(2007). Targets for ecosystem repair in riparian ecosystems
... In all biomes, riparian ecosystems were generally found to have high ecological resilience to invasion by alien plants, except in some situations of closed alien stands (75-100% canopy cover). This means that where alien invasion is the only (or major) disturbance at a site, and invasion intensity i ...
... In all biomes, riparian ecosystems were generally found to have high ecological resilience to invasion by alien plants, except in some situations of closed alien stands (75-100% canopy cover). This means that where alien invasion is the only (or major) disturbance at a site, and invasion intensity i ...
Sponge Community Structure and Anti
... one of the major taxa, in terms of both biomass and species diversity, found in hardbottom communities (Sara and Vacelet 1973). Despite the abundance of sponges at all latitudes, the bulk of our understanding of how predation regulates their distribution comes from studies conducted in the tropics. ...
... one of the major taxa, in terms of both biomass and species diversity, found in hardbottom communities (Sara and Vacelet 1973). Despite the abundance of sponges at all latitudes, the bulk of our understanding of how predation regulates their distribution comes from studies conducted in the tropics. ...
Competition as a factor underlying the abundance of an uncommon
... Abstract. 1. Recent reviews of experimental studies provide compelling evidence that competition should be retained as a potential factor influencing the success of phytophagous insects. In this context, the objective of the study was to determine the role of interspecific and intraspecific competit ...
... Abstract. 1. Recent reviews of experimental studies provide compelling evidence that competition should be retained as a potential factor influencing the success of phytophagous insects. In this context, the objective of the study was to determine the role of interspecific and intraspecific competit ...
BIOSPHERE Chapter 3
... ecosystem are interconnected and changing even one thing impacts the whole ecosystem. When one tugs at a single thing in nature, he finds it attached to the rest of the world. ...
... ecosystem are interconnected and changing even one thing impacts the whole ecosystem. When one tugs at a single thing in nature, he finds it attached to the rest of the world. ...
Between the devil and the deep blue sea: Consequences of extreme
... 1998; Chevin et al. 2013; Jenouvrier et al. 2015), exemplified beautifully in the shifting morphology of Darwin’s finches on Daphne Major where finch populations showed noticeable changes in beak morphology following precipitation extremes (Price et al. 1984; Gibbs & Grant 1987). In fact, the select ...
... 1998; Chevin et al. 2013; Jenouvrier et al. 2015), exemplified beautifully in the shifting morphology of Darwin’s finches on Daphne Major where finch populations showed noticeable changes in beak morphology following precipitation extremes (Price et al. 1984; Gibbs & Grant 1987). In fact, the select ...
Chemical defense strategies in sponges: a review
... larger pieces including both ecto- and endosomal layers), and may, therefore, not always be present. Moreover, the often amorphous morphology and anatomy of sponges as well as their extraordinary ability to rapidly regenerate lost tissue after wounding may complicate the assignment of high fitness v ...
... larger pieces including both ecto- and endosomal layers), and may, therefore, not always be present. Moreover, the often amorphous morphology and anatomy of sponges as well as their extraordinary ability to rapidly regenerate lost tissue after wounding may complicate the assignment of high fitness v ...
The Canadian Seal Hunt: No Management and
... 1986-1995. In recent years, 4,000-6,000 hooded seals have been taken in native subsistence hunts in Greenland, with a further 100 or so in northern Canada. Icelandic hunters shoot an unknown number annually. ...
... 1986-1995. In recent years, 4,000-6,000 hooded seals have been taken in native subsistence hunts in Greenland, with a further 100 or so in northern Canada. Icelandic hunters shoot an unknown number annually. ...
prey selection in horned lizards following the
... While most have focused on the direct impact of exotics on closely related taxa, few studies have investigated the impact of an introduced species, either directly or indirectly, on more distantly related taxa, or across entire communities (Diamond and Case 1986, Vitousek et al. 1987, Vitousek 1990) ...
