosystem immune function model 2) some are (presently) unpredictable or not intuitive, but will have an impact on an organism performance when additional ...
Population Growth
... air and water. Many lakes often have nitrogen and phosphorous as limiting nutrients for aquatic and terrestrial plants. Runoff from agricultural fertilizers increases these nutrients, leading to runaway plant growth, or eutrophication. Increased plant populations eventually lead to increased bacteri ...
... air and water. Many lakes often have nitrogen and phosphorous as limiting nutrients for aquatic and terrestrial plants. Runoff from agricultural fertilizers increases these nutrients, leading to runaway plant growth, or eutrophication. Increased plant populations eventually lead to increased bacteri ...
Succession, population growth and human impact
... conditions with unlimited resources, a population will grow Industrial revolution: ...
... conditions with unlimited resources, a population will grow Industrial revolution: ...
Population Growth
... air and water. Many lakes often have nitrogen and phosphorous as limiting nutrients for aquatic and terrestrial plants. Runoff from agricultural fertilizers increases these nutrients, leading to runaway plant growth, or eutrophication. Increased plant populations eventually lead to increased bacteri ...
... air and water. Many lakes often have nitrogen and phosphorous as limiting nutrients for aquatic and terrestrial plants. Runoff from agricultural fertilizers increases these nutrients, leading to runaway plant growth, or eutrophication. Increased plant populations eventually lead to increased bacteri ...
Document
... Do not tell us about locations where they could be successful Do not tell us about places where a species has failed Understanding distributions relies on knowing what factors prevent species from occupying a particular location or region ...
... Do not tell us about locations where they could be successful Do not tell us about places where a species has failed Understanding distributions relies on knowing what factors prevent species from occupying a particular location or region ...
Chapter 44 Name: Compare/Contrast population density and
... 15. Identify each of the following as true of K-selected species or r-selected species. ______ Exhibit rapid growth ______ Population size remains relatively constant (at the carrying capacity) ______ Species that quickly invade a habitat, quickly reproduce, and then die ______ Opportunistic specie ...
... 15. Identify each of the following as true of K-selected species or r-selected species. ______ Exhibit rapid growth ______ Population size remains relatively constant (at the carrying capacity) ______ Species that quickly invade a habitat, quickly reproduce, and then die ______ Opportunistic specie ...
Impact of 21st century climate change on the Baltic Sea fish
... affected by climate variations. These climatic effects and the underlying mechanisms are briefly reviewed. We then use recent regional – scale climate - ocean modelling results to consider how climate change during this century will affect the fish community of the Baltic and fisheries management. E ...
... affected by climate variations. These climatic effects and the underlying mechanisms are briefly reviewed. We then use recent regional – scale climate - ocean modelling results to consider how climate change during this century will affect the fish community of the Baltic and fisheries management. E ...
ECOLOGY
... b. takes a long time b/c soil(break down of rocks) c. Pioneer species – 1st organisms to move into an area ...
... b. takes a long time b/c soil(break down of rocks) c. Pioneer species – 1st organisms to move into an area ...
Ecology - Pearland ISD
... organisms inhabiting the Earth • Abiotic factors- nonliving parts of the environment (i.e. temperature, soil, light, moisture, air currents) ...
... organisms inhabiting the Earth • Abiotic factors- nonliving parts of the environment (i.e. temperature, soil, light, moisture, air currents) ...
Week of March 7th
... » compare variations and adaptations of organisms in different ecosystems.[12B] » recognize that long-term survival of species is dependent on changing resource bases that are limited.[12D] ...
... » compare variations and adaptations of organisms in different ecosystems.[12B] » recognize that long-term survival of species is dependent on changing resource bases that are limited.[12D] ...
chapter_1
... The characteristics of system changes with time going time-varying parameters time-varying dynamics Time-invariant System (ideal) The features of system never ever changes Usually a good approximation for most engineering application A good starting point to obtain main features of system Relatively ...
... The characteristics of system changes with time going time-varying parameters time-varying dynamics Time-invariant System (ideal) The features of system never ever changes Usually a good approximation for most engineering application A good starting point to obtain main features of system Relatively ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.