... While most have focused on the direct impact of exotics on closely related taxa, few studies have investigated the impact of an introduced species, either directly or indirectly, on more distantly related taxa, or across entire communities (Diamond and Case 1986, Vitousek et al. 1987, Vitousek 1990) ...
Non-native invasive earthworms as agents of change in northern temperate forests REVIEWS
... archbold-station.org); 2Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany; 3The Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN; 4Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN; 5Department of Biology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; 6Insti ...
... archbold-station.org); 2Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany; 3The Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN; 4Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN; 5Department of Biology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; 6Insti ...
LATITUDINAL GRADIENTS OF BIODIVERSITY: Pattern, Process
... of land (Rosenzweig 1995). Consequently it is difficult to disentangle areal effects from other geographic, historical, or ecological phenomena associated with land-ocean interfaces. Finally, almost all studies of latitudinal gradients fail to take into account the spatially autocorrelated nature of ...
... of land (Rosenzweig 1995). Consequently it is difficult to disentangle areal effects from other geographic, historical, or ecological phenomena associated with land-ocean interfaces. Finally, almost all studies of latitudinal gradients fail to take into account the spatially autocorrelated nature of ...
Coral Reefs
... • Corals can obtain food in a variety of ways. Reef-building corals rely on the photosynthetic products of zooxanthellae for the majority of their nutrients. However, corals also capture zooplankton for food. Corals are suspension feeders. They utilize two main methods of prey capture: nematocyst ad ...
... • Corals can obtain food in a variety of ways. Reef-building corals rely on the photosynthetic products of zooxanthellae for the majority of their nutrients. However, corals also capture zooplankton for food. Corals are suspension feeders. They utilize two main methods of prey capture: nematocyst ad ...
COSEWIC Assessment for Grizzly Bear
... but some Hunters and Trappers Organizations may have restrictions on harvest within their respective communities. Inuit beneficiaries do not need a license, permit or tag to hunt grizzly bears. ...
... but some Hunters and Trappers Organizations may have restrictions on harvest within their respective communities. Inuit beneficiaries do not need a license, permit or tag to hunt grizzly bears. ...
Puerto Rican Crested Toad - Conservation Breeding Specialist Group
... of your staff to participate in an IUCN Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (CBSG) Puerto Rican Crested Toad Population and Habitat Viability Assessment (PHVA) meeting. This CBSG meeting provides an opportunity for Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the Species Survival Plan (SSP) program to ass ...
... of your staff to participate in an IUCN Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (CBSG) Puerto Rican Crested Toad Population and Habitat Viability Assessment (PHVA) meeting. This CBSG meeting provides an opportunity for Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the Species Survival Plan (SSP) program to ass ...
the mangrove finch on Isabela Island
... Habitat destruction and predation by invasive alien species has led to the disappearance of several island populations of Darwin’s finches but to date none of the 13 recognized species have gone extinct. However, driven by rapid economic growth in the Galápagos, the effects of introduced species ha ...
... Habitat destruction and predation by invasive alien species has led to the disappearance of several island populations of Darwin’s finches but to date none of the 13 recognized species have gone extinct. However, driven by rapid economic growth in the Galápagos, the effects of introduced species ha ...
Document
... phytoplankton and HNF, ciliates and dinoflagellates, are kept in check by copepod grazing (e.g. Saiz and Calbet, 2011; Smetacek, 1981) but again, information on the dynamics of these groups in relation to bottom-up and top-down factors is limited. Heterotrophic dinoflagellates are able to graze on a ...
... phytoplankton and HNF, ciliates and dinoflagellates, are kept in check by copepod grazing (e.g. Saiz and Calbet, 2011; Smetacek, 1981) but again, information on the dynamics of these groups in relation to bottom-up and top-down factors is limited. Heterotrophic dinoflagellates are able to graze on a ...
River plume effects on larval yellow perch (Perca flavescens
... and Detroit River), which differ greatly in their nutrient and sediment loading. The higher turbidity of the Maumee River plume is thought to reduce predation on early-stage juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens), consequently increasing their survival. For this reason, my overall objective was to ...
... and Detroit River), which differ greatly in their nutrient and sediment loading. The higher turbidity of the Maumee River plume is thought to reduce predation on early-stage juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens), consequently increasing their survival. For this reason, my overall objective was to ...
Can Wall Lizards Combine Chemical and Visual Cues to
... were able to discriminate between a predatory snake and a harmless one by using their chemical and/or visual cues, we designed a repeated measures experiment in which each individual lizard (N ¼ 28) was tested in a counterbalanced sequence in all the treatments. One trial was conducted per day for e ...
... were able to discriminate between a predatory snake and a harmless one by using their chemical and/or visual cues, we designed a repeated measures experiment in which each individual lizard (N ¼ 28) was tested in a counterbalanced sequence in all the treatments. One trial was conducted per day for e ...
Nest predation research: recent findings and future perspectives
... birds that has attracted increasing attention from ornithologists. The inclusion of new concepts applicable to nest predation that stem from social information, eavesdropping or physiology has expanded our knowledge considerably. Recent methodological advancements now allow focus on all three player ...
... birds that has attracted increasing attention from ornithologists. The inclusion of new concepts applicable to nest predation that stem from social information, eavesdropping or physiology has expanded our knowledge considerably. Recent methodological advancements now allow focus on all three player ...
Climate Change and Alpine Vegetation Shifts on Mountaintop
... Global temperatures have risen with c.a. 0.85 °C during the past century and are predicted to increase even further at an accelerated rate in the coming decades. These changes in the climate system are having a profound impact on the distribution and composition of plant communities. Mountain ecosys ...
... Global temperatures have risen with c.a. 0.85 °C during the past century and are predicted to increase even further at an accelerated rate in the coming decades. These changes in the climate system are having a profound impact on the distribution and composition of plant communities. Mountain ecosys ...
Document
... trophic web of shallow waters that involve daily vertical migrations. Landing per unit effort of cuttlefish from a time series of 18 years in SW Spain indicated that the abundance of this species did not show a correlation with rainfall rates, river discharges and sea surface temperature (Sobrino et ...
... trophic web of shallow waters that involve daily vertical migrations. Landing per unit effort of cuttlefish from a time series of 18 years in SW Spain indicated that the abundance of this species did not show a correlation with rainfall rates, river discharges and sea surface temperature (Sobrino et ...
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 339:65
... The coexistence of multiple species within a trophic level can be regulated by consumer preferences and nutrient supply, but the influence of these factors on the co-occurrence of seagrass species is not well understood. We examined the biomass and density responses of two seagrass species in the Fl ...
... The coexistence of multiple species within a trophic level can be regulated by consumer preferences and nutrient supply, but the influence of these factors on the co-occurrence of seagrass species is not well understood. We examined the biomass and density responses of two seagrass species in the Fl ...
04
... Rare Plant Restoration Group (HRPRG) form. Based on the analysis of data, recommendations shall be made for management actions. Discussion MC I , MC2 and MC3 plant species were monitored quarterly by NRS . A detailed discussion of the monitoring and management accomplishments is included within the ...
... Rare Plant Restoration Group (HRPRG) form. Based on the analysis of data, recommendations shall be made for management actions. Discussion MC I , MC2 and MC3 plant species were monitored quarterly by NRS . A detailed discussion of the monitoring and management accomplishments is included within the ...
Resource use by re-introduced large African herbivores in an
... facilitation, and predation (Begon et al. 2006, Morin 2011). Human habitation represents one form of competition where the modification of habitat by humans or the presence of humans alone renders some habitat unsuitable for an animal (Prins 1992, Apps et al. 2004). Facilitation occurs in herbivory ...
... facilitation, and predation (Begon et al. 2006, Morin 2011). Human habitation represents one form of competition where the modification of habitat by humans or the presence of humans alone renders some habitat unsuitable for an animal (Prins 1992, Apps et al. 2004). Facilitation occurs in herbivory ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.